Agreement: On the basic principles of relations between the Russian Federation and the Chechen Republic

  • Country/entity
    Russia
    Chechnya
  • Region
    Europe and Eurasia
    Europe and Eurasia
  • Agreement name
    Agreement: On the basic principles of relations between the Russian Federation and the Chechen Republic
  • Date
    3 Dec 1995
  • Agreement status
    Multiparty signed/agreed
  • Interim arrangement
    Yes
  • Agreement/conflict level
    Intrastate/intrastate conflict ( Chechnya Conflicts (1991 - 2009) )
  • Stage
    Pre-negotiation/process
  • Conflict nature
    Government/territory
  • Peace process
    Chechnya peace process
  • Parties
    From the Government of the Russian Federation: V. S. Chernomyrdin;
    From the Government of the Chechen Republic: D. G. Zavgaev;
    Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the Chechen Republic: O. I. Lobov;
  • Third parties
    -
  • Description
    The agreement provides principles for delimitation of powers between organs of state power of the Russian Federation and the organs of state power of the Chechen Republic, for the conclusion of a definitive Treaty on such matters in future negotiations.

Groups

  • Children/youth

    No specific mention.

  • Disabled persons

    No specific mention.

  • Elderly/age

    No specific mention.

  • Migrant workers

    No specific mention.

  • Racial/ethnic/national group
    Groups→Racial/ethnic/national group→Rhetorical
    Page 2, They organs of state power of the Russian Federation and the organs of state power of the Chechen Republic jointly realize:
    The defense of the rights and freedoms of the individual and citizen, and the rights of national minorities;
    Groups→Racial/ethnic/national group→Anti-discrimination
    Page 1, Guaranteeing the observance of basic rights and freedom of individuals and citizens, independent of nationality, religion, place of residence and other differences;
  • Religious groups
    Groups→Religious groups→Anti-discrimination
    Page 1, Guaranteeing the observance of basic rights and freedom of individuals and citizens, independent of nationality, religion, place of residence and other differences;
  • Indigenous people

    No specific mention.

  • Other groups

    No specific mention.

  • Refugees/displaced persons
    Groups→Refugees/displaced persons→Substantive
    Page 2, The government of the Russian Federation:
    ... The Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Chechen Republic will take measures to secure conditions for the return and equipping of refugees, the creation of centres of medical rehabilitation of the population of the Chechen Republic, of those suffering as a result of military activities, and also the establishment of a special procedure for undertaking alternative civil service on the territory of the Chechen Republic and a special regime of undertaking military service will be secured, including in military construction units, created for the restoration of the economy and the social sphere of the republic.
  • Social class

    No specific mention.

Gender

  • Women, girls and gender

    No specific mention.

  • Men and boys

    No specific mention.

  • LGBTI

    No specific mention.

  • Family
    Page 1, Have agreed to the following:
    ... The organs of state power of the Chechen Republic independently realize the authority of state power, including:
    ... They decided issues of advocacy and notary public, family, residential and labour relations;

State definition

  • Nature of state (general)
    Page 1, Guaranteeing the preservation of territorial integrity and unity of the economic space;

    Page 3, The government of the Russian Federation:
    The delimitation of powers between federal organs of executive power and organs of executive power of the Chechen Republic on issues of their joint sphere of competence can be realized by separate treaties and agreements.
  • State configuration
    Page 3, The government of the Russian Federation:
    The delimitation of powers between federal organs of executive power and organs of executive power of the Chechen Republic on issues of their joint sphere of competence can be realized by separate treaties and agreements.

    Page 3, The government of the Russian Federation:
    ... The organs of state power of the Russian Federation and the organs of state power of the Chechen Republic have plenipotentiary representation, respectively, in Gozny and Moscow.
  • Self determination
    Page 1, Proceeding from the generally recognized right of peoples to self-determination, principles of equal rights, voluntarism and freedom of expression, guaranteeing their observance;
  • Referendum

    No specific mention.

  • State symbols

    No specific mention.

  • Independence/secession

    No specific mention.

