Humanitarian Appeal for Benghazi

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Country/entity
Libya
Region
Middle East and North Africa
Agreement name
Humanitarian Appeal for Benghazi
Date
16 Mar 2016
Agreement status
Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement
Yes
Agreement/conflict level
Intrastate/local conflict ( Libyan Conflicts (1969 - 1994) (2011 - ) )
Stage
Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature
Inter-group
Peace process
Libyan local processes
Parties
Halimah Abdelmatloub; Sherif Abuzakouk; Aisha Agouryl Abdalla Aguilah; Naeima Aissa; Nuri Al Abbar; Khaled Al Agily; Soliman Mahmud Al Bassi; Awad Ibrahim Al Brassi; Morad Al Honi; Abdeljalil Al Rhamouk; Ziad Ballam; Jamal Belnour; Abdulmenem Ben Dardf; Abubakr Buera; Amel Bugaguis; Eman Bugaguis; Fawzi Bukatef; Mohamed Bukheyt; Lamia Busedra; Ahmed Busneinah; Muhammed Faraj Doghaim; Aminah Drsy; Attiyah Edreinah; Mansour El Ammary; Fathallah El Barani; Salem El Barani; Abdulsalam Mohammed El Basyouni; Nisreenn El Bishari; Nouh Isbak El Fakhry; Issam El Fallah; Omelez El Farsi; Abdelsalam El Farsi; Anwar El Feitori; Mohamed El Ferjani; Ahmed El Gasir; Aminah El Gehani; Munem Mohammad El Gumati; Abdel Hamid El Khodar; Wanis El Mabrook; Emhamed El Magherby; Sheib El Majbari; Hussam El Majri; Abdulmenem Hassan El Manfi; Fadelallah El Mehdi; Khalil El Mismary; Moeimen El Obeidi; Giumma El Omami; Muftah Issa El Qatrani; Labib El Ramli; Mohamed El Senoussi; Jalah El Shweihdi; Marwan El Tashani; Mohamed El Taynaz; Ammani El Zwei; Mona Esswed; Abdelgader Gadoura; Allam Hassan; Abir Imneinah; Jamila Issaoui; Naeima Jebril; Mehdi Kashbur; Tarek Khalil Lamloum; Salem Lengui; Halima Magharby; Idriss Mismary; Esam Omeish; Mohamed Omeish; Tarek Awad Orfi; Abdulhafid Muftah Rajab; Nassralah Saadi; Merei Salem; Ali Sallabi; Issam Tajoury; Muhammad Ammari Zaid; Fawzi Zairi.
Third parties
-
Description
A Pre-pre-negotiation document establishing a common position among Civil Society Organisations in Benghazi, highlighting the importance of adhering to International Law, acquiring humanitarian aid for those in need, urging the importance of the right of return for Internally Displaced Persons; and working within the confines of Islam, among other matters.

Agreement document
LY_160316_Humanitarian Appeal for Benghazi.pdf | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth
Groups→Children/youth→Rhetorical
Page 1, 2) record that:
• over half the population of Benghazi are in urgent need of humanitarian assistance, especially women, children, and people with special needs;

Page 1, 5) believe that providing education for all Benghazi’s children and youth is critical if we are not to lose a whole generation;
Disabled persons
No specific mention.
Elderly/age
No specific mention.
Migrant workers
No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group
No specific mention.
Religious groups
No specific mention.
Indigenous people
No specific mention.
Other groups
No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons
Groups→Refugees/displaced persons→Rhetorical
Page 1, 2) record that:
... • thousands of displaced persons have found shelter throughout the country and abroad; families are unable to return to their homes because of the war, or have found them uninhabitable because of damage, mines or unexploded ordinance (UXO); people are living in conditions of utter depredation and are in urgent need of assistance, above all, healthcare and shelter;

Page 1, 3) stress the right of return for these displaced people to their city and homes in the shortest possible time;
Groups→Refugees/displaced persons→Substantive
Page 2, 3. As citizens of Benghazi, we call upon international humanitarian actors to:
... 2) increase and improve immediate assistance to populations in need, including the restoration of electricity to the city, the clearance of all UXO and mines to allow the safe return of those displaced, the provision of medical care to the population, and the provision of all forms of urgent assistance to Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) throughout the country;
Social class
No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender
Page 1, 1. We, the sons and daughters of Benghazi, protectors of the nation and its unity, coming from diverse backgrounds and sharing the common goal of saving our city and its population, unite behind this Humanitarian Appeal. We solemnly adopt this Appeal and:

