Comunicado Publico: Declaracion de San Jose de Costa Rica

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Country/entity: Colombia
Region: Americas
Agreement name: Comunicado Publico: Declaracion de San Jose de Costa Rica
Date: 18 Oct 2000
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Colombian Conflict (1964 - )
The Colombian conflict is really a set of conflicts and the peace agreements reflect both different processes relating to different conflict groups and dyads, and processes taking place at different times in a complex peace process history. The Colombian civil war has its roots in the late 1940s and the violent infighting between liberal and the conservative factions. Emerging from the liberal tradition with a thorough grounding in nationalist communist ideology, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army (FARC) began its armed insurrection against the Colombian government in 1964. Other left-wing guerrillas emerged as well, most notably the socialist/populist M-19, which would later be integrated into the formal political system in the peace process of 1990s; the National Liberation Army (ELN), which has strong roots in liberation theology, and the Maoist Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL) (also part of the 1990 process, less successfully). Several stages of peace processes were undertaken by the various sides, which were further complicated by the emergence of right-wing paramilitary ‘self-defence’ forces. The peace agreement between the Colombian government under President Uribe and the main alliance of the paramilitary groups, the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), concluded in 2005 and is still heavily disputed as several remnants are still active, but now subsumed under the heading ‘Bacrim’ (Bandas criminales). In addition, FARC and ELN maintain a military presence, but both demonstrate a strong interest in completing successful peace negotiations with the government, with the most recent agreements being between FARC and the Government.
Stage: Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature: Government
Peace process: Colombia III - Arango
Parties: Document not signed, but stated to be a declaration of a meeting of National Government, sectors of Civil Society, the ELN, and the International Community
Third parties: -
Description: A public declaration of a meeting of the national government, sectors of civil society, the ELN and the International community, reiterating a commitment to the process with the National Government the FARC and the ELN, and noting the importance of civil society involvement, and the urgency of resolving the conflict, noting the international support for the peace process.

Agreement document: CO_001018_Comunicado Publico- Declaracion de San Jose de Costa Rica - tr.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: Page 1,
We recognise the importance of the forum for dialogue created by this meeting of the national government, sectors of civil society, ELN and the international community. We emphasise building consensuses and the existence of disagreements in this democratic exercise, and undertake to study the corresponding reports and continue the public analysis of the issues we have debated.
We declare the urgency for the parties in conflict to reach immediately applicable and verifiable humanitarian agreements as soon as possible.
We value the presence and cooperation of the international community for peace in Colombia in the context of sovereignty, democratic participation and social development.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: Page 1,
We recognise the importance of the forum for dialogue created by this meeting of the national government, sectors of civil society, ELN and the international community. We emphasise building consensuses and the existence of disagreements in this democratic exercise, and undertake to study the corresponding reports and continue the public analysis of the issues we have debated.
We declare the urgency for the parties in conflict to reach immediately applicable and verifiable humanitarian agreements as soon as possible.
We value the presence and cooperation of the international community for peace in Colombia in the context of sovereignty, democratic participation and social development.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: No specific mention.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: Center for International Policy, the original website is archived at https://adamisacson.com/files/old_cip_colombia/oct1800.htm (Accessed on January 8 2020, also archived on Wayback Machine)

PUBLIC COMMUNICATION:

DECLARATION OF SAN JOSÉ, COSTA RICA

18 October 2000

We reiterate our support for and commitment to the political and negotiated solution to the armed conflict and fully back the processes underway with both the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia – People’s Army (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia – Ejército Popular, FARC–EP) and the National Liberation Army (Ejército de Liberación Nacional, ELN).

We recognise the importance of the forum for dialogue created by this meeting of the national government, sectors of civil society, ELN and the international community.

We emphasise building consensuses and the existence of disagreements in this democratic exercise, and undertake to study the corresponding reports and continue the public analysis of the issues we have debated.

We declare the urgency for the parties in conflict to reach immediately applicable and verifiable humanitarian agreements as soon as possible.

We value the presence and cooperation of the international community for peace in Colombia in the context of sovereignty, democratic participation and social development.