  • Accession/unification

    No specific mention.

  • Border delimitation

    No specific mention.

  • Cross-border provision
    Page 1, Proceeding from the right of the Chechen Republic to participate in international and foreign economic ties;

    Page 1, Have agreed to the following:
    ... The organs of state power of the Chechen Republic independently realize the authority of state power, including:
    ... They establish and support relations with other subjects of the Russian Federation, and conclude with them treaties and agreements;
    They realize international and foreign economic ties, and participate in the activity of the corresponding international organizations.

    Page 2, They organs of state power of the Russian Federation and the organs of state power of the Chechen Republic jointly realize:
    ... Coordination of the international and foreign economic ties of the Chechen Republic;

    Page 2, They organs of state power of the Russian Federation and the organs of state power of the Chechen Republic jointly realize:
    ... The conducting of a common policy in the sphere of employment of the population, migration processes, social security, issues of health preservation, education, science, culture, physical culture and sport, and preparation of national cadres;

    Page 3, The government of the Russian Federation:
    ... The Chechen Republic, with the goal of developing cultural, trade and economic ties, can have its own representations in other states.

Governance

  • Political institutions (new or reformed)
    Governance→Political institutions (new or reformed)→General references
    Page 1, Have agreed to the following:
    ... The organs of state power of the Chechen Republic independently realize the authority of state power, including:
    They establish a system of organs of state power of the Chechen Republic, a regime for their organization and activity;

    Page 1, Have agreed to the following:
    ... The organs of state power of the Chechen Republic independently realize the authority of state power, including:
    ... They form organs of state power of the Chechen Republic;
  • Elections

    No specific mention.

  • Electoral commission

    No specific mention.

  • Political parties reform

    No specific mention.

  • Civil society

    No specific mention.

  • Traditional/religious leaders

    No specific mention.

  • Public administration

    No specific mention.

  • Constitution

    No specific mention.

Power sharing

  • Political power sharing

    No specific mention.

  • Territorial power sharing
    Power sharing→Territorial power sharing→Autonomous regions
    Page 3, The government of the Russian Federation:
    ... Decisions of the organs of state power of the Chechen Republic, adopted within the bounds of its competency, are obligatory for fulfilment on the territory of the Chechen Republic.

    page 176: the Parties have agreed “to recognize the necessity of establishing a special status for the Chechen Republic as part of the Russian Federation, the adoption by the Chechen Republic of a Constitution and legislation.
    Power sharing→Territorial power sharing→Other
    [Cross-border power-sharing] Page 2, They organs of state power of the Russian Federation and the organs of state power of the Chechen Republic jointly realize:
    ... The conducting of a common policy in the sphere of employment of the population, migration processes, social security, issues of health preservation, education, science, culture, physical culture and sport, and preparation of national cadres;
  • Economic power sharing

    No specific mention.

  • Military power sharing
    Power sharing→Military power sharing→Joint command structures
    Page 3, The government of the Russian Federation:
    ... The command of the joint armed forces, executing orders on the disarmament of illegal armed formations on the territory of the Chechen Republic, coordinates its activity with the Government of the Chechen Republic.

Human rights and equality

  • Human rights/RoL general
    Page 1, Guaranteeing the observance of basic rights and freedom of individuals and citizens, independent of nationality, religion, place of residence and other differences;
  • Bill of rights/similar

    No specific mention.

  • Treaty incorporation

    No specific mention.

  • Civil and political rights
    Human rights and equality→Civil and political rights→Equality
    Page 1, Proceeding from the generally recognized right of peoples to self-determination, principles of equal rights, voluntarism and freedom of expression, guaranteeing their observance;
    Human rights and equality→Civil and political rights→Thought, opinion, conscience and religion
    Page 1, Proceeding from the generally recognized right of peoples to self-determination, principles of equal rights, voluntarism and freedom of expression, guaranteeing their observance;
    Human rights and equality→Civil and political rights→Other
    Page 1, Proceeding from the generally recognized right of peoples to self-determination, principles of equal rights, voluntarism and freedom of expression, guaranteeing their observance;
  • Socio-economic rights

    No specific mention.

