Security Arrangements Clause in the Revitalised South Sudan Peace Agreement: Agreement on the Unification of the Supreme Command of the Forces
- Country/entity
-
South Sudan
- Region
-
Africa (excl MENA)
- Agreement name
- Security Arrangements Clause in the Revitalised South Sudan Peace Agreement: Agreement on the Unification of the Supreme Command of the Forces
- Date
- 3 Apr 2022
- Agreement status
- Multiparty signed/agreed
- Interim arrangement
- Yes
- Agreement/conflict level
- Intrastate/intrastate conflict
- Stage
- Framework/substantive - partial
- Conflict nature
- Government/territory
- Peace process
- South Sudan post-secession process
- Parties
-
[signature] On behalf of the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement - in Government,
Lieutenant General Tut Gatluak Manime
Adviser to the President of the Republic for Security Affairs
[signature] On behalf of the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement in - Opposition
pp. Dr Riek Machar Teny,
First Vice-President of the Republic
[signature] On behalf of the South Sudan Opposition Alliance (SSOA)
pp. Lieutenant General Hussein Abdul-Baqi Akol
Vice-President of the Republic - Third parties
-
Witnessed by:
General [signature]
pp. Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo Musa
First Deputy to the Chairman of the Transitional Sovereignty Council of the Republic of the Sudan - Description
- As part of security arrangements in the national revitalised peace agreement in South Sudan (R-ARCSS), this agreement sets out the steps for integrating opposition troops into the armed forces and army command, unifying supreme command of the forces. The short matrix agreement therefore provides for forms of military power-sharing, namely opposition movements putting forward candidates for joint command structures and merger of forces, as well as making provision for ceasefire monitoring and cessation of hostile media campaigns.
- Agreement document
- SS_220403_Agreement on the Unification of Command_EN (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
- Agreement document (original language)
- SS_220403_Agreement on the Unification of Command_PT.pdf (opens in new tab)
Groups
- Children/youth
No specific mention.
- Disabled persons
No specific mention.
- Elderly/age
No specific mention.
- Migrant workers
No specific mention.
- Racial/ethnic/national group
No specific mention.
- Religious groups
No specific mention.
- Indigenous people
No specific mention.
- Other groups
No specific mention.
- Refugees/displaced persons
No specific mention.
- Social class
No specific mention.
Gender
- Women, girls and gender
No specific mention.
- Men and boys
No specific mention.
- LGBTI
No specific mention.
- Family
No specific mention.
State definition
- Nature of state (general)
No specific mention.
- State configuration
No specific mention.
- Self determination
No specific mention.
- Referendum
No specific mention.
- State symbols
No specific mention.
- Independence/secession
No specific mention.
- Accession/unification
No specific mention.
- Border delimitation
No specific mention.
- Cross-border provision
No specific mention.
Governance
- Political institutions (new or reformed)
No specific mention.
- Elections
No specific mention.
- Electoral commission
No specific mention.
- Political parties reform
No specific mention.
- Civil society
No specific mention.
- Traditional/religious leaders
No specific mention.
- Public administration
No specific mention.
- Constitution
No specific mention.
Power sharing
- Political power sharing
No specific mention.
- Territorial power sharing
No specific mention.
- Economic power sharing
No specific mention.
- Military power sharing
- Power sharing→Military power sharing→Merger of forcesThe parties agreed, in culmination of the tireless and sincere efforts of the Government of Sudan and the leadership of South Sudan, upon the following:...Specification of the roles of the People’s Movement in Opposition and the Opposition Alliance (SSOA)....Issuing of a Republican Decree....Presidency of the Republic....One week....Graduation and distribution of forces....Completion of the graduation procedures, deployment and distribution of forces....Joint Defence Committee....A period not exceeding two months....Preparation for the second cohort of the unified forces....Completion of the preparation and transportation of the forces of the second cohort to the training camps....Joint Defence Committee....Within one month.Power sharing→Military power sharing→Joint command structuresThe parties agreed, in culmination of the tireless and sincere efforts of the Government of Sudan and the leadership of South Sudan, upon the following:1. The proposal to unify the Supreme Command of the Forces (attached)....Positions in the Unified Leadership....Submission of lists of names to occupy the agreed positions....The People’s Movement in Opposition and the Opposition Alliance (SSOA)....Within one week....Respect for the lists of candidates for the command staff and directors of the various forces’ departments submitted by the parties, taking into account standards and competence.
