Addis Ababa Agreement
Export agreement coding (PDF)Country/entity
Comoros
AnjouanRegion
Africa (excl MENA)
Africa (excl MENA)Agreement name
Addis Ababa AgreementDate
13 Dec 1997Agreement status
Multiparty signed/agreedInterim arrangement
YesAgreement/conflict level
Intrastate/intrastate conflict ( )Stage
Pre-negotiation/processConflict nature
Government/territoryPeace process
Comoros-Anjouan islands peace processParties
The Comorian parties (the Government, Anjouan, Moheli and Grande Comore, and the Opposition: Forum/Federation/PRC and National Union for Development/National Front for Justice)
For the delegation of Ndzuwani (Anjouan):
Ali MOUMINE
For the delegation of Mwali (Moheli):
Mohamed FAZUL
For the delegation of Ngazidja (Grande Comore):
Ali Abdou EL ANIOU
For the delegation of the Opposition
Forum/Federation/PRC:
Moustoifa Said CHEIKH Mohamed Said MCHANGAMA
For the delegation of the National Union for Development/
National Front for Justice:
Ahmed Elarif HAMIDI Tolbrane HOUMADI
For the delegation of the Government: Mouzaoir ABDALLAHThird parties
(a) The member States of the Central Organ of the OAU Mechanism for Conflict Prevention, Management and Resolution (Zimbabwe, Cameroon, Burkina Faso); (b) The countries of the region (Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Seychelles, South Africa and the United Republic of Tanzania); (c) The permanent members of the Security Council (China, France, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of America); (d) the League of Arab States; (e) The United Nations; (f) The European Union. Signatories For the Organization of African Unity: Ambassador Pierre L. YERE Special Envoy of the Secretary-General of OAU to the ComorosDescription
Through this agreement, parties (1) request the establishment of an international commission of inquiry for crimes committed during the crisis; (2) call for an Inter-Island Comorian Conference with a view to defining a new institutional framework meeting the legitimate aspirations of the Comorians; (3) and agree to establish a commission in charge of implementing the Agreement.
Agreement document
Groups
- Children/youth
No specific mention.
- Disabled persons
No specific mention.
- Elderly/age
No specific mention.
- Migrant workers
No specific mention.
- Racial/ethnic/national group
No specific mention.
- Religious groups
No specific mention.
- Indigenous people
No specific mention.
- Other groups
No specific mention.
- Refugees/displaced persons
No specific mention.
- Social class
No specific mention.
Gender
- Women, girls and gender
No specific mention.
- Men and boys
No specific mention.
- LGBTI
No specific mention.
- Family
No specific mention.
State definition
- Nature of state (general)Page 1, Article 3:
The Comorian parties agreed to hold, as soon as possible, under the auspices of OAU and according to the format of the Addis Ababa International Conference, an Inter-Island Comorian Conference with a view to defining a new institutional framework meeting the legitimate aspirations of the Comorians. In this regard, the Comorian parties noted the firm position expressed by OAU, the United Nations, the League of Arab States and the European Union on the unity and territorial integrity of the Comoros. - State configuration
No specific mention.
- Self determination
No specific mention.
- Referendum
No specific mention.
- State symbols
No specific mention.
- Independence/secession
No specific mention.
- Accession/unification
No specific mention.
- Border delimitation
No specific mention.
- Cross-border provision
No specific mention.
Governance
- Political institutions (new or reformed)
No specific mention.
- Elections
No specific mention.
- Electoral commission
No specific mention.
- Political parties reform
No specific mention.
- Civil society
No specific mention.
- Traditional/religious leaders
No specific mention.
- Public administration
No specific mention.
- Constitution
No specific mention.
Power sharing
- Political power sharing
No specific mention.
- Territorial power sharing
No specific mention.
- Economic power sharing
No specific mention.
- Military power sharing
No specific mention.
Human rights and equality
- Human rights/RoL general
No specific mention.
- Bill of rights/similar
No specific mention.
- Treaty incorporation
No specific mention.
- Civil and political rights
No specific mention.
- Socio-economic rights
No specific mention.
Rights related issues
- Citizenship
No specific mention.
- Democracy
No specific mention.
- Detention procedures
No specific mention.
- Media and communication
No specific mention.
