Joint Agreement (Addis Ababa Agreement)

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Country/entity
Sudan
Region
Africa (excl MENA)
Agreement name
Joint Agreement (Addis Ababa Agreement)
Date
3 Sep 2020
Agreement status
Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement
Yes
Agreement/conflict level
Intrastate/intrastate conflict ( Sudan Conflicts (1955 - ) )
Stage
Framework/substantive - partial
Conflict nature
Government/territory
Peace process
Sudan Transition Process
Parties
Representatives from the Transitional Government of the Republic of Sudan and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement.

Signed by:

H.E. Abdalla Hamdok (Prime Minister of the Republic of the Sudan)

Abdalaziz Adam Alhilu (Chairman and Commander in Chief, Sudan People's Liberation Movement-North)
Third parties
-
Description
A short six point agreement reaffirming the national values of Sudan through reference to the constitution that respect political and social equalities for its citizens. The agreement calls for reform of state governance regarding political and religious freedoms and makes provisions for continued ceasefire between the parties until alternative security arrangements can be agreed and a transition can be made to a new form of governance which recognises the needs of people in the Nuba mountains and the Blue Nile region.

Agreement document
SD_030920_Addis Ababa Agreement.pdf | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth
No specific mention.
Disabled persons
No specific mention.
Elderly/age
No specific mention.
Migrant workers
No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group
Groups→Racial/ethnic/national group→Rhetorical
Page 1,
1. Sudan is a multi-racial. multi-ethnic, multi-religious and multi-cultural society. Full recognition and accommodation of these diversities must be affirmed.
Groups→Racial/ethnic/national group→Substantive
Page 1,
4. The people of Nuba Mountains and Blue Nile (the “Two Areas") retain the status quo which includes self-protection until security arrangements are agreed upon by the parties to the conflict and until “separation between religion and state" is actualized.
Religious groups
Groups→Religious groups→Rhetorical
Page 1,
1. Sudan is a multi-racial. multi-ethnic, multi-religious and multi-cultural society. Full recognition and accommodation of these diversities must be affirmed.
Groups→Religious groups→Anti-discrimination
Page 1,
3. A democratic state must be established in the Sudan. For Sudan to become a democratic country where the rights of all citizens are enshrined, the constitution should be based on the principle of "separation of religion and state” in the absence of which the right to self-determination must be respected. Freedom of belief and worship and religious practice shall be guaranteed in full to all Sudanese citizens. The state shall not establish an official religion. No citizen shall be discriminated against based on their religion.
Indigenous people
No specific mention.
Other groups
No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons
No specific mention.
Social class
No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender
No specific mention.
Men and boys
No specific mention.
LGBTI
No specific mention.
Family
No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general)
Page 1,
1. Sudan is a multi-racial, multi-ethnic, multi-religious and multi-cultural society. Full recognition and accommodation of these diversities must be affirmed.

Page 1,
2. Complete political and social equalities of all peoples in the Sudan must be guaranteed by law.

Page 1,
3. A democratic state must be established in the Sudan. For Sudan to become a democratic country where the rights of all citizens are enshrined, the constitution should be based on the principle of "separation of religion and state” in the absence of which the right to self-determination must be respected. Freedom of belief and worship and religious practice shall he guaranteed in full to all Sudanese citizens. The state shall not establish an official religion. No citizen shall be discriminated against based on their religion.
State configuration
Page 1,
4. The people of Nuba Mountains and Blue Nile (the “Two Areas") retain the status quo which includes self-protection until security arrangements are agreed upon by the parties to the conflict and until “separation between religion and state" is actualized.
Self determination
Page 1,
3. A democratic state must be established in the Sudan. For Sudan to become a democratic country where the rights of all citizens are enshrined, the constitution should be based on the principle of "separation of religion and state” in the absence of which the right to self-determination must be respected.
Referendum
No specific mention.
State symbols
No specific mention.
Independence/secession
No specific mention.
Accession/unification
No specific mention.
Border delimitation
No specific mention.
Cross-border provision
No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed)
No specific mention.
Elections
No specific mention.
Electoral commission
No specific mention.
Political parties reform
No specific mention.
Civil society
No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders
No specific mention.
Public administration
No specific mention.
Constitution
Governance→Constitution→Constitutional reform/making
Page 1,
3. A democratic state must be established in the Sudan. For Sudan to become a democratic country where the rights of all citizens are enshrined, the constitution should be based on the principle of "separation of religion and state” in the absence of which the right to self-determination must be respected...

Page 1,
6. The principle of appropriate and fair sharing of power and wealth among the various people of the Sudan must be realized through the constitution.

