Cease-fire Agreement
Export agreement coding (PDF)- Country/entityCroatia
Yugoslavia (former) - RegionEurope and Eurasia
Europe and Eurasia - Agreement nameCease-fire Agreement
- Date1 Sep 1991
- Agreement statusMultiparty signed/agreed
- Interim arrangementYes
- Agreement/conflict levelIntrastate/intrastate conflict ( )
- StageCeasefire/related
- Conflict natureGovernment/territory
- Peace processCroatia negotiation process
- PartiesFor the European Community and its member States: HANS VAN DEN BROEK
For the Presidency of the SFRY, acting also in its capacity of Collective Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces: STIPE MESIC, PRESIDENT OF PRESIDENCY
For the Federal Executive Council: ANTE MARKOVIC, PRESIDENT
For the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina: ALIJA IZETBEGOVIC, PRESIDENT OF THE PRESIDENCY
For the Republic of Montenegro: MOMIR BULATOVIC, PRESIDENT OF PRESIDENCY
For the Republic of Croatia: FRANJO TUDJMAN, PRESIDENT
For the Republic of Macedonia: KIRO GLIGOROV, PRESIDENT
For the Republic of Slovenia: MILAN KUCAN, PRESIDENT OF THE PRESIDENCY
For the Republic of Serbia: SLOBODAN MILOSEVIC, PRESIDENT - Third parties-
- DescriptionThis agreement provides for an immediate cease-fire in the Republic of Croatia; disarmament and demobilisation of all paramilitary forces, the Croatian National Guard and the Yugoslav People's Army. It also provides for the European Community Observer Mission to expand its activities to monitor implementation of the agreement.
- Agreement document
Groups
- Children/youth
No specific mention.
- Disabled persons
No specific mention.
- Elderly/age
No specific mention.
- Migrant workers
No specific mention.
- Racial/ethnic/national groupGroups→Racial/ethnic/national group→SubstantivePage 1, 2.
In order to ensure the comprehensive and effective control of the cease-fire, the signatories agree that supervision be carried out by the Yugoslav People's Army, the Croatian authorities and representatives of the Serbian population in Croatia involved in hostilities. - Religious groups
No specific mention.
- Indigenous people
No specific mention.
- Other groups
No specific mention.
- Refugees/displaced persons
No specific mention.
- Social class
No specific mention.
Gender
- Women, girls and gender
No specific mention.
- Men and boys
No specific mention.
- LGBTI
No specific mention.
- Family
No specific mention.
State definition
- Nature of state (general)
No specific mention.
- State configuration
No specific mention.
- Self determination
No specific mention.
- Referendum
No specific mention.
- State symbols
No specific mention.
- Independence/secession
No specific mention.
- Accession/unification
No specific mention.
- Border delimitation
No specific mention.
- Cross-border provision
No specific mention.
Governance
- Political institutions (new or reformed)
No specific mention.
- Elections
No specific mention.
- Electoral commission
No specific mention.
- Political parties reform
No specific mention.
- Civil society
No specific mention.
- Traditional/religious leaders
No specific mention.
- Public administration
No specific mention.
- Constitution
No specific mention.
Power sharing
- Political power sharing
No specific mention.
- Territorial power sharing
No specific mention.
- Economic power sharing
No specific mention.
- Military power sharing
No specific mention.
Human rights and equality
- Human rights/RoL general
No specific mention.
- Bill of rights/similar
No specific mention.
- Treaty incorporation
No specific mention.
- Civil and political rights
No specific mention.
- Socio-economic rights
No specific mention.
Rights related issues
- Citizenship
No specific mention.
- Democracy
No specific mention.
- Detention procedures
No specific mention.
- Media and communication
No specific mention.
- Mobility/access
No specific mention.
- Protection measures
No specific mention.
- Other
No specific mention.
Rights institutions
- NHRI
No specific mention.
- Regional or international human rights institutions
No specific mention.
Justice sector reform
- Criminal justice and emergency law
No specific mention.
- State of emergency provisions
No specific mention.
- Judiciary and courts
No specific mention.
- Prisons and detention
No specific mention.
- Traditional Laws
No specific mention.
Socio-economic reconstruction
- Development or socio-economic reconstruction
No specific mention.
