• Country/entity

  Bosnia and Herzegovina
  Yugoslavia (former)
  

• Region

  Europe and Eurasia
  Europe and Eurasia
  

• Agreement name

  Specific Decisions by the London Conference, International Conference on Former Yugoslavia (The London Conference)

• Date

  27 Aug 1992

• Agreement status

  Multiparty signed/agreed

• Interim arrangement

  Yes

• Agreement/conflict level

  Interstate/intrastate conflict(s) ( Balkan Conflicts (1991 - 1995) (1998 - 2001) )

• Stage

  Pre-negotiation/process

• Conflict nature

  Government/territory

• Peace process

  Bosnia peace process

• Parties

  This conference was convened by Great Britain, which held the presidency of the EC at the time. The Participants were: The SFRY republics, the EC countries, the USA, China, Russia, Japan, Canada, The Republic of Czechoslovakia (as a state which held the presidency of CSCE – Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe) and the neighboring countries: Austria, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Albania

• Third parties

  -

• Description

  This short agreement provides outlines specific decisions made by the London Conference, regarding: Cessation of Violence; Humanitarian Issues; Effective delivery of humanitarian aid; Dismantling detention camps; Safe Areas; International Action; Sanctions; and Violations of Humanitarian Law.

• Agreement document

  BA_920827_Specific Decisions by the London Conference.pdf | Download PDF

Groups

Gender

State definition

Governance

Power sharing

Human rights and equality

Rights related issues

Rights institutions

Justice sector reform

Socio-economic reconstruction

Land, property and environment

Security sector

Transitional justice

Implementation

The London Conference

27 August 1992

SPECIFIC DECISIONS BY THE LONDON CONFERENCE

1. Acting under the principles set out in the relevant Conference documents, all parties at the Conference formally accept and agree to cooperate in a number of actions.

Cessation of Violence

2. The overall aim is an effective and durable cessation of hostilitiies in the whole of the former SFRY and in particular in Bosnia-Herzegovina in order to facilitate the negotiation of a lasting political settlement.

This requires urgent action including:

- early lifting of the sieges of towns and cities

- international supervision of heavy weapons

- bringing all forces, including irregulars, under central control

- withholding of direct or indirect military assistance to self-proclaimed governments and the internal components of neighbouring states

- the progressive reduction of weapons in the region under international supervision.

3. Participants agreed confidence-building measures including:

- the notification of all mortars and heavy weapons to the UN within 96 hours as a prelude to their disengagement from the conflict, which will be the first item in negotiations

- a ban on military flights

- early setting up of hot lines between local commanders and HQs

- improved contact through liaison visits

- the identification of HQs and commanders of all armed units, including para-militaries.

- the posting of observers on the Bosnian/Serbian and Bosnian/Montenegrin borders

- the deployment of observers in Bosnia to monitor heavy weapons.

4. Further confidence-building measures, covering military movements, arms limitation and verification will be urgently examined.

Humanitarian Issues

5. The co-Chairmen have agreed a programme ot action with the parties to the conflict.

This includes:

Effective delivery of humanitarian aid

i) Full collaboration in delivery ot humanitarian relief, by road throughout Bosnia-Herzegovina, with the following specific steps:

- progressive development of relief missions and road convoys from Croatia and Serbia and Montenegro into all areas of Bosnia where relief is-required

- priority to repairing the road and railway between Ploce, Mostar and Sarajevo

- parties to designate local representatives with whom practical arrangements for relief missions and road convoys can be made

- acceptance of and arrangements for international monitors.

ii) Parties to exercise authority over undisciplined elements in their areas.

Refugees

iii) Progressive return of refugees to their homes and response to the needs identified by the UN.

Dismantling detention camps

iv) Unconditional and unilateral release under international supervision of all civilians detained, and the closure without delay of the detention camps.

v) Parties to take responsibility for security and protection of those detained until freed under international supervision.

vi) International community to be given immediate access in order to monitor the situation of those in detention.

vii) Pending release and return home of those detained, urgent action by humanitarian organisations to examine temporary options.

Safe Areas

viii) Further examination ot options including neutral zones for safe areas.

International Action

6. In order to promote these objectives all governments and international organisations will:

- collaborate fully with the Secretary General of the United Nations in providing to him information in implementation of UNSCR 771

- ensure the compliance by all persons with their obligations under international humanitarian law

- take all possible legal action to bring to account those responsible for committing or ordering grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions

- draw up a register of verified breaches of international humanitarian law

- set up the monitoring missions called for by the CSCE in the territories of the fonner SFRY and in neighbouring countries

- not consider help for the reconstruction of the Serbian economy before Serbia has complied with the demands of this conference

- provide the means for:

- passage and protection of humanitarian convoys at the request of the United Nations;

- control and monitoring of heavy weapons in BosniaHerzegovian under the auspices of the United Nations.

Sanctions

7. The relevant governments have agreed that they will:

- implement an agreed action plan to ensure the rigorous application of sanctions

- enforce sanctions on the Danube, consistent with their view that riparian states have the authority and obligation to do so

- provide practical advice, man-power and equipment to help neighbouring countries to enforce sanctions rigorously

- contribute experts to advise on the application of sanctions in all neighbouring countries to take part in the monitoring missions which will be established in the neighbouring countries to ensure full implementation of sanctions ask the Security council to:

- take necessary measures to tighten up the application of sanctions in the Adriatic;

- prevent illegal transfers of financial assets to Serbia and Montenegro;

and

- eliminate diversion of goods in transit.

Conference parties have asked the European Community and the CSCE to coordinate all necessary practical assistance to all neighbouring countries.

Violations of International Humanitarian Law

8. The Co-Chairmen have undertaken to carry forward a study of the creation of an international criminal court.