Governors Island Accord

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Country/entity
Haiti
Region
Americas
Agreement name
Governors Island Accord
Date
1 Jul 1993
Agreement status
Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement
Yes
Agreement/conflict level
Intrastate/intrastate conflict ( Haitian Political Crisis (1991 - ) )
Stage
Framework/substantive - partial
Conflict nature
Government
Peace process
Haitian peace process
Parties
Signed:

Jean-Bertrand Aristide, President of the Republic of Haiti

General Raoul Cédras, the Commander-in- Chief of the Armed Forces of Haiti
Third parties
[The document does not include any mention of third parties. UN mediator Dante Caputo was already coded on the database.]
Description
The agreement is about political dialogue and the necessary steps for the transition. It requests the suspension of sanctions and embargoes; the implementation of assistance through international cooperation; grants an amnesty; includes provisions for the police and the armed forces; and it specifies the date for the return of the president in exile.

Agreement document
HT_930703_GovernorsIslandAgreement.pdf | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth
No specific mention.
Disabled persons
No specific mention.
Elderly/age
No specific mention.
Migrant workers
No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group
No specific mention.
Religious groups
No specific mention.
Indigenous people
No specific mention.
Other groups
No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons
No specific mention.
Social class
No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender
No specific mention.
Men and boys
No specific mention.
LGBTI
No specific mention.
Family
No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general)
No specific mention.
State configuration
No specific mention.
Self determination
No specific mention.
Referendum
No specific mention.
State symbols
No specific mention.
Independence/secession
No specific mention.
Accession/unification
No specific mention.
Border delimitation
No specific mention.
Cross-border provision
No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed)
Governance→Political institutions (new or reformed)→General references
Page 1, 1: Organization, under the auspices of the United Nations and the Organization of American States (OAS), of a political dialogue between representatives of the political parties represented in the Parliament, with the participation of representatives of the Presidential Commission, in order to:
(a) Agree to a political truce and promote a social pact to create the conditions necessary to ensure a peaceful transition;
(b) Reach an agreement on the procedure for enabling the Haitian Parliament to resume its normal functioning;
(c) Reach an agreement enabling the Parliament to confirm the Prime Minister as speedily as possible; and
(d) Reach an agreement permitting the adoption of the laws necessary for ensuring the transition.

Page 1, 2: Nomination of a Prime Minister by the President of the Republic.

Page 1, 3: Confirmation of the Prime Minister by the legally reconstituted Parliament and his assumption of office in Haiti.

Page 2, 9: Return to Haiti of the President of the Republic, Jean-Bertrand Aristide, on 30 October 1993.
Elections
No specific mention.
Electoral commission
No specific mention.
Political parties reform
No specific mention.
Civil society
No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders
No specific mention.
Public administration
Page 1, 5: Implementation, following the agreements with the constitutional Government, of international cooperation:
[...]
(b) Assistance for the administrative and judicial reform;
[...]
Constitution
Governance→Constitution→Constitution affirmation/renewal
Page 1, 6: An amnesty granted by the President of the Republic within the framework of article 147 of the National Constitution and implementation of the other instruments which may be adopted by the Parliament on this question.

Power sharing

Political power sharing
No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing
No specific mention.
Economic power sharing
No specific mention.
Military power sharing
No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general
Page 2, untitled postscript: The President of the Republic and the Commander-in-Chief agree that these arrangements constitute a satisfactory solution to the Haitian crisis and the beginning of a process of national reconciliation. They pledge to cooperate fully in the peaceful transition to a stable and lasting democratic society in which all Haitians will be able to live in a climate of freedom, justice, security and respect for human rights.
Bill of rights/similar
No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation
No specific mention.
Civil and political rights
Human rights and equality→Civil and political rights→Liberty and security of person
Page 2, untitled postscript: The President of the Republic and the Commander-in-Chief agree that these arrangements constitute a satisfactory solution to the Haitian crisis and the beginning of a process of national reconciliation. They pledge to cooperate fully in the peaceful transition to a stable and lasting democratic society in which all Haitians will be able to live in a climate of freedom, justice, security and respect for human rights.
Socio-economic rights
No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship
No specific mention.
Democracy
Page 2, untitled postscript: The President of the Republic and the Commander-in-Chief agree that these arrangements constitute a satisfactory solution to the Haitian crisis and the beginning of a process of national reconciliation. They pledge to cooperate fully in the peaceful transition to a stable and lasting democratic society in which all Haitians will be able to live in a climate of freedom, justice, security and respect for human rights.
Detention procedures
No specific mention.
Media and communication
No specific mention.
Mobility/access
No specific mention.
Protection measures
No specific mention.
Other
No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI
No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions
No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law
No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions
No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts
Page 1, 5: Implementation, following the agreements with the constitutional Government, of international cooperation:
[...]
(b) Assistance for the administrative and judicial reform;
[...]
Prisons and detention
No specific mention.
Traditional Laws
No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction
Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Socio-economic development
Page 1, 5: Implementation, following the agreements with the constitutional Government, of international cooperation:

• Technical and financial assistance for development;
National economic plan
No specific mention.
Natural resources
No specific mention.
International funds
Page 1, 5: Implementation, following the agreements with the constitutional Government, of international cooperation:

• Technical and financial assistance for development;
• Assistance for the administrative and judicial reform;

Assistance for modernizing the Armed Forces of Haiti and establishing a new Police Force with the presence of United Nations personnel in these fields.
Business
No specific mention.
Taxation
No specific mention.
Banks
No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights
No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights
No specific mention.
Cultural heritage
No specific mention.
Environment
No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access
No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees
Page 2, untitled postscript: The President of the Republic and the Commander-in-Chief agree that these arrangements constitute a satisfactory solution to the Haitian crisis and the beginning of a process of national reconciliation. They pledge to cooperate fully in the peaceful transition to a stable and lasting democratic society in which all Haitians will be able to live in a climate of freedom, justice, security and respect for human rights.
Ceasefire
No specific mention.
Police
Page 1, 5: Implementation, following the agreements with the constitutional Government, of international cooperation:
[...]
(c) Assistance for modernizing the Armed Forces of Haiti and establishing a new Police Force with the presence of United Nations personnel in these fields.

