Agreement between the Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia and the Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF) on the Termination of the State of Insurgency

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Country/entity
Ethiopia
Ogaden
Region
Africa (excl MENA)
Africa (excl MENA)
Agreement name
Agreement between the Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia and the Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF) on the Termination of the State of Insurgency
Date
12 Oct 2010
Agreement status
Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement
Yes
Agreement/conflict level
Intrastate/intrastate conflict ( Ethiopia's Territorial Conflicts (1990 - ) )
Stage
Framework/substantive - partial
Conflict nature
Government/territory
Peace process
Ogaden peace process
Parties
- For the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia: Dr. Shiferaw Teklemariam, Minister, Ministry of Federal Affairs
- Ogaden National Liberal Front (ONLF): Eng. Salahdin A. Maow, Chairman, Ogaden National Liberal Front (ONLF)
Third parties
-
Description
This short agreement terminates the state of insurgency in between the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia and the Ogaden National Liberal Front (ONLF). It provides for a ceasefire, amnesty, constitutional rights, integration and rehabilitation for ONLF members, right to return, and acceleration of development.

Agreement document
EH_101012_Ethiopian Gov. and ONLF on the Termination of the State of Insurgency.pdf | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth
No specific mention.
Disabled persons
No specific mention.
Elderly/age
No specific mention.
Migrant workers
No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group
Groups→Racial/ethnic/national group→Rhetorical
Page 1, Untitled Preamble:
...
Realizing that article 39 of the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia has given full right of self determination up to and including secession to all nations, nationalities and peoples of Ethiopia;...
Religious groups
Groups→Religious groups→Substantive
Page 2, Article 3: Constitutional Rights:
The Parties agree that ONLF leaders and members shall enjoy the constitutional rights enshrined in the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia that includes:
A. Freedom of Religion, Belief and Opinion.
Indigenous people
No specific mention.
Other groups
No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons
Groups→Refugees/displaced persons→Rhetorical
Page 3, Article 5: Right of Return:
The Parties agree that, as per Article 32 of the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, this agreement calls upon all the people who have left the country because of the past conflicts between the Parties to return to the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia and make valuable contributions to the on-going development process.
Social class
No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender
No specific mention.
Men and boys
No specific mention.
LGBTI
No specific mention.
Family
No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general)
No specific mention.
State configuration
No specific mention.
Self determination
Page 1, Untitled Preamble:
...
Realizing that article 39 of the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia has given full right of self determination up to and including secession to all
nations, nationalities and peoples of Ethiopia; and full fledged regional government established in the Somali region thereby laying legal and political framework for promoting equitable development and peaceful way of propagating alternative program;
Referendum
No specific mention.
State symbols
No specific mention.
Independence/secession
No specific mention.
Accession/unification
No specific mention.
Border delimitation
No specific mention.
Cross-border provision
No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed)
No specific mention.
Elections
No specific mention.
Electoral commission
No specific mention.
Political parties reform
No specific mention.
Civil society
No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders
No specific mention.
Public administration
No specific mention.
Constitution
Governance→Constitution→Constitution affirmation/renewal
Page 1, Untitled Preamble:
Further convinced of the fact that human and democratic rights enshrined in the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia had given substantial guarantees to the peoples of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia to acquire constitution rights in a peaceful manner;
Realizing that article 39 of the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia has given full right of self determination up to and including secession to all
nations, nationalities and peoples of Ethiopia; and full fledged regional government established in the Somali region thereby laying legal and political framework for promoting equitable development and peaceful way of propagating alternative program;

Page 2, Article 1: Article 1 Termination of the State of Insurgency:
...
3. The Parties agree that the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia shall be the basis for all rights demanded by the ONLF.
...
5. ONLF agrees to abide by the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia and all other laws of the country.

Page 2, Article 2: Amnesty:
The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia will extend amnesty to the leaders and members of the ONLF as stipulated by the constitution of the country and pardon proclamation.

Page 2, Article 3: Constitutional Rights:
The Parties agree that ONLF leaders and members shall enjoy the constitutional rights enshrined in the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia that includes:
A. Freedom of Religion, Belief and Opinion.
B. Right to Development.
C. Thought, Opinion and Expression.
D. Right to Property.
E. Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.

