Accord de Ouadda

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Country/entity: Central African Republic
Region: Africa (excl MENA)
Agreement name: Accord de Ouadda
Date: 15 Aug 2020
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/local conflict
Central African Republic Conflicts (1996 - )
The Central African Republic conflict is one of a set of regionally connected conflicts addressed by the African Great Lakes process. After the country gained independence from France in 1960 it has been ruled by a sequence of autocratic leaders that principally gained power through coups. Since the mid-1990s several waves of internal conflict took place in the Central African Republic, primarily along tribal, and later-on increasingly sectarian, lines. In 1996 and 1997, French troops and soldiers from neighbouring countries intervened to end a mutiny in the capital, Bangui, by factions of the army. The fighting was predominantly along tribal lines, with southern tribes in revolt against the ‘northern’ government. A UN mission was installed in 1998 to secure the truce.
After General Bozizé took control of the country after several coup attempts in 2003, a ‘bush war’ began led by armed opposition forces. From late 2006 onward, government troops with French military support severely weakened the rebels. Following this, a number of agreements were signed during 2007-2008, but not all factions have accepted them. In 2011, Bozizé was re-elected in supposedly fraudulent elections, which resulted in a new wave of uprisings. Séléka, an alliance of northern rebel groups, took over parts of the country and forced Bozizé to agree to a power-sharing deal. However, after this agreement broke down, Séléka took control of Bangui and Bozizé had to flee the country in 2013. Leader of Séléka, Michel Djotodia, took office and officially disbanded Séléka. However, continual violence between ex-Séléka groups and opposing militias, collectively known as ‘anti-balaka’, persisted and Djotodia was forced to resign less than a year later. Catherine Samba-Panza was installed as interim president until Faustin Archange Touadéra was elected in January 2016. In February 2019 an agreement was signed between the government and fourteen armed groups, including ex-Seleka groups, committed to disarmament. However, violence between ex-Seleka groups and anti-balaka continues.
Stage: Ceasefire/related
Conflict nature: Inter-group
Peace process: CAR: Local Processes
Parties: The following military officials have signed this commitment:
CL ANAMO AHAMAT DAGACHE
COORDINATOR - BOURMA-GUIDJA
OUADDA CON-ZONE - HASSANE
COLONEL NARKOYO
COLONEL B13
Third parties: The following officials were witnesses:
THE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE ISLAMIC COMMITTEE OF BRIA -BRIA ISSAKHA-ABAKAR
THE PRESIDENT OF THE OUADDA ISLAMIC COMMITTEE - ABDOULAYE MAHAMOUD
THE MAYOR OF THE CITY OF OUADDA - [signature]
THE GREAT MOSQUE IMAM - [signature]
THE BORNOU MOSQUE IMAM - [signature]
WALDA CHEIKH DAHIYA - [signature]
HEAD OF THE GOULA - [signature]
HEAD OF THE SARA - [signature]
HEAD OF THE KARA OF BRIA - ADAM CHAIB
CMOP / MPC - ADAWI HASSAN
CTS / RPRC - YASSA ABDOULAYE
CTS / FPRC - ABDOULAYE MAHAMAT
HEAD OF THE ARABS - IBRAHIM ALMAHADI
MONITORING COMMITTEE- HADJIBANE HAMADINE, AMAT HASSANE DELEGE

Negotiated by the prefect of Haute-Kotto and with the support of MINUSCA
Description: Short agreement containing shared commitments between military officials of the city of Ouadda Maikaga, following the reconciliation between the Goula and Sara communities of Ouadda. They commit to securing the population on a non-discriminatory basis, free movement between the city center and Bornou districts, promoting return of displaced persons, and bringing Sara's military back into the chain of command.

Agreement document: CF_200815_Accord de Ouadda_tr.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): CF_200815_Accord de Ouadda.pdf (opens in new tab)| Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: Groups→Racial/ethnic/national group→Anti-discrimination
Page 1,
We, the military officials of the city of Ouadda Maikaga, following the reconciliation between the Goula and Sara communities of Ouadda, commit to:
1. Securing the entire population of Ouadda regardless of ethnicity, race, and religion.
Religious groups: Groups→Religious groups→Anti-discrimination
Page 1,
We, the military officials of the city of Ouadda Maikaga, following the reconciliation between the Goula and Sara communities of Ouadda, commit to:
1. Securing the entire population of Ouadda regardless of ethnicity, race, and religion.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: Groups→Refugees/displaced persons→Rhetorical
Page 1,
We, the military officials of the city of Ouadda Maikaga, following the reconciliation between the Goula and Sara communities of Ouadda, commit to:...
3. Promoting the return of displaced civilians to their neighborhoods and ensuring their safety.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: Page 1,
We, the military officials of the city of Ouadda Maikaga, following the reconciliation between the Goula and Sara communities of Ouadda, commit to:...
2. Allowing free movement between the city center and Bornou districts.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: No specific mention.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: Page 1,
We, the military officials of the city of Ouadda Maikaga, following the reconciliation between the Goula and Sara communities of Ouadda, commit to:
...
4. Bring Sara's military back within our military chain of command.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: On file with PSRP.

PREFECTURE OF HAUTE-KOTTO

OUADDA-MAIKAGA SUB-PREFECTURE

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

UNIT - DIGNITY - WORK

SECURITY COMMITMENT (Accord de Ouadda)

We, the military officials of the city of Ouadda Maikaga, following the reconciliation between the Goula and Sara communities of Ouadda, commit to:

Securing the entire population of Ouadda regardless of ethnicity, race, and religion.

Allowing free movement between the city center and Bornou districts.

Promoting the return of displaced civilians to their neighborhoods and ensuring their safety.

Bring Sara's military back within our military chain of command.

The following military officials have signed this commitment:

COORDINATOR

OUADDA CON-ZONE

The following officials were witnesses:

THE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE ISLAMIC COMMITTEE OF BRIA

THE PRESIDENT OF THE OUADDA ISLAMIC COMMITTEE

THE MAYOR OF THE CITY OF OUADDA

THE GREAT MOSQUE IMAM

THE BORNOU MOSQUE IMAM

WALDA CHEIKH DAHIYA

HEAD OF THE GOULA

HEAD OF THE SARA

HEAD OF THE KARA OF BRIA

CMOP / MPC

CTS / RPRC

CTS / FPRC

HEAD OF THE ARABS

MONITORING COMMITTEE

Negotiated by the prefect of Haute-Kotto and with the support of MINUSCA