Gogrial Agreement (between Twic, Aweil East, Aweil South and Gogrial West Counties)

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Country/entity: South Sudan
Region: Africa (excl MENA)
Agreement name: Gogrial Agreement (between Twic, Aweil East, Aweil South and Gogrial West Counties)
Date: 13 Jul 2013
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/local conflict
Sudan Conflicts (1955 - )
Agreements relate to several distinct dyads, and also the negotiated independence of South Sudan, and subsequent internal conflict in South Sudan. Sudan-South Sudan. The long-standing conflict between the north and the south of the country dates back to colonial times, where the British introduced a so-called ‘Southern Policy’, severely hampering population movements between these big regions. Immediately after gaining independence in 1956, southern movements started to fight for independence; this fight became professionalised in 1983 with the foundation of the soon internationally supported Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA). When the Islamic Front government introduced strict sharia laws in the south after it took over power in 1988 the war intensified. A decade later, the military situation reached a stalemate, enabling internationally facilitated peace negotiations to begin in 1997. After more fighting, a final negotiation push began in 2002, leading to the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Areement (CPA) in January 2005.

Sudan-South Sudan post referendum. South Sudan became independent in July 2011; since then, relations between the two countries are complicated and violent conflict led by the SPLM (North) in the Sudanese Nuba mountains region has since intensified.

Darfur. Other long-standing violent conflicts are in the east and the west of the country. In the east, the Beja Congress, established in 1957, is the spearhead of a currently ‘peaceful’ opposition movement. In the west, the violent conflict in Darfur intensified in the early 2000s and rapidly gained international attention, even resulting in genocide charges against leading figures of the Sudanese government. The situation on the ground is complex, with over a dozen organisations (most notably the Sudanese Liberation Movement and the Justice and Equality Movement) fighting the Sudanese government and allied groups like the Janjaweed – although all parties have switched sides on numerous occasions. Several mediation attempts have not been successful, due to the shaky commitment of the Sudanese central government and the distrust among the armed opposition.

South Sudan - internal
In December 2013, after president Salva Kiir accused opposition leader Riek Machar of attempting a coup, violent conflict broke out between government forces of the SPLM/A and anti-governmental groups. In addition, several other political militias as well as communal militias have joined the conflict. In 2015 the Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in South Sudan (ARCSS) was signed. Due to unsuccessful implementation the agreement was revitalized in 2018. In September 2019, Kiir and Machar agreed to establish a power-sharing government after struggles on forming a unity transitional government.
Stage: Framework/substantive - partial
Conflict nature: Inter-group
Peace process: South Sudan: Post-secession Local agreements
Parties: Four counties of Warrap State and Northern Bahr el Ghazal States (being Twic, Aweil East, Aweil South and Gogrial West;

Aweil South County
1. Paramount Chief – Piol Geng Ariath [Signed]
2. Paramount Chief – Luis Deng Dut Jok [Signed]
3. Paramount Chief Ayom Akol Wek [Signed]
4. Women Rep Achol Athian Athian [Signed]

Aweil East County
5. Ngong Deng Ngong - Paramount Chief [Signed]
6. Garand Rual Deng - Paramount Chief [Signed]
7. Atem Geng Atem - Paramount Chief [Not Signed]
8. Arol Kuol Makuac - Paramount Chief [Signed]
9. Deng Pioth Yai - Paramount Chief [Signed]
10. Lual Malong Yor - Paramount Chief [Signed]
11. Amet Maboir Yel – Executive Chief [Signed]
12. Akoon Tong Akoon – Executive Chief [Not Signed]
13. Ngong Chan AKOL – Youth Leader [Signed]

Twic County
14. Longar Awic Ayuel – Paramount Chief [Signed]
15. Garangdit Nyuol Bok – Paramount Chief [Signed]
16. Awan Gak Ajak – Paramount Chief [Signed]
17. Malek Malek Deng – Paramount Chief [Signed]
18. Lual Lial – Paramount Chief [Finger print]
19. Atem Choi Atem – Paramount Chief [Signed]
20. Aguek Matiop Mulo – Women Rep. [Signed]
21. Salva Nyuol Mathian – Youth Rep. [Signed]