Power sharing

Political power sharing
No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing
No specific mention.
Economic power sharing
No specific mention.
Military power sharing
No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general
Page 1, Untitled Preamble:
...
Further convinced of the fact that human and democratic rights enshrined in the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia had given substantial guarantees to the peoples of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia to acquire constitution rights in a peaceful manner;

Page 2, Article 1: Article 1 Termination of the State of Insurgency:
...
3. The Parties agree that the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia shall be the basis for all rights demanded by the ONLF.
...
5. ONLF agrees to abide by the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia and all other laws of the country.
Bill of rights/similar
Page 2, Article 3: Constitutional Rights:
The Parties agree that ONLF leaders and members shall enjoy the constitutional rights enshrined in the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia that includes:
A. Freedom of Religion, Belief and Opinion.
B. Right to Development.
C. Thought, Opinion and Expression.
D. Right to Property.
E. Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.
Treaty incorporation
No specific mention.
Civil and political rights
Human rights and equality→Civil and political rights→Equality
Page 1, Untitled Preamble:
...
Realizing that article 39 of the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia has given full right of self determination up to and including secession to all
nations, nationalities and peoples of Ethiopia; and full fledged regional government established in the Somali region thereby laying legal and political framework for promoting equitable development and peaceful way of propagating alternative program;
Human rights and equality→Civil and political rights→Freedom of speech
The Parties agree that ONLF leaders and members shall enjoy the constitutional rights enshrined in the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia that includes:
...
C. Thought, Opinion and Expression.
Human rights and equality→Civil and political rights→Thought, opinion, conscience and religion
Page 2, Article 3: Constitutional Rights:
The Parties agree that ONLF leaders and members shall enjoy the constitutional rights enshrined in the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia that includes:
A. Freedom of Religion, Belief and Opinion.
...
C. Thought, Opinion and Expression.
...
E. Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.
Socio-economic rights
Human rights and equality→Socio-economic rights→Property
Page 2, Article 3: Constitutional Rights:
The Parties agree that ONLF leaders and members shall enjoy the constitutional rights enshrined in the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia that includes:
...
D. Right to Property.
Human rights and equality→Socio-economic rights→Other
Page 2, Article 3: Constitutional Rights:
The Parties agree that ONLF leaders and members shall enjoy the constitutional rights enshrined in the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia that includes:
...
B. Right to Development.
...
E. Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.

Page 3, Article 4 Resettlement and Rehabilitation:
...
2. All members of ONLF shall have the right to participate in the development process in all its aspects by joining the different institutions at both state and federal levels.

Rights related issues

Citizenship
Rights related issues→Citizenship→Citizens, specific rights
Page 1, Untitled Preamble:
...
Realizing that article 39 of the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia has given full right of self determination up to and including secession to all nations, nationalities and peoples of Ethiopia; and full fledged regional government established in the Somali region thereby laying legal and political framework for promoting equitable development and peaceful way of propagating alternative program;
Democracy
Page 1, Untitled Preamble:
...
Further convinced of the fact that human and democratic rights enshrined in the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia had given substantial guarantees to the peoples of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia to acquire constitution rights in a peaceful manner;
Detention procedures
No specific mention.
Media and communication
No specific mention.
Mobility/access
No specific mention.
Protection measures
No specific mention.
Other
Page 3, Article 5: Right of Return:
The Parties agree that, as per Article 32 of tbe constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, this agreement calls upon all the people who have left the country because of the past conflicts between the Parties to return to the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia and make valuable contributions to the on-going development process.

Rights institutions

NHRI
No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions
No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law
No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions
No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts
No specific mention.
Prisons and detention
No specific mention.
Traditional Laws
No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction
Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Socio-economic development
Page 1, Untitled Preamble:
...
Realizing that article 39 of the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia has given full right of self determination up to and including secession to all
nations, nationalities and peoples of Ethiopia; and full fledged regional government established in the Somali region thereby laying legal and political framework for promoting equitable development and peaceful way of propagating alternative program;

Page 2, Article 3: Constitutional Rights:
The Parties agree that ONLF leaders and members shall enjoy the constitutional rights enshrined in the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia that includes:
...
B. Right to Development.

Page 3, Article 4 Resettlement and Rehabilitation:
...
2. All members of ONLF shall have the right to participate in the development process in all its aspects by joining the different institutions at both state and federal levels.