Page 1, 2) record that:
• over half the population of Benghazi are in urgent need of humanitarian assistance, especially women, children, and people with special needs;
Men and boys
Gender→Men and boys→Gender neutral wording
Page 1, 1. We, the sons and daughters of Benghazi, protectors of the nation and its unity, coming from diverse backgrounds and sharing the common goal of saving our city and its population, unite behind this Humanitarian Appeal. We solemnly adopt this Appeal and:
LGBTI
No specific mention.
Family
No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general)
No specific mention.
State configuration
No specific mention.
Self determination
No specific mention.
Referendum
No specific mention.
State symbols
No specific mention.
Independence/secession
No specific mention.
Accession/unification
No specific mention.
Border delimitation
No specific mention.
Cross-border provision
No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed)
No specific mention.
Elections
No specific mention.
Electoral commission
No specific mention.
Political parties reform
No specific mention.
Civil society
Page 1, 2. Within the limits of our power and influence, we commit and call upon all others to:
... 3) respect the role played by the Libyan Red Crescent, municipal council, Benghazi Crisis Committees, and other Libyan Civil Society Organizations in providing humanitarian assistance;

Page 2, 3. As citizens of Benghazi, we call upon international humanitarian actors to:
1) provide life-saving humanitarian assistance without preconditions, discrimination or delay;
2) increase and improve immediate assistance to populations in need, including the restoration of electricity to the city, the clearance of all UXO and mines to allow the safe return of those displaced, the provision of medical care to the population, and the provision of all forms of urgent assistance to Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) throughout the country;
3) work in all areas affected by military operations to establish the conditions and agreements for the terms of this declaration to be effective;
4) coordinate to respond to the urgent humanitarian needs; and,
5) ensure that there is an urgent response to these critical needs.
Traditional/religious leaders
No specific mention.
Public administration
No specific mention.
Constitution
No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing
No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing
No specific mention.
Economic power sharing
No specific mention.
Military power sharing
No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general
Page 1, 7) condemn violations of IHL and Human Rights, particularly any targeting of civilians, residential areas, and vital civil infrastructure, inter alia hospitals, educational establishments and electricity plants; and

Page 1, 2. Within the limits of our power and influence, we commit and call upon all others to:
1) respect IHL and Human Rights, and remain loyal the principles of Islam and the values of coexistence;
Bill of rights/similar
No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation
Page 1, 6) demand that humanitarian assistance is not politicized and that all actors provide humanitarian assistance without discrimination in accordance with International Humanitarian Law (IHL);

Page 2, 2. Within the limits of our power and influence, we commit and call upon all others to:
... 4) establish the conditions under which humanitarian assistance may be provided safely to all the civilian population, in accordance with IHL;
Civil and political rights
Human rights and equality→Civil and political rights→Other
Page 1, 3) stress the right of return for these displaced people to their city and homes in the shortest possible time;
Socio-economic rights
No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship
No specific mention.
Democracy
No specific mention.
Detention procedures
No specific mention.
Media and communication
No specific mention.
Mobility/access
No specific mention.
Protection measures
No specific mention.
Other
No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI
No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions
No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law
No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions
No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts
No specific mention.
Prisons and detention
No specific mention.
Traditional Laws
No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction
Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Humanitarian assistance
Page 1, 6) demand that humanitarian assistance is not politicized and that all actors provide humanitarian assistance without discrimination in accordance with International Humanitarian Law (IHL);