Rights related issues

  • Citizenship
    Rights related issues→Citizenship→Citizens, specific rights
    Page 1, Guaranteeing the observance of basic rights and freedom of individuals and citizens, independent of nationality, religion, place of residence and other differences;
  • Democracy

    No specific mention.

  • Detention procedures

    No specific mention.

  • Media and communication

    No specific mention.

  • Mobility/access
    Page 2, The government of the Russian Federation:
    ... Will create the necessary conditions and provide for the opening of regular international flights from Grozny.
  • Protection measures

    No specific mention.

  • Other

    No specific mention.

Rights institutions

  • NHRI

    No specific mention.

  • Regional or international human rights institutions

    No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

  • Criminal justice and emergency law

    No specific mention.

  • State of emergency provisions

    No specific mention.

  • Judiciary and courts

    No specific mention.

  • Prisons and detention

    No specific mention.

  • Traditional Laws

    No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

  • Development or socio-economic reconstruction
    Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Socio-economic development
    Page 2, They organs of state power of the Russian Federation and the organs of state power of the Chechen Republic jointly realize:
    ... Formation of comprehensive funds for the financing of joint programes, the liquidation of the consequences of extreme disasters and catastrophies;

    Page 2, The government of the Russian Federation:
    Will continue the allocation to the Government of the Chechen Republic financial and material-technical resources for the compensation of the population of the Republic for losses, the restoration of housing, the economy, and objects of the social sphere;

    Page 2, The government of the Russian Federation:
    ... Will confirm a special program of development for the Chechen Republic, including measures to accelerate the development of its mountain districts, to create the necessary jobs for securing employment of the population able to work;

    Page 2, The government of the Russian Federation:
    ... Will provide aid to organs of state power of the Chechen Republic for the restoration of museums, architectural landmarks, higher and secondary education institutions, and for the preparation of national cadres in the scientific and educational institutions of the Russian Federation;

    Page 2, The government of the Russian Federation:
    ... The Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Chechen Republic will take measures to secure conditions for the return and equipping of refugees, the creation of centres of medical rehabilitation of the population of the Chechen Republic ...
  • National economic plan
    Page 2, They organs of state power of the Russian Federation and the organs of state power of the Chechen Republic jointly realize:
    ... The organization of the mobilized preparation of the economy;
  • Natural resources
    Page 1, Have agreed to the following:
    ... The organs of state power of the Chechen Republic independently realize the authority of state power, including:
    ... They decide issues of the ownership, use and distribution of natural resources, and also state enterprises, organisations and other movable and immovable state property located on the territory of the Chechen Republic, with the exception of objects of federal ownership;
  • International funds

    No specific mention.

  • Business
    Page 3, The government of the Russian Federation:
    ... The Chechen Republic, with the goal of developing cultural, trade and economic ties, can have its own representations in other states.
  • Taxation
    Socio-economic reconstruction→Taxation→Power to tax
    Page 1, Have agreed to the following:
    ... The organs of state power of the Chechen Republic independently realize the authority of state power, including:
    ... They form the republican budget, establish and collect republican taxes;

    Page 2, The government of the Russian Federation:
    ... Will establish necessary customs and tax privileges;
  • Banks

    No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

  • Land reform/rights

    No specific mention.

  • Pastoralist/nomadism rights

    No specific mention.

  • Cultural heritage
    Land, property and environment→Cultural heritage→Tangible
    Page 2, The government of the Russian Federation:
    ... Will provide aid to organs of state power of the Chechen Republic for the restoration of museums, architectural landmarks, higher and secondary education institutions, and for the preparation of national cadres in the scientific and educational institutions of the Russian Federation;
    Land, property and environment→Cultural heritage→Intangible
    Page 1, Have agreed to the following:
    ... The organs of state power of the Chechen Republic independently realize the authority of state power, including:
    ... They establish the particulars of the organization of education considering the national and historical traditions of the peoples residing on the territory of the Chechen Republic;
  • Environment

    No specific mention.

