Memorandum of Understanding on Cessation of Hostilities between the Government of the Sudan and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army

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Country/entity
South Sudan
Sudan
Region
Africa (excl MENA)
Africa (excl MENA)
Agreement name
Memorandum of Understanding on Cessation of Hostilities between the Government of the Sudan and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army
Date
15 Oct 2002
Agreement status
Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement
Yes
Agreement/conflict level
Intrastate/intrastate conflict ( Sudan Conflicts (1955 - ) )
Stage
Ceasefire/related
Conflict nature
Government/territory
Peace process
Sudanese (North-South) peace process
Parties
Hon. Idris Mohammed Abdel Gadir, For: the Government of the Sudan; Cdr. Nhial Deng Nhial,
For: The Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army
Third parties
Lt Gen Lazaro K. Sumbeiywo, Special Envoy IGAD Sudan Peace Process and on behalf of IGAD Envoys (just signs)
Description
A short agreement aimed at resuming negotiations, reaffirming military matters, requesting mediators to establish a channel of communications, and allowing unimpeded humanitarian access.

Agreement document
SD_021015_MoU on Cessation of Hostilities between Sudan and SPLM.pdf | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth
No specific mention.
Disabled persons
No specific mention.
Elderly/age
No specific mention.
Migrant workers
No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group
No specific mention.
Religious groups
No specific mention.
Indigenous people
No specific mention.
Other groups
No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons
No specific mention.
Social class
No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender
No specific mention.
Men and boys
No specific mention.
LGBTI
No specific mention.
Family
No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general)
No specific mention.
State configuration
No specific mention.
Self determination
No specific mention.
Referendum
No specific mention.
State symbols
No specific mention.
Independence/secession
No specific mention.
Accession/unification
No specific mention.
Border delimitation
No specific mention.
Cross-border provision
No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed)
No specific mention.
Elections
No specific mention.
Electoral commission
No specific mention.
Political parties reform
No specific mention.
Civil society
No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders
No specific mention.
Public administration
No specific mention.
Constitution
No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing
No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing
No specific mention.
Economic power sharing
No specific mention.
Military power sharing
No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general
No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar
No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation
No specific mention.
Civil and political rights
No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights
No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship
No specific mention.
Democracy
No specific mention.
Detention procedures
No specific mention.
Media and communication
Rights related issues→Media and communication→Media roles
Page 1, 3. For the purpose of this MOU, "cessation of hostilities" means the following:
· Freeze media wars and propaganda against one another.
Rights related issues→Media and communication→Other
Page 1, 4. The Parties request the Mediators to establish a channel of communications between them to facilitate the implementation of the cessation of hostilities, assist with verification of complaints, and exchange information on supply of non -combat items and on rotation of troops.
Mobility/access
No specific mention.
Protection measures
No specific mention.
Other
No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI
No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions
No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law
No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions
No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts
No specific mention.
Prisons and detention
No specific mention.
Traditional Laws
No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction
Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Humanitarian assistance
Page 1, 5. The Parties shall allow unimpeded humanitarian access to all areas and for people in need, in accordance with the Operation Lifeline Sudan (OLS) Agreement.
National economic plan
No specific mention.
Natural resources
No specific mention.
International funds
No specific mention.
Business
No specific mention.
Taxation
No specific mention.
Banks
No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights
No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights
No specific mention.
Cultural heritage
No specific mention.
Environment
No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access
No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees
No specific mention.
Ceasefire
Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision
Page 1, 2. To create and maintain a conducive atmosphere throughout the negotiations until all the outstanding issues in the Conflict are resolved. Therefore, the Parties shall undertake upon signature of this Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to maintain a period of tranquility during negotiations by ceasing hostilities in all areas of the Sudan and ensuring a military stand down for their own forces, including allied forces and affiliated militia. This MOU however, does not affect the right of either party to take any legitimate measures in self-defense against any hostile act from a party of force other than those referred to above.

Page 1, 3. For the purpose of this MOU, "cessation of hostilities" means the following:
· To retain current military positions;
· Refrain from any offensive military action by all forces;
· Cease laying of landmines;
· Refrain from occupation of new areas;
· Cease supplying all areas with Weapons and ammunition;
· Refrain from any acts of violence or other abuse on the civilian population;
· Freeze media wars and propaganda against one another.