Gogrial West County
22. Aru Luac Korr – Executive Chief [Signed]
23. Malual Dut Akon – Executive Chief [Signed]
24. Chan Mawwien Akol – Executive Chief [Finger Print]
25. Mathuc Bol Kuol – Executive Chief [Signed]
26. Aur Mayuot Akol – Women Rep. [Signed]
27. Angelo Aguok Kur Aguok – Youth Rep. [Signed]
28. Manyuat Deng Nhommuot – Ex-Chief [Signed]
29. Ayom Wek Kuanyin – Paramount Chief [Finger Print]
30. Monydeng Akok Wol – Ex-Chief [Signed]
Third parties: Witnesses:
1. Hon. Makuc Aru Luac – Commission, Gogrial West County [Signed]
2. Hon. Wet Kiir Awet – Commissioner, Aweil East County [Signed]
3. Hon. Malek Riing Makuei – Commissioner, Twic County [Signed]
4. Hon. Jel Mongok Jel – Commissioner, Aweil South County [Signed]
Description: 13-point agreement between 4 counties of Bahr el Ghazal and Warrap states in South Sudan outlining a commitment to peace, recommending the creation of an arbitration body, recommending the formation of courts to resolve disputes that cannot be arbitrated, commit to sharing common local resources, recomment establishment of police posts in conflict prine areas and call on the disemmination of this agreement over radio. Lastly the agreement calls for specific penalties for murder, homicide and cattle rustling.

Agreement document: SS_130713_Gogrial Agreement.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: Page 2, Signatories:
Aweil South County
... 4. Women Rep Achol Athian Athian [Signed]

Page 3, Signatories:
Twic County
... 20. Aguek Matiop Mulo – Women Rep. [Signed]
Gogrial West County
... 26. Aur Mayuot Akol – Women Rep. [Signed]
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: Page 1, Four counties joint position and action points/recommendations and resolution:
... 8. The counties called on the two governors of Warrap and NBeG [North Bahr el Ghazal] states and religious leaders as well as civil society to support the implementation of these resolutions to relief communities from these problems.
Traditional/religious leaders: [Summary] The majority of signatories are paramount chiefs, executive chiefs or ex-chiefs.

Page 1, Four counties joint position and action points/recommendations and resolution:
... 2. The four counties unanimously recommend the institution of arbitration body (Committee) to look into the issue of contested areas and held advice (sic) the counties on modalities for peace coexistent using historical facts and mediated by paramount chiefs.

Page 1, Four counties joint position and action points/recommendations and resolution:
... 6. The counties call on the chiefs, payam adminstrators and Commissioners to take the lead in investing in the culture of peace coexistence, cooperation and improve strong administrative relations through regular communication meetings.

Page 1, Four counties joint position and action points/recommendations and resolution:
... 7. The counties recommend the dissemination of the peace resolutions and recommendations using community radios (eg. Mayardit, Nhomlaau FM etc) as well (sic) religious institutions, government institutions and places of social gatherings

