Memorandum of Understanding on Cessation of Hostilities between the Government of the Sudan and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army
Export agreement coding (PDF)Country/entity
South Sudan
SudanRegion
Africa (excl MENA)
Africa (excl MENA)Agreement name
Memorandum of Understanding on Cessation of Hostilities between the Government of the Sudan and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement/ArmyDate
15 Oct 2002Agreement status
Multiparty signed/agreedInterim arrangement
YesAgreement/conflict level
Intrastate/intrastate conflict ( )Stage
Ceasefire/relatedConflict nature
Government/territoryPeace process
Sudanese (North-South) peace processParties
Hon. Idris Mohammed Abdel Gadir, For: the Government of the Sudan; Cdr. Nhial Deng Nhial,
For: The Sudan People's Liberation Movement/ArmyThird parties
Lt Gen Lazaro K. Sumbeiywo, Special Envoy IGAD Sudan Peace Process and on behalf of IGAD Envoys (just signs)Description
A short agreement aimed at resuming negotiations, reaffirming military matters, requesting mediators to establish a channel of communications, and allowing unimpeded humanitarian access.
Agreement document
Groups
- Children/youth
No specific mention.
- Disabled persons
No specific mention.
- Elderly/age
No specific mention.
- Migrant workers
No specific mention.
- Racial/ethnic/national group
No specific mention.
- Religious groups
No specific mention.
- Indigenous people
No specific mention.
- Other groups
No specific mention.
- Refugees/displaced persons
No specific mention.
- Social class
No specific mention.
Gender
- Women, girls and gender
No specific mention.
- Men and boys
No specific mention.
- LGBTI
No specific mention.
- Family
No specific mention.
State definition
- Nature of state (general)
No specific mention.
- State configuration
No specific mention.
- Self determination
No specific mention.
- Referendum
No specific mention.
- State symbols
No specific mention.
- Independence/secession
No specific mention.
- Accession/unification
No specific mention.
- Border delimitation
No specific mention.
- Cross-border provision
No specific mention.
Governance
- Political institutions (new or reformed)
No specific mention.
- Elections
No specific mention.
- Electoral commission
No specific mention.
- Political parties reform
No specific mention.
- Civil society
No specific mention.
- Traditional/religious leaders
No specific mention.
- Public administration
No specific mention.
- Constitution
No specific mention.
Power sharing
- Political power sharing
No specific mention.
- Territorial power sharing
No specific mention.
- Economic power sharing
No specific mention.
- Military power sharing
No specific mention.
Human rights and equality
- Human rights/RoL general
No specific mention.
- Bill of rights/similar
No specific mention.
- Treaty incorporation
No specific mention.
- Civil and political rights
No specific mention.
- Socio-economic rights
No specific mention.
Rights related issues
- Citizenship
No specific mention.
- Democracy
No specific mention.
- Detention procedures
No specific mention.
- Media and communicationRights related issues→Media and communication→Media rolesPage 1, 3. For the purpose of this MOU, "cessation of hostilities" means the following:
· Freeze media wars and propaganda against one another.Rights related issues→Media and communication→OtherPage 1, 4. The Parties request the Mediators to establish a channel of communications between them to facilitate the implementation of the cessation of hostilities, assist with verification of complaints, and exchange information on supply of non -combat items and on rotation of troops. - Mobility/access
No specific mention.
- Protection measures
No specific mention.
- Other
No specific mention.
Rights institutions
- NHRI
No specific mention.
- Regional or international human rights institutions
No specific mention.
Justice sector reform
- Criminal justice and emergency law
No specific mention.
- State of emergency provisions
No specific mention.
- Judiciary and courts
No specific mention.
- Prisons and detention
No specific mention.
- Traditional Laws
No specific mention.
Socio-economic reconstruction
- Development or socio-economic reconstructionSocio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Humanitarian assistancePage 1, 5. The Parties shall allow unimpeded humanitarian access to all areas and for people in need, in accordance with the Operation Lifeline Sudan (OLS) Agreement.
- National economic plan
No specific mention.
- Natural resources
No specific mention.
- International funds
No specific mention.
- Business
No specific mention.
- Taxation
No specific mention.
- Banks
No specific mention.
Land, property and environment
- Land reform/rights
No specific mention.
- Pastoralist/nomadism rights
No specific mention.
- Cultural heritage
No specific mention.
- Environment
No specific mention.
- Water or riparian rights or access
No specific mention.
Security sector
- Security Guarantees
No specific mention.
- CeasefireSecurity sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provisionPage 1, 2. To create and maintain a conducive atmosphere throughout the negotiations until all the outstanding issues in the Conflict are resolved. Therefore, the Parties shall undertake upon signature of this Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to maintain a period of tranquility during negotiations by ceasing hostilities in all areas of the Sudan and ensuring a military stand down for their own forces, including allied forces and affiliated militia. This MOU however, does not affect the right of either party to take any legitimate measures in self-defense against any hostile act from a party of force other than those referred to above.
Page 1, 3. For the purpose of this MOU, "cessation of hostilities" means the following:
· To retain current military positions;
· Refrain from any offensive military action by all forces;
· Cease laying of landmines;
· Refrain from occupation of new areas;
· Cease supplying all areas with Weapons and ammunition;
· Refrain from any acts of violence or other abuse on the civilian population;
· Freeze media wars and propaganda against one another.