  • Water or riparian rights or access

    No specific mention.

Security sector

  • Security Guarantees
    Page 1, Rejecting the use of force or the threat of force in the resolution of disputed issues;

    Guided by the political securing of civil peace, international concord and the security of peoples;

    Page 2, They organs of state power of the Russian Federation and the organs of state power of the Chechen Republic jointly realize:
    ... The defense of the sovereignty and the territorial integrity of the Russian Federation;

    Page 2, They organs of state power of the Russian Federation and the organs of state power of the Chechen Republic jointly realize:
    ... The coordination of activity in the battle against crime and the securing of public safety.

    Page 3, The government of the Russian Federation:
    ... Organs of state power of the Russian Federation and the organs of state power of the Chechen Republic are obligated to strive for a widening of the zones of peace on the territory of the Chechen Republic.
  • Ceasefire

    No specific mention.

  • Police

    No specific mention.

  • Armed forces
    Page 2, The government of the Russian Federation:
    ... The Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Chechen Republic will take measures to secure conditions for the return and equipping of refugees, the creation of centres of medical rehabilitation of the population of the Chechen Republic, of those suffering as a result of military activities, and also the establishment of a special procedure for undertaking alternative civil service on the territory of the Chechen Republic and a special regime of undertaking military service will be secured, including in military construction units, created for the restoration of the economy and the social sphere of the republic.

    Page 3, The government of the Russian Federation:
    ... The command of the joint armed forces, executing orders on the disarmament of illegal armed formations on the territory of the Chechen Republic, coordinates its activity with the Government of the Chechen Republic.
  • DDR
    Security sector→DDR→Demilitarisation provisions
    Page 3, The government of the Russian Federation:
    ... The command of the joint armed forces, executing orders on the disarmament of illegal armed formations on the territory of the Chechen Republic, coordinates its activity with the Government of the Chechen Republic.
  • Intelligence services

    No specific mention.

  • Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces

    No specific mention.

  • Withdrawal of foreign forces

    No specific mention.

  • Corruption

    No specific mention.

  • Crime/organised crime

    No specific mention.

  • Drugs

    No specific mention.

  • Terrorism

    No specific mention.

Transitional justice

  • Transitional justice general

    No specific mention.

  • Amnesty/pardon

    No specific mention.

  • Courts

    No specific mention.

  • Mechanism

    No specific mention.

  • Prisoner release

    No specific mention.

  • Vetting

    No specific mention.

  • Victims

    No specific mention.

  • Missing persons

    No specific mention.

  • Reparations

    No specific mention.

  • Reconciliation
    Page 1, Expressing the striving of peoples to restoration of mutual understanding, trust, and the preservation and development of their friendly ties;

Implementation

  • UN signatory

    No specific mention.

  • Other international signatory

    No specific mention.

  • Referendum for agreement

    No specific mention.

  • International mission/force/similar

    No specific mention.

  • Enforcement mechanism

    No specific mention.

  • Related cases

    No specific mention.

  • Source
    https://peacemaker.un.org/russia-relationschechenrepublic95

Agreement:

“On the basic principles of relations between the Russian Federation and the Chechen Republic,” in Rossiskaya Gazeta, 14 December 1995

The plenipotentiary representatives of the organs of state power of the Russian Federation and the organs of state power of the Chechen Republic:

Guaranteeing the observance of basic rights and freedom of individuals and citizens, independent of nationality, religion, place of residence and other differences;

Proceeding from the generally recognized right of peoples to self-determination, principles of equal rights, voluntarism and freedom of expression, guaranteeing their observance;

Expressing the striving of peoples to restoration of mutual understanding, trust, and the preservation and development of their friendly ties;

Guaranteeing the preservation of territorial integrity and unity of the economic space;

Rejecting the use of force or the threat of force in the resolution of disputed issues;

Guided by the political securing of civil peace, international concord and the security of peoples;

Proceeding from the right of the Chechen Republic to participate in international and foreign economic ties;

Have agreed to the following:

To recognize the necessity of establishing a special status for the Chechen Republic as part of the Russian Federation, the adoption by the Chechen Republic of a Constitution and legislation.