Page 3, Article 5: Right of Return:
The Parties agree that, as per Article 32 of tbe constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, this agreement calls upon all the people who have left the country because of the past conflicts between the Parties to return to the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia and make valuable contributions to the on-going development process.

Page 3, Article 6: Acceleration of Development:
Recognizing the cumulative effects of underdevelopment, compounded by the destructive effects of insurgency and inst abi lity in the Somali region, the Parties agree to fully cooperate in enhancing the all round development of the Somali region.
National economic plan
No specific mention.
Natural resources
No specific mention.
International funds
No specific mention.
Business
No specific mention.
Taxation
No specific mention.
Banks
No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights
No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights
No specific mention.
Cultural heritage
No specific mention.
Environment
No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access
No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees
No specific mention.
Ceasefire
Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision
Page 1, Untitled Preamble:
...
Reaffirming the parties' adherence to the peace terms -Memorandum of Understanding- agreed upon in last meeting held in Washington D.C. USA on August 1, 2010 and the subsequent negotiations and meetings that were held since the declaration of ceasefire between the two parties;
Recognizing that the declaration of cease fire was a historic landmark in establishing long lasting peace and stability; and that it paves the way for the further development and advancement in all aspects of life;

Page 2, Article 1: Article 1 Termination of the State of Insurgency:
1. The state of insurgency which ONLF has been conducting in the Somali regional state of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia is hereby definitively terminated and peace is established.
...
4. The Parties agree that both have fulfilled their commitments in compliance with terms of cease fire agreed upon at Washington D.C. United States of America.
Police
No specific mention.
Armed forces
No specific mention.
DDR
Security sector→DDR→Demilitarisation provisions
Page 3, Article 4 Resettlement and Rehabilitation:
1. The Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia agrees to take appropriate arrangements for the reception and welcoming of the members of the ONLF
by allocating resources to provide for rehabilitation and assistance as well as implementing suitable measures for the members' integration in the society.
2. All members of ONLF shall have the right to participate in the development process in all its aspects by joining the different institutions at both state and federal levels.
Intelligence services
No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces
Page 2, Article 1: Article 1 Termination of the State of Insurgency:
1. The state of insurgency which ONLF has been conducting in the Somali regional state of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia is hereby definitively terminated and peace is established.
2. The Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia agrees to release the ONLF members who are in prisons.
3. The Parties agree that the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia shall be the basis for all rights demanded by the ONLF.
4. The Parties agree that both have fulfilled their commitments in compliance with terms of cease fire agreed upon at Washington D.C. United States of America.
5. ONLF agrees to abide by the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia and all other laws of the country.
6. The ONLF agrees to work together with the Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia to bring those the then ONLF remaining elements, who are not part of this proc ess, into the peace agreement.

Page 2, Article 2: Amnesty:
The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia will extend amnesty to the leaders and members of the ONLF as stipulated by the constitution of the country and pardon proclamation.

Page 2, Article 3: Constitutional Rights:
The Parties agree that ONLF leaders and members shall enjoy the constitutional rights enshrined in the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia that includes:
A. Freedom of Religion, Belief and Opinion.
B. Right to Development.
C. Thought, Opinion and Expression.
D. Right to Property.
E. Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.

Page 3, Article 4 Resettlement and Rehabilitation:
1. The Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia agrees to take appropriate arrangements for the reception and welcoming of the members of the ONLF
by allocating resources to provide for rehabilitation and assistance as well as implementing suitable measures for the members' integration in the society.
2. All members of ONLF shall have the right to participate in the development process in all its aspects by joining the different institutions at both state and federal levels.
Withdrawal of foreign forces
No specific mention.
Corruption
No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime
No specific mention.
Drugs
No specific mention.
Terrorism
No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general
No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon
Transitional justice→Amnesty/pardon→Amnesty/pardon proper
Page 2, Article 2: Amnesty:
The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia will extend amnesty to the leaders and members of the ONLF as stipulated by the constitution of the country and pardon proclamation.
Courts
No specific mention.
Mechanism
No specific mention.
Prisoner release
Page 2, Article 1: Article 1 Termination of the State of Insurgency:
2. The Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia agrees to release the ONLF members who are in prisons.
Vetting
No specific mention.
Victims
No specific mention.
Missing persons
No specific mention.
Reparations
No specific mention.
Reconciliation
No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory
No specific mention.
Other international signatory
No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement
No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar
No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism
No specific mention.
Related cases
No specific mention.
Source
http://www.somalia-aktuell.de/

