Sirte Peace Agreement

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Country/entity
Democratic Republic of Congo
Region
Africa (excl MENA)
Agreement name
Sirte Peace Agreement
Date
18 Apr 1999
Agreement status
Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement
Yes
Agreement/conflict level
Intrastate/intrastate conflict ( Congo Civil Wars (1996 - ) )
Stage
Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature
Government
Peace process
DRC: Second Congo war process
Parties
(Signed) H.E. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI, President of the Republic of Uganda
(Signed) H.E. Idriss DEBY, President of the Republic of Chad
(Signed) H.E. Issaias AFEWORKI, President of the State of Eritrea
(Signed) H.E. Laurant Désiré KABILA, President of the Democratic Republic of Congo
Third parties
(Signed) Col. Muamar EL-GADDAFI, Leader of the Great El-Fateh Revolution and Coordinator of the Peace Process in the Great Lakes
Description
The Sirte Peace Agreement is linked to the Lusaka Peace Process. The Sirte Agreement is a declaration of commitment to the ongoing regional peace process and calls for a ceasefire.

Agreement document
CD_990418_SirteAgreement.pdf | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth
No specific mention.
Disabled persons
No specific mention.
Elderly/age
No specific mention.
Migrant workers
No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group
No specific mention.
Religious groups
No specific mention.
Indigenous people
No specific mention.
Other groups
No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons
No specific mention.
Social class
No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender
No specific mention.
Men and boys
No specific mention.
LGBTI
No specific mention.
Family
No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general)
Page 1:
...
The signatories to this Agreement have decided the following:
... 8. All parties pledge to refrain from taking actions to overthrow the regime in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
... 9. Respect the principle of non-interference in the internal affairs of countries.
State configuration
No specific mention.
Self determination
No specific mention.
Referendum
No specific mention.
State symbols
No specific mention.
Independence/secession
No specific mention.
Accession/unification
No specific mention.
Border delimitation
No specific mention.
Cross-border provision
Page 1:
...
The signatories to this Agreement have decided the following:
1. Affirm the security and integrity of the political borders of all States.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed)
No specific mention.
Elections
No specific mention.
Electoral commission
No specific mention.
Political parties reform
No specific mention.
Civil society
No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders
No specific mention.
Public administration
No specific mention.
Constitution
No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing
No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing
No specific mention.
Economic power sharing
No specific mention.
Military power sharing
No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general
Page 1:
...
Realizing the tragedies of the awful massacres as a result of the armed strife in the region,

Page 1:
...
5. The signatories to this Agreement condemn all acts of violence and mass murder, and affirm the need to chase the killers, punish and disarm them.
Bill of rights/similar
No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation
Page 1:
...
On the basis of the Charter of the Organization of African Unity (OAU), of the first Cariso Summit in 1964 calling for respect of the pre-independence terms,
Civil and political rights
No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights
No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship
No specific mention.
Democracy
No specific mention.
Detention procedures
No specific mention.
Media and communication
No specific mention.
Mobility/access
No specific mention.
Protection measures
No specific mention.
Other
No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI
No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions
No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law
No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions
No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts
No specific mention.
Prisons and detention
No specific mention.
Traditional Laws
No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction
No specific mention.
National economic plan
No specific mention.
Natural resources
No specific mention.
International funds
No specific mention.
Business
No specific mention.
Taxation
No specific mention.
Banks
No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights
No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights
No specific mention.
Cultural heritage
No specific mention.
Environment
No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access
No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees
Page 1:
...
The signatories to this Agreement have decided the following:
1. Affirm the security and integrity of the political borders of all States.
2. Immediate cessation of hostilities to pave the way for dialogue and peaceful solution.
... 8. All parties pledge to refrain from taking actions to overthrow the regime in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Ceasefire
No specific mention.
Police
No specific mention.
Armed forces
Page 1:
...
4. Withdrawal of Ugandan and Rwandan troops will be timed with the arrival of the African peace forces.
DDR
Security sector→DDR→Demilitarisation provisions
Page 1:
...
5. The signatories to this Agreement condemn all acts of violence and mass murder, and affirm the need to chase the killers, punish and disarm them.
Intelligence services
No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces
No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces
Page 1:
...
4. Withdrawal of Ugandan and Rwandan troops will be timed with the arrival of the African peace forces.
...
7. Withdrawal of all foreign forces present in the Democratic Republic of the Congo as soon as a peace agreement is reached.
Corruption
No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime
No specific mention.
Drugs
No specific mention.
Terrorism
No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general
No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon
No specific mention.
Courts
No specific mention.
Mechanism
No specific mention.
Prisoner release
No specific mention.
Vetting
No specific mention.
Victims
No specific mention.
Missing persons
No specific mention.
Reparations
No specific mention.
Reconciliation
No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory
No specific mention.
Other international signatory
No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement
No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar
Page 1:
...
3. Deployment of neutral African peacekeeping forces in the area where there are troops of Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi inside the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
4. Withdrawal of Ugandan and Rwandan troops will be timed with the arrival of the African peace forces.
Enforcement mechanism
No specific mention.
Related cases
No specific mention.
Source
http://peacemaker.un.org/

The Peace Agreement

On the basis of the Charter of the Organization of African Unity (OAU), of the first Cariso Summit in 1964 calling for respect of the pre-independence terms,

In view of the military operations in the Great Lakes region leading to thedestabilization of peace and security within various States,

Opening the door before foreign interventions, which hinder the aims of thecontinent towards development and integration,

Out of the Sirte mini-Summit on 30 September 1998 relative to the currentconflict in the Great Lakes region,

Confirming the Lusaka Summit held from 13 to 16 January 1999, the precedingmeetings and the achieved results aimed at finding a lasting, peaceful solutionto the conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo,

Realizing the tragedies of the awful massacres as a result of the armedstrife in the region,

The signatories to this Agreement have decided the following:

1. Affirm the security and integrity of the political borders of allStates.

2. Immediate cessation of hostilities to pave the way for dialogue andpeaceful solution.

3. Deployment of neutral African peacekeeping forces in the area wherethere are troops of Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi inside the DemocraticRepublic of the Congo.

4. Withdrawal of Ugandan and Rwandan troops will be timed with thearrival of the African peace forces.

5. The signatories to this Agreement condemn all acts of violence andmass murder, and affirm the need to chase the killers, punish anddisarm them.

6. Encourage the Democratic Republic of the Congo to initiate a nationaldialogue for all parties.

7. Withdrawal of all foreign forces present in the Democratic Republic ofthe Congo as soon as a peace agreement is reached.

8. All parties pledge to refrain from taking actions to overthrow theregime in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

9. Respect the principle of non-interference in the internal affairs ofcountries.

10. Stress the continuity of the leading role of the brother leader aspeace coordinator in the Great Lakes region, in creating the climateand mechanism, to liaise with President Shiloba and to accelerate theprocess of peace.

DONE at Sirte on 18/04/1429 (1999).

(Signed) H.E. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENIPresident of the Republic of Uganda

(Signed) H.E. Issaias AFEWORKIPresident of the State of Eritrea

(Signed) H.E.President of

(Signed) H.E.President ofof the Congo

Idriss DEBYthe Republi of Chad

Laurant Désiré KABILAthe Democratic Republic

(Signed) Col.

Muamar EL-GADDAFI Leader of the Great El-Fateh Revolution and Coordinator of the Peace Process in the Great Lakes