The organs of state power of the Chechen Republic independently realize the authority of state power, including:

They establish a system of organs of state power of the Chechen Republic, a regime for their organization and activity;

They form organs of state power of the Chechen Republic;

They form the republican budget, establish and collect republican taxes;

They decide issues of the ownership, use and distribution of natural resources, and also state enterprises, organisations and other movable and immovable state property located on the territory of the Chechen Republic, with the exception of objects of federal ownership;

They decided issues of advocacy and notary public, family, residential and labour relations;

They establish the particulars of the organization of education considering the national and historical traditions of the peoples residing on the territory of the Chechen Republic;

They establish and support relations with other subjects of the Russian Federation, and conclude with them treaties and agreements;

They realize international and foreign economic ties, and participate in the activity of the corresponding international organizations.

They organs of state power of the Russian Federation and the organs of state power of the Chechen Republic jointly realize:

The defense of the rights and freedoms of the individual and citizen, and the rights of national minorities;

The defense of the sovereignty and the territorial integrity of the Russian Federation;

Coordination of the international and foreign economic ties of the Chechen Republic;

Formation of comprehensive funds for the financing of joint programes, the liquidation of the consequences of extreme disasters and catastrophies;

The organization of the mobilized preparation of the economy;

The coordination of the administration of general objects of energy, rail, pipeline, and air transport, ties and the information system;

The conducting of a common policy in the sphere of employment of the population, migration processes, social security, issues of health preservation, education, science, culture, physical culture and sport, and preparation of national cadres;

The coordination of activity in the battle against crime and the securing of public safety.

The government of the Russian Federation:

Will continue the allocation to the Government of the Chechen Republic financial and material-technical resources for the compensation of the population of the Republic for losses, the restoration of housing, the economy, and objects of the social sphere;

Will confirm a special program of development for the Chechen Republic, including measures to accelerate the development of its mountain districts, to create the necessary jobs for securing employment of the population able to work;

Will establish necessary customs and tax privileges;

Will provide aid to organs of state power of the Chechen Republic for the restoration of museums, architectural landmarks, higher and secondary education institutions, and for the preparation of national cadres in the scientific and educational institutions of the Russian Federation;

Will create the necessary conditions and provide for the opening of regular international flights from Grozny.

The Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Chechen Republic will take measures to secure conditions for the return and equipping of refugees, the creation of centres of medical rehabilitation of the population of the Chechen Republic, of those suffering as a result of military activities, and also the establishment of a special procedure for undertaking alternative civil service on the territory of the Chechen Republic and a special regime of undertaking military service will be secured, including in military construction units, created for the restoration of the economy and the social sphere of the republic.

The delimitation of powers between federal organs of executive power and organs of executive power of the Chechen Republic on issues of their joint sphere of competence can be realized by separate treaties and agreements.

The command of the joint armed forces, executing orders on the disarmament of illegal armed formations on the territory of the Chechen Republic, coordinates its activity with the Government of the Chechen Republic.

Decisions of the organs of state power of the Chechen Republic, adopted within the bounds of its competency, are obligatory for fulfilment on the territory of the Chechen Republic.

Organs of state power of the Russian Federation and the organs of state power of the Chechen Republic are obligated to strive for a widening of the zones of peace on the territory of the Chechen Republic.

The organs of state power of the Russian Federation and the organs of state power of the Chechen Republic have plenipotentiary representation, respectively, in Gozny and Moscow.

The Chechen Republic, with the goal of developing cultural, trade and economic ties, can have its own representations in other states.

The present Agreement goes into force from the moment it is signed and is in effect until the conclusion of a Treaty on delimitation of power between the organs of state power of the Russian Federation and the organs of state power of the Chechen Republic.

Concluded in Moscow, 3 December 1995

From the Government of the Russian Federation

V. S. Chernomyrdin

From the Government of the Chechen Republic

D. G. Zavgaev

Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the Chechen Republic

O. I. Lobov