Power sharing

Political power sharing
No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing
Power sharing→Territorial power sharing→Autonomous regions
Page 1,
4. The people of Nuba Mountains and Blue Nile (the “Two Areas") retain the status quo which includes self-protection until security arrangements are agreed upon by the parties to the conflict and until “separation between religion and state" is actualized.
Economic power sharing
No specific mention.
Military power sharing
No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general
Page 1,
2. Complete political and social equalities of all peoples in the Sudan must be guaranteed by law.

Page 1,
3. A democratic state must be established in the Sudan. For Sudan to become a democratic country where the rights of all citizens are enshrined ...
Bill of rights/similar
No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation
No specific mention.
Civil and political rights
Human rights and equality→Civil and political rights→Equality
Page 1,
2. Complete political and social equalities of all peoples in the Sudan must be guaranteed by law.
Human rights and equality→Civil and political rights→Thought, opinion, conscience and religion
Page 1,
3. ... the right to self-determination must be respected. Freedom of belief and worship and religious practice shall he guaranteed in full to all Sudanese citizens. The state shall not establish an official religion. No citizen shall be discriminated against based on their religion.
Socio-economic rights
No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship
No specific mention.
Democracy
No specific mention.
Detention procedures
No specific mention.
Media and communication
No specific mention.
Mobility/access
No specific mention.
Protection measures
Rights related issues→Protection measures→Protection of groups
Page 1,
4. The people of Nuba Mountains and Blue Nile (the “Two Areas") retain the status quo which includes self-protection until security arrangements are agreed upon by the parties to the conflict and until “separation between religion and state" is actualized.
Other
No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI
No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions
No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law
No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions
No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts
No specific mention.
Prisons and detention
No specific mention.
Traditional Laws
No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction
No specific mention.
National economic plan
No specific mention.
Natural resources
No specific mention.
International funds
No specific mention.
Business
No specific mention.
Taxation
No specific mention.
Banks
No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights
No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights
No specific mention.
Cultural heritage
No specific mention.
Environment
No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access
No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees
Page 1,
4. The people of Nuba Mountains and Blue Nile (the “Two Areas") retain the status quo which includes self-protection until security arrangements are agreed upon by the parties to the conflict and until “separation between religion and state" is actualized.
Ceasefire
Security sector→Ceasefire→General commitments
Page 1,
5. The parties hereby agree to maintain cessation of hostilities throughout the peace process until the security arrangements are agreed upon.
Police
No specific mention.
Armed forces
No specific mention.
DDR
No specific mention.
Intelligence services
No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces
No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces
No specific mention.
Corruption
No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime
No specific mention.
Drugs
No specific mention.
Terrorism
No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general
No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon
No specific mention.
Courts
No specific mention.
Mechanism
No specific mention.
Prisoner release
No specific mention.
Vetting
No specific mention.
Victims
No specific mention.
Missing persons
No specific mention.
Reparations
No specific mention.
Reconciliation
No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory
No specific mention.
Other international signatory
No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement
No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar
No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism
No specific mention.
Related cases
No specific mention.
Source
https://twitter.com/KurMatiok/status/1302000896734310404/photo/1

Joint Agreement

We, representatives of the Transitional Government of the Republic of Sudan and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement — North, affirm the following principles:

1, Sudan is a multi-racial.

multi-ethnic, multi-religious and multi-cultural society.

Full recognition and accommodation of these diversities must be affirmed.

2. Complete political and social equalities of all peoples in the Sudan must be guaranteed by law.

3. A democratic state must be established in the Sudan.

For Sudan to become a democratic country where the rights of all citizens are enshrined, the constitution should be based on the principle of "separation of religion and state” in the absence of which the right to self-determination must be respected.

Freedom of belief and worship and religious practice shall he guaranteed in full to all Sudanese citizens.

The state shall not establish an official religion.

No citizen shall be discriminated against based on their religion.

4. The people of Nuba Mountains and Blue Nile (the “Two Areas") retain the status quo which includes self-protection until security arrangements are agreed upon by the parties to the conflict and until “separation between religion and state" is actualized.

5. The parties hereby agree to maintain cessation of hostilities throughout the peace process until the security arrangements are agreed upon.

6. The principle of appropriate and fair sharing of power and wealth among the various people of the Sudan must be realized through the constitution.

Signed at Addis Ababa this 3rd day of September 2020

H.E. Abdalla Hamdok

Prime Minister of the Republic of the Sudan

Abdalaziz Adam Alhilu

Chairman and C-in-C

Sudan People's Liberation Movement-North