Page 1, 4. The Parties request the Mediators to establish a channel of communications between them to facilitate the implementation of the cessation of hostilities, assist with verification of complaints, and exchange information on supply of non-combat items and on rotation of troops.
Police
No specific mention.
Armed forces
Page 1, 2. To create and maintain a conducive atmosphere throughout the negotiations until all the outstanding issues in the Conflict are resolved. Therefore, the Parties shall undertake upon signature of this Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to maintain a period of tranquility during negotiations by ceasing hostilities in all areas of the Sudan and ensuring a military stand down for their own forces, including allied forces and affiliated militia. This MOU however, does not affect the right of either party to take any legitimate measures in self-defense against any hostile act from a party of force other than those referred to above.
DDR
No specific mention.
Intelligence services
No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces
Page 1, 2. To create and maintain a conducive atmosphere throughout the negotiations until all the outstanding issues in the Conflict are resolved. Therefore, the Parties shall undertake upon signature of this Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to maintain a period of tranquility during negotiations by ceasing hostilities in all areas of the Sudan and ensuring a military stand down for their own forces, including allied forces and affiliated militia. This MOU however, does not affect the right of either party to take any legitimate measures in self-defense against any hostile act from a party of force other than those referred to above.

~

Page 1, 2. To create and maintain a conducive atmosphere throughout the negotiations until all the outstanding issues in the Conflict are resolved. Therefore, the Parties shall undertake upon signature of this Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to maintain a period of tranquility during negotiations by ceasing hostilities in all areas of the Sudan and ensuring a military stand down for their own forces, including allied forces and affiliated militia. This MOU however, does not affect the right of either party to take any legitimate measures in self-defense against any hostile act from a party of force other than those referred to above.
Withdrawal of foreign forces
No specific mention.
Corruption
No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime
No specific mention.
Drugs
No specific mention.
Terrorism
No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general
No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon
No specific mention.
Courts
No specific mention.
Mechanism
No specific mention.
Prisoner release
No specific mention.
Vetting
No specific mention.
Victims
No specific mention.
Missing persons
No specific mention.
Reparations
No specific mention.
Reconciliation
No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory
No specific mention.
Other international signatory
No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement
No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar
No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism
No specific mention.
Related cases
No specific mention.
Source
United States Institute of Peace,. 'United States Institute Of Peace'. N.p., 2015. Web. 27 Oct. 2015.

Memorandum of Understanding on Cessation of Hostilities Between the Government of the Sudan and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army

Preamble:

The Government of the Republic of the Sudan (GOS) and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement/ Army (SPLM/ A), hereafter referred to as the Parties, agree:

1. To resume the negotiations on 15th October 2002 from where they stopped in Machakos, Kenya, on Monday 2nd September 2002, under the auspices of IGAD and according to the Machakos Protocol of the 20th July 2002 and the agreed Agenda.

2. To create and maintain a conducive atmosphere throughout the negotiations until all the outstanding issues in the Conflict are resolved.

Therefore, the Parties shall undertake upon signature of this Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to maintain a period of tranquility during negotiations by ceasing hostilities in all areas of the Sudan and ensuring a military stand down for their own forces, including allied forces and affiliated militia.

This MOU however, does not affect the right of either party to take any legitimate measures in self-defense against any hostile act from a party of force other than those referred to above.

3. For the purpose of this MOU, "cessation of hostilities" means the following:

· To retain current military positions;

· Refrain from any offensive military action by all forces;

· Cease laying of landmines;

· Refrain from occupation of new areas;

· Cease supplying all areas with Weapons and ammunition;

· Refrain from any acts of violence or other abuse on the civilian population;

· Freeze media wars and propaganda against one another.

4. The Parties request the Mediators to establish a channel of communications between them to facilitate the implementation of the cessation of hostilities, assist with verification of complaints, and exchange information on supply of non -combat items and on rotation of troops.

5. The Parties shall allow unimpeded humanitarian access to all areas and for people in need, in accordance with the Operation Lifeline Sudan (OLS) Agreement.

6. The Parties also agree that the negotiations will be conducted in good faith and in good will in order to conclude within the shortest time possible from the date of reconvening of the Talks.

7. This MOU shall enter into force at 12:00 hours Sudan Local Time on Thursday 17th October, 2002 and remain in effect until the negotiations are concluded, and no later than 31st December 2002.

8. This MOU may be renewed by mutual consent of the Parties to conclude negotiations on any outstanding issues.

Hon. Idris Mohammed Abdel Gadir

For: the Government of the Sudan

Cdr. Nhial Deng Nhial

For: The Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army

Lt. Gen. Lazaro K. Sumbeiywo

Special Envoy

IGAD Sudan Peace Process and

On behalf of IGAD Envoys