- National economic plan
No specific mention.
- Natural resources
No specific mention.
- International funds
No specific mention.
- Business
No specific mention.
- Taxation
No specific mention.
- Banks
No specific mention.
Land, property and environment
- Land reform/rights
No specific mention.
- Pastoralist/nomadism rights
No specific mention.
- Cultural heritage
No specific mention.
- Environment
No specific mention.
- Water or riparian rights or access
No specific mention.
Security sector
- Security Guarantees
No specific mention.
- CeasefireSecurity sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provisionPage 1, 1.
The cease-fire shall be put into effect in the Republic of Croatia. It was agreed that the cease-fire should include the following points:
- end to the use of force;
- all armed units and all persons bearing arms shall immediately and unconditionally refrain from opening fire and halt all activities which might provoke armed clashes;
- all the parties in conflict shall immediately stop any further movements, save those aimed at withdrawal, in order to avoid direct contact and they shall withdraw from their present or earlier positions where hostilities were or are in progress;
- the parties in conflict in immediate contact shall disengage and withdraw to positions beyond the range of hand fire-weapons;
- mortars and other weaponry shall be withdrawn beyond the range of the parties earlier in conflict;
- all paramilitary forces (with the exception of police forces) and irregular units shall be disarmed and dissolved;
- the members of the Croatian National Guard shall be demobilised and the Yugoslav People's Army shall withdraw to barracks so that neither shall anticipate monitoring activities as noted in paragraph 2.
All parties agree to ensure the effective and immediate realization of the above quoted points of the cease fire.
Page 1, 2.
In order to ensure the comprehensive and effective control of the cease-fire, the signatories agree that supervision be carried out by the Yugoslav People's Army, the Croatian authorities and representatives of the Serbian population in Croatia involved in hostilities.
Page 1, 3.
The signatories also agree together with Yugoslav institutions that the Observer Mission of the EC and its member States should expand their present activities in order to be able to take part in the above mentioned monitoring of the implementation of the Agreement, in keeping with the provisions of the Memorandum on Understanding appended to this Agreement, submitted to the European Community and its member States. The signatories of this Agreement are pledged to guarantee the safety of the members of the Observer mission, especially by issuing precise orders that no unit or individual shall open fire on the Mission or in its vicinity.
Page 1, 4.
Any violation of the cease-fire will be reported to the Observer mission. - PolicePage 1, 1.
The cease-fire shall be put into effect in the Republic of Croatia. It was agreed that the cease-fire should include the following points:
...- all paramilitary forces (with the exception of police forces) and irregular units shall be disarmed and dissolved;... - Armed forcesPage 1, 1.
The cease-fire shall be put into effect in the Republic of Croatia. It was agreed that the cease-fire should include the following points:
...- the members of the Croatian National Guard shall be demobilised and the Yugoslav People's Army shall withdraw to barracks so that neither shall anticipate monitoring activities as noted in paragraph 2.... - DDRSecurity sector→DDR→Demilitarisation provisionsPage 1, 1.
The cease-fire shall be put into effect in the Republic of Croatia. It was agreed that the cease-fire should include the following points:
...- all paramilitary forces (with the exception of police forces) and irregular units shall be disarmed and dissolved;...- the members of the Croatian National Guard shall be demobilised and the Yugoslav People's Army shall withdraw to barracks so that neither shall anticipate monitoring activities as noted in paragraph 2.... - Intelligence services
No specific mention.
- Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forcesPage 1, 1.
The cease-fire shall be put into effect in the Republic of Croatia. It was agreed that the cease-fire should include the following points:
...- all paramilitary forces (with the exception of police forces) and irregular units shall be disarmed and dissolved;...- the members of the Croatian National Guard shall be demobilised and the Yugoslav People's Army shall withdraw to barracks so that neither shall anticipate monitoring activities as noted in paragraph 2....
Page 1, 2.
In order to ensure the comprehensive and effective control of the cease-fire, the signatories agree that supervision be carried out by the Yugoslav People's Army, the Croatian authorities and representatives of the Serbian population in Croatia involved in hostilities. - Withdrawal of foreign forces
No specific mention.
- Corruption
No specific mention.
- Crime/organised crime
No specific mention.
- Drugs
No specific mention.