Page 1, Four counties joint position and action points/recommendations and resolution:
... 8. The counties called on the two governors of Warrap and NBeG [North Bahr el Ghazal] states and religious leaders as well as civil society to support the implementation of these resolutions to relief communities from these problems.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: Power sharing→Territorial power sharing→Other
Page 1, Four counties joint position and action points/recommendations and resolution:
... 3. The counties recommend the formation of joint courts to settle judicial matters that involve the four counties, which are not resolved by the committee.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: Rights related issues→Media and communication→Other
Page 1, Four counties joint position and action points/recommendations and resolution:
... 7. The counties recommend the dissemination of the peace resolutions and recommendations using community radios (eg. Mayardit, Nhomlaau FM etc) as well (sic) religious institutions, government institutions and places of social gatherings
Mobility/access: Page 1, Four counties joint position and action points/recommendations and resolution:
... 4. The four counties affirmed their readiness to share common local resources including Toc-Choi, water points, fishing and grazing areas as well as guarantee the free movement of peace and trade with less restrictions or unnecessary taxes.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: Justice sector reform→Criminal justice and emergency law→Reform to specific laws
Page 2, Four counties joint position and action points/recommendations and resolution:
… 9. The counties resolute that the crime of cattle theft/rustling should be met with punishment of both 3 years and equivalent of 5,000 SSP or 5 years all together in the event of failure to pay the above amount.
10. The counties resolute that the crimes of murder intentionally deserves death penalty while the semi homicide deserves compensation in form of blood price.
11. The sale of cattle and driving should be regulated and cattle camp should move during the day time unless the security necessitates.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: Page 1, Four counties joint position and action points/recommendations and resolution:
... 3. The counties recommend the formation of joint courts to settle judicial matters that involve the four counties, which are not resolved by the committee.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: Page 1, Four counties joint position and action points/recommendations and resolution:
... 4. The four counties affirmed their readiness to share common local resources including Toc-Choi, water points, fishing and grazing areas as well as guarantee the free movement of peace and trade with less restrictions or unnecessary taxes.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: Page 2, Four counties joint position and action points/recommendations and resolution:
... 11. The sale of cattle and driving should be regulated and cattle camp should move during the day time unless the security necessitates.
Taxation: Socio-economic reconstruction→Taxation→Reform of taxation
Page 1, Four counties joint position and action points/recommendations and resolution:
... 4. The four counties affirmed their readiness to share common local resources including Toc-Choi, water points, fishing and grazing areas as well as guarantee the free movement of peace and trade with less restrictions or unnecessary taxes.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: Land, property and environment→Land reform/rights→Land reform and management
Page 1, Four counties joint position and action points/recommendations and resolution:
... 2. The four counties unanimously recommend the institution of arbitration body (Committee) to look into the issue of contested areas and held advice (sic) the counties on modalities for peace coexistent using historical facts and mediated by paramount chiefs.

Page 1, Four counties joint position and action points/recommendations and resolution:
... 4. The four counties affirmed their readiness to share common local resources including Toc-Choi, water points, fishing and grazing areas as well as guarantee the free movement of peace and trade with less restrictions or unnecessary taxes.

Page 2, Four counties joint position and action points/recommendations and resolution:
... 12. The Counties resolute that any farmer who wants to go to Toc-Choi farming area should go through the local authorities seeking permission.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: [Summary] Conflict pertains to land use dispute of Toc-Choi farming area.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: Page 1, Four counties joint position and action points/recommendations and resolution:
... 4. The four counties affirmed their readiness to share common local resources including Toc-Choi, water points, fishing and grazing areas as well as guarantee the free movement of peace and trade with less restrictions or unnecessary taxes.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: Page 1, Four counties joint position and action points/recommendations and resolution:
1. Four counties positions acknowledging the importance of peace, stability and good relations based on amicable neighbourliness. In this regards, the counties affirm their commitment to protect and preserve coexistence and vowed to stick to the principles of maintaining peace with neighbours and mutual security.
Ceasefire: No specific mention.
Police: Page 1, Four counties joint position and action points/recommendations and resolution:
... 5. Establishment of police posts in controversial or disputes (sic) prone areas.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: Transitional justice→Reparations→Material reparations
Page 2, Four counties joint position and action points/recommendations and resolution:
… 10. The counties resolute that the crimes of murder intentionally deserves death penalty while the semi homicide deserves compensation in form of blood price.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: Page 2, Four counties joint position and action points/recommendations and resolution:
... 13. The Four County Commissioners will monitor and implement this resolution.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: Page 11, Episcopal Church of South Sudan, Diocese of Wau, http://www.wau.anglican.org/index.php?PageID=peacedeal

Republic of South Sudan

Four counties of Warrap State and Northern Bahr el Ghazal States (being Twic, Aweil East, Aweil South and Gogrial West)

Conflict Prevention and Mitigation Dialogue

Date:

12-13 July 2013

Venue:

Gogrial West County Headquarter, Saturday 13th July 2013

Four counties joint position and action points/recommendations and resolution:

Four counties positions acknowledging the importance of peace, stability and good relations based on amicable neighbourliness.