- Mobility/access
No specific mention.
- Protection measures
No specific mention.
- Other
No specific mention.
Rights institutions
- NHRI
No specific mention.
- Regional or international human rights institutions
No specific mention.
Justice sector reform
- Criminal justice and emergency law
No specific mention.
- State of emergency provisions
No specific mention.
- Judiciary and courts
No specific mention.
- Prisons and detention
No specific mention.
- Traditional Laws
No specific mention.
Socio-economic reconstruction
- Development or socio-economic reconstruction
No specific mention.
- National economic plan
No specific mention.
- Natural resources
No specific mention.
- International fundsPage 2, Article 6:
The Comorian parties took note with satisfaction of the decision of OAU, in cooperation with the international community, particularly the United Nations, the League of Arab States and the European Union, to convene a round table of donors with a view to mobilizing international assistance for the development of the Comoros. In the meantime, they appeal for urgent assistance to the Comoros. - Business
No specific mention.
- Taxation
No specific mention.
- Banks
No specific mention.
Land, property and environment
- Land reform/rights
No specific mention.
- Pastoralist/nomadism rights
No specific mention.
- Cultural heritage
No specific mention.
- Environment
No specific mention.
- Water or riparian rights or access
No specific mention.
Security sector
- Security Guarantees
No specific mention.
- Ceasefire
No specific mention.
- Police
No specific mention.
- Armed forces
No specific mention.
- DDR
No specific mention.
- Intelligence services
No specific mention.
- Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces
No specific mention.
- Withdrawal of foreign forces
No specific mention.
- Corruption
No specific mention.
- Crime/organised crime
No specific mention.
- Drugs
No specific mention.
- Terrorism
No specific mention.
Transitional justice
- Transitional justice general
No specific mention.
- Amnesty/pardon
No specific mention.
- Courts
No specific mention.
- MechanismPage 1, Article 2:
The Comorian parties pondered the situation existing in their country, particularly the crisis in Anjouan and Moheli. In that regard, they deeply regretted the military actions carried out in the two islands of Anjouan and Moheli, as well as the loss of human lives, injuries and destruction of property. Consequently, they requested the establishment of an international commission of inquiry, which would be requested to identify the responsibilities, evaluate the damage caused on the two islands during the crisis and propose measures likely to enable the victims to obtain the necessary compensation. - Prisoner release
No specific mention.
- Vetting
No specific mention.
- VictimsPage 1, Article 2:
The Comorian parties pondered the situation existing in their country, particularly the crisis in Anjouan and Moheli. In that regard, they deeply regretted the military actions carried out in the two islands of Anjouan and Moheli, as well as the loss of human lives, injuries and destruction of property. Consequently, they requested the establishment of an international commission of inquiry, which would be requested to identify the responsibilities, evaluate the damage caused on the two islands during the crisis and propose measures likely to enable the victims to obtain the necessary compensation. - Missing persons
No specific mention.
- ReparationsTransitional justice→Reparations→Material reparationsPage 1, Article 2:
The Comorian parties pondered the situation existing in their country, particularly the crisis in Anjouan and Moheli. In that regard, they deeply regretted the military actions carried out in the two islands of Anjouan and Moheli, as well as the loss of human lives, injuries and destruction of property. Consequently, they requested the establishment of an international commission of inquiry, which would be requested to identify the responsibilities, evaluate the damage caused on the two islands during the crisis and propose measures likely to enable the victims to obtain the necessary compensation. - Reconciliation
No specific mention.
Implementation
- UN signatoryWith the participation of official observers, representing: … (e) The United Nations
- Other international signatory(a) The member States of the Central Organ of the OAU Mechanism for Conflict Prevention, Management and Resolution (Zimbabwe, Cameroon, Burkina Faso);
(b) The countries of the region (Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Seychelles, South Africa and the United Republic of Tanzania);
(c) The permanent members of the Security Council (China, France, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of America);
(d) the League of Arab States;
(e) The United Nations;
(f) The European Union.
Signatories:
For the Organization of African Unity:
Ambassador Pierre L. YERE Special Envoy of the Secretary-General of OAU to the Comoros - Referendum for agreement
No specific mention.