AGREEMENT

BETWEEN

THE GOVERNMENT OF THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC

REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA

AND

THE OGADEN NATIONAL LIBERATION FRONT (ONLF)

ON THE TERMINATION OF THE STATE OF INSURGENCY

The Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia and the Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF) hereinafter referred to as the "Parties" ;

Firmly convinced of the need for strategic and comprehensive peace in the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia;

Reaffirming the parties' adherence to the peace terms-Memorandum of Understanding agreed upon in last meeting held in Washington D.C. USA on August 1, 2010 and the subsequent negotiations and meetings that were held since the declaration of ceasefire between the two parties;

Recognizing that the declaration of cease fire was a historic landmark in establishing long lasting peace and stability;

and that it paves the way for the further development and advancement in all aspects of life;

Further convinced of the fact that human and democratic rights enshrined in the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia had given substantial guarantees to the peoples of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia to acquire constitutional rights in a peaceful manner;

Realizing that article 39 of the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia has given full right of self determination up to and including secession to all nations, nationalities and peoples of Ethiopia;

and full fledged regional government is established in the Somali region thereby laying legal and political framework for [illegible word] equitable development and peaceful way of propagating alternate program;

Noting the agreement as a golden opportunity that will bring about a historical conciliation between the Parties which is a cornerstone for future progress and development that the people are in desperate need;

Inviting other parties concerned to join the peace process that had begun and overwhelmingly welcomed by the people at home and communities in Diaspora;

Have agreed as follows:

Article 1

Termination of the State of Insurgency

I. The state of insurgency which ONLF has been conducting in the Somali regional state of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia is hereby definitively terminated and peace is established.

2. The Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia agrees to release the ONLF members who are in prisons.

3. The Parties agree that the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia shall be the basis for all rights demanded by the ONLF.

4. The Parties agree that both have fulfilled their commitments in compliance with terms of ceasefire agreed upon at Washington D.C. United States of America.

5. ONLF agrees to abide by the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia and all other laws of the country.

6. The ONLF agrees to work together with the Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia to bring those the then ONLF remaining elements, who are not part of this process, into the peace agreement.

Article 2

Amnesty

The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia will extend amnesty to the leaders and members of the ONLF as stipulated by the constitution of the country and pardon proclamation.

Article 3

Constitutional Rights

The Parties agree that ONLF leaders and members shall enjoy the constitutional rights enshrined in the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia that includes:

Freedom of Religion, Belief and Opinion.

Right to Development.

Right of Thought, Opinion and Expression.

Right of Property.

Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.

Article 4

Resettlement and Rehabilitation

I. The Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia agrees to take appropriate arrangements for the reception and welcoming of the members of the ONLF by allocating resources to provide for rehabilitation and assistance as well as implementing suitable measures for the members ' integration in the society .

2. All members of ONLF shall have the right to participate in the development process in all its aspects by joining the different institutions at both state and federal levels.

Article 5

Right of Return

The Parties agree that, as per Article 32 of the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, this agreement calls upon all the people who have left the country because of the past conflicts between the Parties to return to the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia and make valuable contributions to the on-going development process.

Article 6

Acceleration of Development

Recognizing the cumulative effects of underdevelopment, compounded by the destructive effects of insurgency and instability in the Somali region, the Parties agree to fully cooperate in enhancing the all round development of the Somali region.

Article 7

Entry into Force

This Agreement shall come into force on the date of its signature and shall remain in force indefinite

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned, duly authorized by their respective authorities, have signed this Agreement.

Signed in Addis Ababa on this 12th day of the month of October in the year 2010 in two original copies in the English language, both texts being equally authentic:

For the Federal Democratic Ogaden National Liberation Front

Republic of (ONLF)

Ethiopia

_____________________________ _________________________________

Dr Shiferaw Teklemariam Eng.

Salahdin A. Maow

Minister, Ministry of Federal Chairman,

Affairs Ogaden National Liberation Front

(ONFL)