In this regards, the counties affirm their commitment to protect and preserve coexistence and vowed to stick to the principles of maintaining peace with neighbours and mutual security.

The four counties unanimously recommend the institution of arbitration body (Committee) to look into the issue of contested areas and held advice (sic) the counties on modalities for peace coexistent using historical facts and mediated by paramount chiefs.

The counties recommend the formation of joint courts to settle judicial matters that involve the four counties, which are not resolved by the committee.

The four couties affirmed their readiness to share common local resources including Toc-Choi, water points, fishing and grazing areas as well as guarantee the free movement of peace and trade with less restrictions or unnecessary taxes.

Establishment of police posts in controversial or disputes (sic) prone areas.

The counties call on the chiefs, payam adminstrators and Commissioners to take the lead in investing in the culture of peace coexistence, cooperation and improve strong administrative relations through regular communication meetings.

The counties recommend the dissemination of the peace resolutions and recommendations using community radios (eg.

Mayardit, Nhomlaau FM etc) as well (sic) religious institutions, government institutions and places of social gatherings

The counties called on the two governors of Warrap and NBeG [North Bahr el Ghazal] states and religious leaders as well as civil society to support the implementation of these resolutions to relief communities from these problems.

The counties resolute that the crime of cattle theft/rustling should be met with punishment of both 3 years and equivalent of 5,000 SSP or 5 years all together in the event of failure to pay the above amount.

The counties resolute that the crimes of murder intentionally deserves death penalty while the semi homicide deserves compensation in form of blopd price.

The sale of cattle and driving should be regulated and cattle camp should move during the day time unless the security necessitates.

The Counties resolute that any farmer who wants to go to Toc-Choi farming area should go through the local authorities seeking permission.

The Four County Commissioners will monitor and implement this resolution.

Signatories:

Aweil South County

Paramount Chief – Piol Geng Ariath [Signed]

Paramount Chief – Luis Deng Dut Jok [Signed]

Paramount Chief Ayom Akol Wek [Signed]

Women Rep Achol Athian Athian [Signed]

Aweil East County

Ngong Deng Ngong - Paramount Chief [Signed]

Garand Rual Deng - Paramount Chief [Signed]

Atem Geng Atem - Paramount Chief [Not Signed]

Arol Kuol Makuac - Paramount Chief [Signed]

Deng Pioth Yai - Paramount Chief [Signed]

Lual Malong Yor - Paramount Chief [Signed]

Amet Maboir Yel – Executive Chief [Signed]

Akoon Tong Akoon – Executive Chief [Not Signed]

Ngong Chan AKOL – Youth Leader [Signed]

Twic County

Longar Awic Ayuel – Paramount Chief [Signed]

Garangdit Nyuol Bok – Paramount Chief[Signed]

Awan Gak Ajak – Paramount Chief [Signed]

Malek Malek Deng – Paramount Chief [Signed]

Lual Lial – Paramount Chief [Finger print]

Atem Choi Atem – Paramount Chief [Signed]

Aguek Matiop Mulo – Women Rep. [Signed]

Salva Nyuol Mathian – Youth Rep. [Signed]

Gogrial West County

Aru Luac Korr – Executive Chief [Signed]

Malual Dut Akon – Executive Chief [Signed]

Chan Mawwien Akol – Executive Chief [Finger Print]

Mathuc Bol Kuol – Executive Chief [Signed]

Aur Mayuot Akol – Women Rep.[Signed]

Angelo Aguok Kur Aguok – Youth Rep.[Signed]

Manyuat Deng Nhommuot – Ex-Chief[Signed]

Ayom Wek Kuanyin – Paramount Chief[Finger Print]

Monydeng Akok Wol – Ex-Chief [Signed]

Witnesses:

Hon. Makuc Aru Luac – Commission, Gogrial West County [Signed]

Hon. Wet Kiir Awet – Commissioner, Aweil East County[Signed]

Hon. Malek Riing Makuei – Commissioner, Twic County[Signed]

Hon. Jel Mongok Jel – Commissioner, Aweil South County[Signed]