Human rights and equality
- Human rights/RoL general
No specific mention.
- Bill of rights/similar
No specific mention.
- Treaty incorporation
No specific mention.
- Civil and political rights
No specific mention.
- Socio-economic rights
No specific mention.
Rights related issues
- Citizenship
No specific mention.
- Democracy
No specific mention.
- Detention procedures
No specific mention.
- Media and communication
- Rights related issues→Media and communication→Media rolesThe parties agreed, in culmination of the tireless and sincere efforts of the Government of Sudan and the leadership of South Sudan, upon the following:...Media Escalation....Cessation of hostile media campaigns....All....Immediately....Necessity of holding violating parties to account.
- Mobility/access
No specific mention.
- Protection measures
No specific mention.
- Other
No specific mention.
Rights institutions
- NHRI
No specific mention.
- Regional or international human rights institutions
No specific mention.
Justice sector reform
- Criminal justice and emergency law
No specific mention.
- State of emergency provisions
No specific mention.
- Judiciary and courts
No specific mention.
- Prisons and detention
No specific mention.
- Traditional Laws
No specific mention.
Socio-economic reconstruction
- Development or socio-economic reconstruction
No specific mention.
- National economic plan
No specific mention.
- Natural resources
No specific mention.
- International funds
No specific mention.
- Business
No specific mention.
- Taxation
No specific mention.
- Banks
No specific mention.
Land, property and environment
- Land reform/rights
No specific mention.
- Pastoralist/nomadism rights
No specific mention.
- Cultural heritage
No specific mention.
- Environment
No specific mention.
- Water or riparian rights or access
No specific mention.
Security sector
- Security Guarantees
- The parties agreed, in culmination of the tireless and sincere efforts of the Government of Sudan and the leadership of South Sudan, upon the following:...2. A matrix to chart the course of the next stage of security arrangements (attached).
- Ceasefire
- Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provisionThe parties agreed, in culmination of the tireless and sincere efforts of the Government of Sudan and the leadership of South Sudan, upon the following:...Activation of the mechanisms of the revitalised peace agreement....Return of two representatives of the People’s Movement in Opposition to the various mechanisms in connection with the peace agreement and resumption of their activity....The People’s Movement in Opposition....Immediately....a. Monitoring of violations of the ceasefire.b. Confirmation of the cessation of hostilities.c. Funding of the implementation of the agreement....Hostilities....Confirmation of absolute commitment to the two agreements - Cessation of Hostilities 21 December 2017 and Ceasefire 27 June 2018....All....Immediately....a. Prohibition of preventive detention.b. Cessation of reciprocal attacks.c. Emphasis on what is stated in the text of the revitalised agreement, as follows:not to encourage divisions between the parties to the agreement.
- Police
No specific mention.
- Armed forces
- The parties agreed, in culmination of the tireless and sincere efforts of the Government of Sudan and the leadership of South Sudan, upon the following:...Graduation and distribution of forces....Completion of the graduation procedures, deployment and distribution of forces....Joint Defence Committee....A period not exceeding two months.
- DDR
No specific mention.
- Intelligence services
No specific mention.
- Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces
No specific mention.
- Withdrawal of foreign forces
No specific mention.
- Corruption
No specific mention.
- Crime/organised crime
No specific mention.
- Drugs
No specific mention.
- Terrorism
No specific mention.
Transitional justice
- Transitional justice general
No specific mention.
- Amnesty/pardon
No specific mention.
- Courts
No specific mention.
- Mechanism
No specific mention.
- Prisoner release
No specific mention.
- Vetting
No specific mention.
- Victims
No specific mention.
- Missing persons
No specific mention.
- Reparations
No specific mention.
- Reconciliation
No specific mention.
Implementation
- UN signatory
No specific mention.
- Other international signatory
No specific mention.
- Referendum for agreement
No specific mention.
- International mission/force/similar
No specific mention.