Page 1, 7: Adoption of a law establishing the new Police Force. Appointment, within this framework, of the Commander-in-Chief of the Police Force by the President of the Republic.
Armed forces
Page 1, 5: Implementation, following the agreements with the constitutional Government, of international cooperation:
[...]
(c) Assistance for modernizing the Armed Forces of Haiti and establishing a new Police Force with the presence of United Nations personnel in these fields.

Page 2, 8: The Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Haiti has decided to avail himself of his right to early retirement and the President of the Republic shall appoint a new Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces in Haiti, who shall appoint the members of the General Staff, in accordance with the Constitution.
DDR
No specific mention.
Intelligence services
No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces
No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces
No specific mention.
Corruption
No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime
No specific mention.
Drugs
No specific mention.
Terrorism
No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general
No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon
Transitional justice→Amnesty/pardon→Amnesty/pardon proper
Page 1, 6: An amnesty granted by the President of the Republic within the framework of article 147 of the National Constitution and implementation of the other instruments which may be adopted by the Parliament on this question.
Courts
No specific mention.
Mechanism
No specific mention.
Prisoner release
No specific mention.
Vetting
No specific mention.
Victims
No specific mention.
Missing persons
No specific mention.
Reparations
No specific mention.
Reconciliation
Page 2, untitled postscript: The President of the Republic and the Commander-in-Chief agree that these arrangements constitute a satisfactory solution to the Haitian crisis and the beginning of a process of national reconciliation. They pledge to cooperate fully in the peaceful transition to a stable and lasting democratic society in which all Haitians will be able to live in a climate of freedom, justice, security and respect for human rights.

Implementation

UN signatory
No specific mention.
Other international signatory
No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement
No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar
Page 1, 5: Implementation, following the agreements with the constitutional Government, of international cooperation:
[...]
(c) Assistance for modernizing the Armed Forces of Haiti and establishing a new Police Force with the presence of United Nations personnel in these fields.
Enforcement mechanism
No specific mention.
Related cases
No specific mention.
Source
UN Peacemaker:

http://peacemaker.un.org/

Governors Island Agreement

3 July 1993

The President of the Republic of Haiti, Jean-Bertrand Aristide, and the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Haiti, Lieutenant-General Raoul Cedras, have agreed that the following arrangements should be made in order to resolve the Haitian crisis.

Each of them has agreed to take, within the scope of his powers, all the necessary measures for the implementation of these arrangements.

Furthermore, they both, in any case, express their support for the implementation of these arrangements and pledge to cooperate in implementing them.

1. Organization, under the auspices of the United Nations and the Organization of American States (OAS), of a political dialogue between representatives of the political parties represented in the Parliament, with the participation of representatives of the Presidential Commission, in order to:

(a) Agree to a political truce and promote a social pact to create the conditions necessary to ensure a peaceful transition;

(b) Reach an agreement on the procedure for enabling the Haitian Parliament to resume its normal functioning;

and

(d) Reach an agreement permitting the adoption of the laws necessary for ensuring the transition.

2. Nomination of a Prime Minister by the President of the Republic.

3. Confirmation of the Prime Minister by the legally reconstituted Parliament and his assumption of office in Haiti.

4. Suspension, on the initiative of the United Nations Secretary-General, of the sanctions adopted under Security Council resolution 841 (1993) and suspension, on the initiative of the Secretary-General of OAS, of the other measures adopted at the OAS Ad Hoc Meeting of Ministers of Foreign Affairs, immediately after the Prime Minister is confirmed and assumes office in Haiti.

5. Implementation, following the agreements with the constitutional Government, of international cooperation:

(a) Technical and financial assistance for development;

(b) Assistance for the administrative and judicial reform;

(c) Assistance for modernizing the Armed Forces of Haiti and establishing a new Police Force with the presence of United Nations personnel in these fields.

6. An amnesty granted by the President of the Republic within the framework of article 147 of the National Constitution and implementation of the other instruments which may be adopted by the Parliament on this question.

7. Adoption of a law establishing the new Police Force.

Appointment, within this framework, of the Commander-in-Chief of the Police Force by the President of the Republic.

8. The Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Haiti has decided to avail himself of his right to early retirement and the President of the Republic shall appoint a new Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces in Haiti, who shall appoint the members of the General Staff, in accordance with the Constitution.

9. Return to Haiti of the President of the Republic, Jean-Bertrand Aristide, on 30 October 1993.

10. Verification by the United Nations and the Organization of American States of fulfilment of all the foregoing commitments.

The President of the Republic and the Commander-in-Chief agree that these arrangements constitute a satisfactory solution to the Haitian crisis and the beginning of a process of national reconciliation.

They pledge to cooperate fully in the peaceful transition to a stable and lasting democratic society in which all Haitians will be able to live in a climate of freedom, justice, security and respect for human rights.

Signed:

Jean-Bertrand Aristide, President of the Republic of Haiti

General Raoul Cédras, the Commander-in- Chief of the Armed Forces of Haiti