Page 1, 4. The Parties request the Mediators to establish a channel of communications between them to facilitate the implementation of the cessation of hostilities, assist with verification of complaints, and exchange information on supply of non-combat items and on rotation of troops. - Police
No specific mention.
- Armed forcesPage 1, 2. To create and maintain a conducive atmosphere throughout the negotiations until all the outstanding issues in the Conflict are resolved. Therefore, the Parties shall undertake upon signature of this Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to maintain a period of tranquility during negotiations by ceasing hostilities in all areas of the Sudan and ensuring a military stand down for their own forces, including allied forces and affiliated militia. This MOU however, does not affect the right of either party to take any legitimate measures in self-defense against any hostile act from a party of force other than those referred to above.
- DDR
No specific mention.
- Intelligence services
No specific mention.
- Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forcesPage 1, 2. To create and maintain a conducive atmosphere throughout the negotiations until all the outstanding issues in the Conflict are resolved. Therefore, the Parties shall undertake upon signature of this Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to maintain a period of tranquility during negotiations by ceasing hostilities in all areas of the Sudan and ensuring a military stand down for their own forces, including allied forces and affiliated militia. This MOU however, does not affect the right of either party to take any legitimate measures in self-defense against any hostile act from a party of force other than those referred to above.
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Page 1, 2. To create and maintain a conducive atmosphere throughout the negotiations until all the outstanding issues in the Conflict are resolved. Therefore, the Parties shall undertake upon signature of this Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to maintain a period of tranquility during negotiations by ceasing hostilities in all areas of the Sudan and ensuring a military stand down for their own forces, including allied forces and affiliated militia. This MOU however, does not affect the right of either party to take any legitimate measures in self-defense against any hostile act from a party of force other than those referred to above. - Withdrawal of foreign forces
No specific mention.
- Corruption
No specific mention.
- Crime/organised crime
No specific mention.
- Drugs
No specific mention.
- Terrorism
No specific mention.
Transitional justice
- Transitional justice general
No specific mention.
- Amnesty/pardon
No specific mention.
- Courts
No specific mention.
- Mechanism
No specific mention.
- Prisoner release
No specific mention.
- Vetting
No specific mention.
- Victims
No specific mention.
- Missing persons
No specific mention.
- Reparations
No specific mention.
- Reconciliation
No specific mention.
Implementation
- UN signatory
No specific mention.
- Other international signatory
No specific mention.
- Referendum for agreement
No specific mention.
- International mission/force/similar
No specific mention.
- Enforcement mechanism
No specific mention.
- Related cases
No specific mention.
- SourceUnited States Institute of Peace,. 'United States Institute Of Peace'. N.p., 2015. Web. 27 Oct. 2015.
Memorandum of Understanding on Cessation of Hostilities Between the Government of the Sudan and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army
Preamble:
The Government of the Republic of the Sudan (GOS) and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement/ Army (SPLM/ A), hereafter referred to as the Parties, agree:
1. To resume the negotiations on 15th October 2002 from where they stopped in Machakos, Kenya, on Monday 2nd September 2002, under the auspices of IGAD and according to the Machakos Protocol of the 20th July 2002 and the agreed Agenda.
2. To create and maintain a conducive atmosphere throughout the negotiations until all the outstanding issues in the Conflict are resolved.
Therefore, the Parties shall undertake upon signature of this Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to maintain a period of tranquility during negotiations by ceasing hostilities in all areas of the Sudan and ensuring a military stand down for their own forces, including allied forces and affiliated militia.
This MOU however, does not affect the right of either party to take any legitimate measures in self-defense against any hostile act from a party of force other than those referred to above.
3. For the purpose of this MOU, "cessation of hostilities" means the following:
· To retain current military positions;
· Refrain from any offensive military action by all forces;
· Cease laying of landmines;
· Refrain from occupation of new areas;
· Cease supplying all areas with Weapons and ammunition;
· Refrain from any acts of violence or other abuse on the civilian population;
· Freeze media wars and propaganda against one another.
4. The Parties request the Mediators to establish a channel of communications between them to facilitate the implementation of the cessation of hostilities, assist with verification of complaints, and exchange information on supply of non -combat items and on rotation of troops.
5. The Parties shall allow unimpeded humanitarian access to all areas and for people in need, in accordance with the Operation Lifeline Sudan (OLS) Agreement.
6. The Parties also agree that the negotiations will be conducted in good faith and in good will in order to conclude within the shortest time possible from the date of reconvening of the Talks.
7. This MOU shall enter into force at 12:00 hours Sudan Local Time on Thursday 17th October, 2002 and remain in effect until the negotiations are concluded, and no later than 31st December 2002.
8. This MOU may be renewed by mutual consent of the Parties to conclude negotiations on any outstanding issues.
Hon. Idris Mohammed Abdel Gadir
For: the Government of the Sudan
Cdr. Nhial Deng Nhial
For: The Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army
Lt. Gen. Lazaro K. Sumbeiywo
Special Envoy
IGAD Sudan Peace Process and
On behalf of IGAD Envoys