• Country/entity

  Mozambique
  

• Region

  Africa (excl MENA)
  

• Agreement name

  Joint Declaration

• Date

  7 Aug 1992

• Agreement status

  Multiparty signed/agreed

• Interim arrangement

  Yes

• Agreement/conflict level

  Intrastate/intrastate conflict ( Mozambique Civil War (1976 – 1992) and RENAMO Insurgency (2012 – ) )

• Stage

  Pre-negotiation/process

• Conflict nature

  Government

• Peace process

  Mozambique process in the 90s

• Parties

  Joaquim Alberto Chissano, President of the Republic of Mozambique,
  and Afonso Macacho Marceta Dhlakama, President of RENAMO,

• Third parties

  Signed by Mugabe, Zimbabwe; Witnesses: Botswana; Mediators: Mario Raffaelli, Jaime Goncalves, Andrea Riccardi, Matteo Zuppi (all signatories)

• Description

  Expressed commitment to guaranteeing conditions for complete political freedom and personal safety of all citizens and all members of political parties. Agreed to accepting the role of the international community in monitoring the implementation of the General Peace Agreement and to respecting the principles set forth in Protocol I.

• Agreement document

  MZ_920807_Joint Declaration.pdf | Download PDF

Groups

Gender

State definition

Governance

Power sharing

Human rights and equality

Rights related issues

Rights institutions

Justice sector reform

Socio-economic reconstruction

Land, property and environment

Security sector

Transitional justice

Implementation

JOINT DECLARATION

We, Joaguim Alberto Chissano, President of the Republic of Mozambigue, and Afonso Macacho Marceta Dhlakama, President of RENAMO,

Meeting at Rome in the presence of His Excellency Mr. Robert Gabriel Mugabe, President of the Republic of Zimbabwe;

His Excellency Mr. Emilio Colombo, Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Italy;

the representative of His Excellency the President of the Republic of Botswana, Ms. Gaositwe Keagakwa Tibe Chiepe, Minister for Foreign Affairs;

the mediators of the peace process, Mario Raffaelli, representative of the Italian Government and coordinator of the mediators, Jaime Gonçalves, Archbishop of Beira, Andrea Riccardi and Matteo Zuppi, of the Community of San Egidio,

Recognizing that

The achievement of peace, democracy and national unity based on national reconciliation is the greatest aspiration and desire of the entire

Mozambican people,

In pursuit of this goal, the peace process was launched at Rome between the Government of the Republic of Mozambigue and RENAMO, assisted by mediators from the Italian Government, the Community of San Egidio and the Catholic Church of Mozambigue,

lmportant results have been achieved thus far, as exemplified and demonstrated by the signing of the partial cease-fire agreement of 1 December 1990 and the adoption of the following protocols and agreements:

(i) Agreed Agenda of 28 May 1991, and the amendments made thereto by the Act of 19 June 1992;

(ii) Protocol I "Basic principles", signed on 18 October 1991;

(iii) Protocol II "Criteria and arrangements for the formation and recognition of political parties", signed on 13 November 1991;

(iv) Protocol III "Principles of the Electoral Act", signed on 12 March 1992;

(v) Act of 2 July 1992 on improving the functioning of the COMIVE;

(vi) Declaration on guiding principles for humanitarian assistance, signed on 16 July 1992,

Supplementing these efforts in the search for peace, democracy and national unity based on reconciliation in Mozambique, a meeting was held at

Gaborone, Botswana, on 4 July 1992 between His Excellency Mr. Robert Gabriel Mugabe, President of the Republic of Zimbabwe, and His Excellency Sir Ketumile Masire, President of the Republic of Botswana, on the one hand, and Mr. Afonso Macacho Marceta Dhlakarna, President of RENAMO, on the other,

Following which the President of the Republic of Mozarnbique, Mr. Joaquim Alberto Chissano, was briefed in detail by the President of Zimbabwe on 19 July 1992,

Whereas Mr. Afonso Macacho Marceta Dhlakarna declared his readiness to sign an immediate cease-fire if certain guarantees were provided and

arrangements were made for the security of both himself and members of RENAMO, and if his party was given freedom to organize and campaign without interference or hindrance,

Considering his request for guarantees to enable RENAMO to operate freely as a political party after the signing of the General Peace Agreement,

Convinced that the suffering of the Mozambican people as a result of the war, exacerbated by the consequences of the worst drought in living memory, demands that rapid steps be taken to end the war,

Recognizing the need for the immediate restoration of peace in Mozarnbique,

Reaffirming the commitment of the Government of the Republic of Mozarnbique and of RENAMO to end the hostilities in Mozarnbique,

Determined to do everything possible to end the disaster brought about by the combined consequences of war and drought in our country,

Appreciating the progress made in the Rome peace negotiations between our respective delegations,

Considering the spirit of the Gaborone meeting of 4 July 1992,

Accordingly, commit ourselves to the following:

(i) To guarantee conditions permitting complete political freedom, in accordance with the internationally recognized principles of

democracy;

(ii) To guarantee the personal safety of all Mozarnbican citizens and all members of political parties;

(iii) To accept the role of the international community, particularly the United Nations, in monitoring and guaranteeing the implementation of the General Peace Agreement, particularly the cease-fire and the electoral process;

(iv) Fully to respect the principles set forth in Protocol I, under which "the Government undertakes to refrain from taking any action that is contrary to the provisions of the Protocols to be concluded and from adopting laws or measures or applying existing laws which may be inconsistent with those Protocols and RENAMO undertakes to refrain from armed combat and instead to conduct its political struggle in conformity with the laws in force, within the framework of existing State institutions and in accordance with the conditions and guarantees established in the General Peace Agreement";

(v) To safeguard political rights, emphasizing that the principles set forth in Protocol I are valid and also relate to the problem of constitutional guarantees raised by RENAMO and dealt with in the docurnent submitted to President Mugabe.

To this end, the Government of the Republic of Mozambique shall submit to the Assembly of the Republic for adoption legal instruments incorporating the Protocols and guarantees, as well as the General Peace Agreement, in Mozambican law;

(vi) On the basis of the above principles and of our commitment made in this solemn Declaration, we, Joaquim Alberto Chissano, President of the Republic of Mozambique, and Afonso Macacho Marceta Dhlakama, President of RENAMO, hereby authorize and instruct our respective

delegations participating in the Rome peace process to conclude, by 1 October 1992 at the latest, the remaining Protocols provided for in the Agreed Agenda, thereby permitting the signing of the General Peace Agreement by that date.

The signing of the General Peace Agreement and its adoption by the Assembly of the Republic as provided for in paragraph (v) of this Declaration shall result in the immediate entry into force of the cease-fire agreed to under the General Peace Agreement.

(Signed) Joaquim Alberto Chissano

President of the Republic of Mozambique

(Signed) Afonso Macacho Marceta Dhlakama

President of RENAMO

(Signed) Robert Gabriel Mugabe

President of the Republic of Zimbabwe

Witnessed by:

(Signed) Gaositwe Keagakwa Tibe Chiepe

Minister for Foreign Affairs of Botswana

and by the mediators:

(Signed) Mario Raffaelli

(Signed) Jaime Gonçalves

(Signed) Andrea Riccardi

(Signed) Matteo Zuppi

Rome, 7 August 1992