- International mission/force/similarPage 1, Article 3:
The Comorian parties agreed to hold, as soon as possible, under the auspices of OAU and according to the format of the Addis Ababa International Conference, an Inter-Island Comorian Conference with a view to defining a new institutional framework meeting the legitimate aspirations of the Comorians. In this regard, the Comorian parties noted the firm position expressed by OAU, the United Nations, the League of Arab States and the European Union on the unity and territorial integrity of the Comoros.
Page 2, Article 5:
The Comorian parties agreed to establish a commission in charge of implementing the Agreement, comprising the representatives of all the Comorian parties to the International Conference and chaired by OAU.
Page 2, Article 6:
The Comorian parties took note with satisfaction of the decision of OAU, in cooperation with the international community, particularly the United Nations, the League of Arab States and the European Union, to convene a round table of donors with a view to mobilizing international assistance for the development of the Comoros. In the meantime, they appeal for urgent assistance to the Comoros. - Enforcement mechanismPage 2, Article 5:
The Comorian parties agreed to establish a commission in charge of implementing the Agreement, comprising the representatives of all the Comorian parties to the International Conference and chaired by OAU. - Related cases
No specific mention.
- Sourcehttp://peacemaker.un.org/
Addis Ababa Agreement adopted at the International Conference on the Comoros, held in Addis Ababa from 10 to 13 December 1997
1. The Comorian parties (the Government, Anjouan, Moheli and Grande Comore,
and the Opposition:
Forum/Federation/PRC and National Union for Development/National Front for Justice) met in Addis Ababa within the framework of the International Conference on the Comoros, organized under the auspices of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) from 10 to 13 December 1997, with the participation of official observers, representing:
(a) The member States of the Central Organ of the OAU Mechanism for Conflict Prevention, Management and Resolution (Zimbabwe, Cameroon, Burkina Faso);
(b) The countries of the region (Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Seychelles, South Africa and the United Republic of Tanzania);
(c) The permanent members of the Security Council (China, France, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of America);
(d) the League of Arab States;
(e) The United Nations;
(f) The European Union.
2. The Comorian parties pondered the situation existing in their country, particularly the crisis in Anjouan and Moheli.
In that regard, they deeply regretted the military actions carried out in the two islands of Anjouan and Moheli, as well as the loss of human lives, injuries and destruction of property.
Consequently, they requested the establishment of an international commission of inquiry, which would be requested to identify the responsibilities, evaluate the damage caused on the two islands during the crisis and propose measures likely to enable the victims to obtain the necessary compensation.
3. The Comorian parties agreed to hold, as soon as possible, under the auspices of OAU and according to the format of the Addis Ababa International Conference, an Inter-Island Comorian Conference with a view to defining a new institutional framework meeting the legitimate aspirations of the Comorians.
In this regard, the Comorian parties noted the firm position expressed by OAU, the United Nations, the League of Arab States and the European Union on the unity and territorial integrity of the Comoros.
4. The Comorian parties pledged to continue their dialogue with a view to establishing the conditions conducive to the convening of the proposed Conference.
5. The Comorian parties agreed to establish a commission in charge of implementing the Agreement, comprising the representatives of all the Comorian parties to the International Conference and chaired by OAU.
6. The Comorian parties took note with satisfaction of the decision of OAU, in cooperation with the international community, particularly the United Nations, the League of Arab States and the European Union, to convene a round table of donors with a view to mobilizing international assistance for the development of the Comoros.
In the meantime, they appeal for urgent assistance to the Comoros.
Done in Addis Ababa, 13 December 1997, in the presence of the official observers.
For the delegation of For the delegation of Ndzuwani (Anjouan): Mwali (Moheli):
Ali MOUMINE Mohamed FAZUL
For the delegation of Ngazidja
(Grande Comore):
Ali Abdou EL ANIOU
For the delegation of For the delegation of the the Opposition National Union for Development/
Forum/Federation/PRC:
National Front for Justice:
Moustoifa Said CHEIKH Ahmed Elarif HAMIDI
Mohamed Said MCHANGAMA Tolbrane HOUMADI
For the delegation of the Government:
Mouzaoir ABDALLAH
For the Organization of African Unity:
Ambassador Pierre L. YERE
Special Envoy of the Secretary-General of OAU to the Comoros