- Enforcement mechanism
No specific mention.
- Related cases
No specific mention.
- Source
No specific mention.
Source agreement
Security Arrangements Clause in the Revitalised South Sudan Peace Agreement
Agreement on the Unification of the Supreme Command of the Forces
On the basis of the historical and fraternal relationships between the Republic of South Sudan,
And the Republic of the Sudan, and arising out of the persistent efforts exerted by the Republic of the Sudan Supreme Command to achieve security and stability in the two brotherly countries in particular and all of the countries of the region.
The Sudanese mediation was headed by Lieutenant General Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, Vice President of the interim Sovereignty Council, in many intense meetings with the parties concerned in the implementation of the Security Arrangements clause of the revitalised South Sudan Peace Agreement which aimed to arrive at a unified wording to unify the forces’ Supreme Command,
The parties agreed, in culmination of the tireless and sincere efforts of the Government of Sudan and the leadership of South Sudan, upon the following:
1. The proposal to unify the Supreme Command of the Forces (attached).
2. A matrix to chart the course of the next stage of security arrangements (attached).
[illegible signatures]
Issued at Juba, Republic of South Sudan on this date, third of April 2022 CE,
[signature] On behalf of the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement - in Government, Lieutenant General Tut Gatluak Manime Adviser to the President of the Republic for Security Affairs
[signature] On behalf of the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement in - Opposition pp.
Dr Riek Machar Teny, First Vice-President of the Republic
[signature] On behalf of the South Sudan Opposition Alliance (SSOA) pp.
Lieutenant General Hussein Abdul-Baqi Akol Vice-President of the Republic
Witnessed by:
General [signature] pp.
Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo Musa First Deputy to the Chairman of the Transitional Sovereignty Council of the Republic of the Sudan
(*Note:
The following is the matrix to chart the course of the next stage of security arrangements.
This has been extracted from the matrix chart and put into list format for analysis.
To see information in the matrix chart format, see agreement.)
Subject:
Specification of the roles of the People’s Movement in Opposition and the Opposition Alliance (SSOA).
Action Required:
Issuing of a Republican Decree.
Implementing Body:
Presidency of the Republic.
Timeframe:
One week.
Notes:
None.
Subject:
Positions in the Unified Leadership.
Action Required:
Submission of lists of names to occupy the agreed positions.
Implementing Body:
The People’s Movement in Opposition and the Opposition Alliance (SSOA).
Timeframe:
Within one week.
Notes:
Respect for the lists of candidates for the command staff and directors of the various forces’ departments submitted by the parties, taking into account standards and competence.
Subject:
Activation of the mechanisms of the revitalised peace agreement.
Action Required:
Return of two representatives of the People’s Movement in Opposition to the various mechanisms in connection with the peace agreement and resumption of their activity.
Implementing Body:
The People’s Movement in Opposition.
Timeframe:
Immediately.
Notes:
a. Monitoring of violations of the ceasefire.
b. Confirmation of the cessation of hostilities.
c. Funding of the implementation of the agreement.
Subject:
Graduation and distribution of forces.
Action Required:
Completion of the graduation procedures, deployment and distribution of forces.
Implementing Body:
Joint Defence Committee.
Timeframe:
A period not exceeding two months.
Notes:
None.
Subject:
Preparation for the second cohort of the unified forces.
Action Required:
Completion of the preparation and transportation of the forces of the second cohort to the training camps.
Implementing Body:
Joint Defence Committee.
Timeframe:
Within one month.
Notes:
None.
Subject:
Hostilities.
Action Required:
Confirmation of absolute commitment to the two agreements - Cessation of Hostilities 21 December 2017 and Ceasefire 27 June 2018.
Implementing Body:
All.
Timeframe:
Immediately.
Notes:
a. Prohibition of preventive detention.
b. Cessation of reciprocal attacks.
c. Emphasis on what is stated in the text of the revitalised agreement, as follows:
not to encourage divisions between the parties to the agreement.
Subject:
Media Escalation.
Action Required:
Cessation of hostile media campaigns.
Implementing Body:
All.
Timeframe:
Immediately.
Notes:
Necessity of holding violating parties to account.