Page 2, 3. As citizens of Benghazi, we call upon international humanitarian actors to:
1) provide life-saving humanitarian assistance without preconditions, discrimination or delay;
2) increase and improve immediate assistance to populations in need, including the restoration of electricity to the city, the clearance of all UXO and mines to allow the safe return of those displaced, the provision of medical care to the population, and the provision of all forms of urgent assistance to Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) throughout the country;
3) work in all areas affected by military operations to establish the conditions and agreements for the terms of this declaration to be effective;
4) coordinate to respond to the urgent humanitarian needs; and,
5) ensure that there is an urgent response to these critical needs.
Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Infrastructure and reconstruction
Page 1, 4) request the relevant Libyan authorities to undertake all efforts to facilitate the reconstruction of the city and provide compensation to those civilians adversely affected by the conflict;
National economic plan
No specific mention.
Natural resources
No specific mention.
International funds
Page 2, 3. As citizens of Benghazi, we call upon international humanitarian actors to:
1) provide life-saving humanitarian assistance without preconditions, discrimination or delay;
2) increase and improve immediate assistance to populations in need, including the restoration of electricity to the city, the clearance of all UXO and mines to allow the safe return of those displaced, the provision of medical care to the population, and the provision of all forms of urgent assistance to Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) throughout the country;
3) work in all areas affected by military operations to establish the conditions and agreements for the terms of this declaration to be effective;
4) coordinate to respond to the urgent humanitarian needs; and,
5) ensure that there is an urgent response to these critical needs.
Business
No specific mention.
Taxation
No specific mention.
Banks
No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights
No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights
No specific mention.
Cultural heritage
Land, property and environment→Cultural heritage→Intangible
Page 1, 2. Within the limits of our power and influence, we commit and call upon all others to:
1) respect IHL and Human Rights, and remain loyal the principles of Islam and the values of coexistence;
Environment
No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access
No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees
Page 1, 2) record that:
... • thousands of displaced persons have found shelter throughout the country and abroad; families are unable to return to their homes because of the war, or have found them uninhabitable because of damage, mines or unexploded ordinance (UXO); people are living in conditions of utter depredation and are in urgent need of assistance, above all, healthcare and shelter;

Page 1, 2. Within the limits of our power and influence, we commit and call upon all others to:
... 2) avoid collateral damage induced by the war and fighting;

Page 2, 2. Within the limits of our power and influence, we commit and call upon all others to:
... 5) provide security guarantees for humanitarian workers;
Ceasefire
No specific mention.
Police
No specific mention.
Armed forces
Page 2, 3. As citizens of Benghazi, we call upon international humanitarian actors to:
... 3) work in all areas affected by military operations to establish the conditions and agreements for the terms of this declaration to be effective;
DDR
No specific mention.
Intelligence services
No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces
No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces
No specific mention.
Corruption
No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime
No specific mention.
Drugs
No specific mention.
Terrorism
No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general
2. Within the limits of our power and influence, we commit and call upon all others to:
... 7) establish a system of transitional justice, adapted to the Libyan context, which will help heal the wounds of the victims of the conflict and facilitate social reconciliation and a return to stability.
Amnesty/pardon
No specific mention.
Courts
No specific mention.
Mechanism
No specific mention.
Prisoner release
No specific mention.
Vetting
No specific mention.
Victims
2. Within the limits of our power and influence, we commit and call upon all others to:
... 7) establish a system of transitional justice, adapted to the Libyan context, which will help heal the wounds of the victims of the conflict and facilitate social reconciliation and a return to stability.
Missing persons
No specific mention.
Reparations
No specific mention.
Reconciliation
2. Within the limits of our power and influence, we commit and call upon all others to:
... 7) establish a system of transitional justice, adapted to the Libyan context, which will help heal the wounds of the victims of the conflict and facilitate social reconciliation and a return to stability.

Implementation

UN signatory
No specific mention.
Other international signatory
No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement
No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar
No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism
No specific mention.
Related cases
No specific mention.
Source
Copy on file with author, courtesy of Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue.
Also available at https://www.hdcentre.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Humanitarian-Appeal-for-Benghazi-English-16-March-2016.pdf (Accessed on January 8, 2020; archived in the WaybackMachine)

1. Arabic and French versions of the Appeal available below / Versions arabe et française de cet Appel disponibles ci-dessous.

2. The list of those who have endorsed the Appeal as of 16 March 2016 is available at the end of this document /La liste des représentants ayant endossé cet Appel est disponible à la fin de ce document.

Humanitarian Appeal for Benghazi

1. We, the sons and daughters of Benghazi, protectors of the nation and its unity, coming from diverse backgrounds and sharing the common goal of saving our city and its population, unite behind this Humanitarian Appeal.

We solemnly adopt this Appeal and:

1) express the utmost alarm at the suffering which the people of Benghazi have endured over the last years, during which all aspects of normal life have been disrupted, and during which the majority of the population have lost their possessions, their homes and, above all, their loved ones;

2) record that:

• over half the population of Benghazi are in urgent need of humanitarian assistance, especially women, children, and people with special needs;

• thousands of displaced persons have found shelter throughout the country and abroad;

families are unable to return to their homes because of the war, or have found them uninhabitable because of damage, mines or unexploded ordinance (UXO);

people are living in conditions of utter depredation and are in urgent need of assistance, above all, healthcare and shelter;

3) stress the right of return for these displaced people to their city and homes in the shortest possible time;

4) request the relevant Libyan authorities to undertake all efforts to facilitate the reconstruction of the city and provide compensation to those civilians adversely affected by the conflict;

5) believe that providing education for all Benghazi’s children and youth is critical if we are not to lose a whole generation;

6) demand that humanitarian assistance is not politicized and that all actors provide humanitarian assistance without discrimination in accordance with International Humanitarian Law (IHL);

7) condemn violations of IHL and Human Rights, particularly any targeting of civilians, residential areas, and vital civil infrastructure, inter alia hospitals, educational establishments and electricity plants;

and

8) commit to using all of our influence, within our power and limitations, to ensuring that all aspects of this Appeal are respected.