- Terrorism
No specific mention.
Transitional justice
- Transitional justice general
No specific mention.
- Amnesty/pardon
No specific mention.
- Courts
No specific mention.
- Mechanism
No specific mention.
- Prisoner release
No specific mention.
- Vetting
No specific mention.
- Victims
No specific mention.
- Missing persons
No specific mention.
- Reparations
No specific mention.
- Reconciliation
No specific mention.
Implementation
- UN signatory
No specific mention.
- Other international signatoryFor the European Community and its member States: HANS VAN DEN BROEK
- Referendum for agreement
No specific mention.
- International mission/force/similarPage 1, 3.
The signatories also agree together with Yugoslav institutions that the Observer Mission of the EC and its member States should expand their present activities in order to be able to take part in the above mentioned monitoring of the implementation of the Agreement, in keeping with the provisions of the Memorandum on Understanding appended to this Agreement, submitted to the European Community and its member States. The signatories of this Agreement are pledged to guarantee the safety of the members of the Observer mission, especially by issuing precise orders that no unit or individual shall open fire on the Mission or in its vicinity.
Page 1, 4.
Any violation of the cease-fire will be reported to the Observer mission. - Enforcement mechanism
No specific mention.
- Related cases
No specific mention.
- SourceSnezana Trifunovska (ed.) Yugoslavia Through Documents: From Its Creation to Its Dissolution (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1994) pp. 334-335
CEASE-FIRE AGREEMENT
Belgrade, 1 September 1991
The signatories of this Agreement have decided the following:
1. The cease-fire shall be put into effect in the Republic of Croatia.
It was agreed that the cease-fire should include the following points:
- end to the use of force;
- all armed units and all persons bearing arms shall immediately and unconditionally refrain from opening fire and halt all activities which might provoke armed clashes;
- all the parties in conflict shall immediately stop any further movements, save those aimed at withdrawal, in order to avoid direct contact and they shall withdraw from their present or earlier positions where hostilities were or are in progress;
- the parties in conflict in immediate contact shall disengage and withdraw to positions beyond the range of hand fire-weapons;
- mortars and other weaponry shall be withdrawn beyond the range of the parties earlier in conflict;
- all paramilitary forces (with the exception of police forces) and irregular units shall be disarmed and dissolved;
- the members of the Croatian National Guard shall be demobilised and the Yugoslav People's Army shall withdraw to barracks so that neither shall anticipate monitoring activities as noted in paragraph 2.
All parties agree to ensure the effective and immediate realization of the above quoted points of the cease fire.
2. In order to ensure the comprehensive and effective control of the cease-fire, the signatories agree that supervision be carried out by the Yugoslav People's Army, the Croatian authorities and representatives of the Serbian population in Croatia involved in hostilities.
3. The signatories also agree together with Yugoslav institutions that the Observer Mission of the EC and its member States should expand their present activities in order to be able to take part in the above mentioned monitoring of the implementation of the Agreement, in keeping with the provisions of the Memorandum on Understanding appended to this Agreement, submitted to the European Community and its member States.
The signatories of this Agreement are pledged to guarantee the safety of the members of the Observer mission, especially by issuing precise orders that no unit or individual shall open fire on the Mission or in its vicinity.
4. Any violation of the cease-fire will be reported to the Observer mission.
Done at Belgrade on September 1, 1991, in the English language in ten copies
For the European Community and its member States:
HANS VAN DEN BROEK
For the Presidency of the SFRY, acting also in its capacity of Collective Supreme Commander of the
Armed Forces:
STIPE MESIC, PRESIDENT OF PRESIDENCY
For the Federal Executive Council:
ANTE MARKOVIC, PRESIDENT
For the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina:
ALIJA IZETBEGOVIC, PRESIDENT OF THE PRESIDENCY
For the Republic of Montenegro:
MOMIR BULATOVIC, PRESIDENT OF PRESIDENCY
For the Republic of Croatia:
FRANJO TUDJMAN, PRESIDENT
For the Republic of Macedonia:
KIRO GLIGOROV, PRESIDENT
For the Republic of Slovenia:
MILAN KUCAN, PRESIDENT OF THE PRESIDENCY
For the Republic of Serbia:
SLOBODAN MILOSEVIC, PRESIDENT