2. Within the limits of our power and influence, we commit and call upon all others to:

1) respect IHL and Human Rights, and remain loyal the principles of Islam and the values of coexistence;

2) avoid collateral damage induced by the war and fighting;

3) respect the role played by the Libyan Red Crescent, municipal council, Benghazi Crisis Committees, and other Libyan Civil Society Organizations in providing humanitarian assistance;

Humanitarian Appeal for Benghazi

4) establish the conditions under which humanitarian assistance may be provided safely to all the civilian population, in accordance with IHL;

5) provide security guarantees for humanitarian workers;

6) work towards social peace, based upon tolerance and according to the principles of moderate Islam, which rejects all forms of radicalism;

and,

7) establish a system of transitional justice, adapted to the Libyan context, which will help heal the wounds of the victims of the conflict and facilitate social reconciliation and a return to stability.

3. As citizens of Benghazi, we call upon international humanitarian actors to:

1) provide life-saving humanitarian assistance without preconditions, discrimination or delay;

2) increase and improve immediate assistance to populations in need, including the restoration of electricity to the city, the clearance of all UXO and mines to allow the safe return of those displaced, the provision of medical care to the population, and the provision of all forms of urgent assistance to Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) throughout the country;

3) work in all areas affected by military operations to establish the conditions and agreements for the terms of this declaration to be effective;

4) coordinate to respond to the urgent humanitarian needs;

and,

5) ensure that there is an urgent response to these critical needs.

May God protect Benghazi and all its children.

List of Endorsers

Those who have endorsed the Appeal, include the following (in alphabetical order, by last name):

First Name Last name

Halimah

Abdelmatloub

Sherif

Abuzakouk

Aisha

Agoury

Abdalla

Aguilah

Naeima

Aissa

Kuri

Al Abbar

Khaled

Al Agily

Soliman Mahmud

Al Brassi

Awad Ibrahim

Al Brassi

Morad

Al Honi

Abdeljalil

Al Rhamouk

Ziad

Ballam

Jamal

Belnour

Abdulmenem

Ben Dardf

Abubakr

Buera

Amel

Bugaguis

Eman

Bugaguis

Fawzi

Bukatef

Mohamed

Bukheyt

Lamia

Busedra

Ahmed

Busneinah

Muhammed Faraj

Doghaim

Aminah

Drsy

Attiyah

Edreinah

Mansour

El Ammary

Fathallah

El Barani

Salem

El Barani

Abdulsalam Mohammed

El Basyouni

Nisreen

El Bishari

Nouh Isbak

El Fakhry

Issam

El Fallah

Omelez

El Farsi

Abdelsalam

El Farsi

Anwar

El Feitori

Mohamed

El Ferjani

Ahmed

El Gasir

Aminah

El Gehani

Munem Mohammad

El Gumati

Abdel Hamid

El Khodar

Wanis

El Mabrook

Emhamed

El Magherby

Sheib

El Majbari

Hussam

El Majri

Abdulmenem Hassan

El Manfi

Fadelallah

El Mehdi

Khalil

El Mismary

Moeimen

El Obeidi

Giumma

El Omani

Muftah Issa

El Qatrani

Labib

El Ramli

Mohamed

El Senoussi

Jalah

El Shweidi

Marwan

El Tashani

Mohamed

El Taynaz

Ammani

El Zwei

Mona

Esswed

Abdelgader

Gadoura

Allam

Hassan

Abir

Imneinah

Jamila

Issaoui

Naeima

Jebril

Mehdi

Kashbur

Tarek Khalil

Lamloum

Salem

Langui

Halima

Magharby

Idriss

Mismary

Esam

Omeish

Mohamed

Omeish

Tarek Awad

Orfi

Abdulhafid Muftah

Rajab

Nassralah

Saadi

Merei

Salem

Ali

Sallabi

Issam

Tajoury

Muhammad Ammari

Zaid

Fawzi

Zairi