National Reconciliation Pact (Bangui National Reconciliation Conference)
- Country/entityCentral African Republic
- RegionAfrica (excl MENA)
- Agreement nameNational Reconciliation Pact (Bangui National Reconciliation Conference)
- Date5 Mar 1998
- Agreement statusMultiparty signed/agreed
- Interim arrangementYes
- Agreement/conflict levelIntrastate/intrastate conflict ()
- StageFramework/substantive - partial
- Conflict natureGovernment
- Peace processCAR: Bangui process
- PartiesHis Excellency Ange-Félix PATASSÉ
President of the Republic
Government
National Assembly
Judiciary
Armed Forces of the Central African Republic
Association of Mayor
Political parties
ADP Alliance pour la démocratie et le progrès
CDCAD Carrefour démocratique centrafricain pour le
développement
CN Convention nationale
ELAN Effort libéral en Afrique noire
FC Forum Civique
FPP Front patriotique pour le progrès
GILA-MND Mouvement national pour le développement
MDD Mouvement pour la démocratie et le développement
MLPC Mouvement de libération du peuple centrafricain
MSCA Mouvement socialiste centrafricain
PAD Parti pour l'action et le développement
PARELI Parti républicain libéral
PCD Parti chrétien démocrate
PLD Parti libéral démocrate
PRC Parti républicain centrafricain
PSD Parti social démocrate
MDI/PS Mouvement pour la démocratie, l'indépendance et le
progrès social
MESAN Mouvement d'évolution sociale de l'Afrique noire
MESAN BOGANDA Mouvement d'évolution sociale de l'Afrique
noire/Barthélemy Boganda
MDRC Mouvement pour la démocratie en république
centrafricaine
MNR Mouvement national pour le renouveau
MUD Mouvement pour l'unité et le développement
RDC Rassemblement démocratique centrafricaine
UDRP Union pour la démocratie et le renouveau panafricain
UDR/FK Union démocratique républicaine/Fimi Kodro
UNDD Union nationale pour la défense de la démocratie
UPR Union pour la République
UPDES Union du peuple pour le développement économique et
sociale
Trade unions:
CNTC Confédération nationale des travailleurs centrafricains
OSLP Organisation des syndicats libres des secteurs public,
parapublic et privé
Patronat
USTC Union syndicale des travailleurs centrafricains
USCC Union syndicale des chargeurs centrafricains
UNTC Union nationale des travailleurs centrafricains
Religious denominations:
AEEC Association des églises évangéliques centrafricaines
Catholic Church
CICA Communauté islamique centrafricain
Human rights, justice and democracy:
ACAT Association centrafricaine de lutte contre la torture et
l'abolition de la peine de mort
AFJC Association des femmes juristes de Centrafrique
GERDES Groupement d'études et de recherches pour la démocratie
et le développement economique et social
LCDH Ligue centrafricaine des droits de l'homme
GRPS Groupe de réflexion politique et sociale
LONDO Levons-nous
MDDH Mouvement pour la défense des droits de l'homme
S/1998/219
English
Page 8
GAMPCC Groupe des artistes musiciens pour la promotion de la
culture en Centrafrique
OCDH Observatoire centrafricain des droits de l'homme
GRADDER Groupe de réflexion et d'action pour la défense de la
démocratie républicaine
CNDH Commission nationale des droits de l'homme
National organizations:
OFCA Organisation des femmes centrafricaines
KOLI-OUALI GALA Hommes et femmes commerçants
FNEC Fédération nationale des éleveurs centrafricains
Fed. BOUBA-NGUERE Fédération des vendeurs ambulants
JEC Jeunesse étudiante chrétiennes
FESCA Fédération du Scoutisme centrafricain
USCA Union scolaire centrafricaine
CNOSCA Comité national olympique du sport centrafricain
ACCB Association des commerçants centrafricains du bétail
ANEC Association nationale des étudiants centrafricains
ONAPHA Organisation nationale des personnes handicapées
UMCA Union des musiciens centrafricains
AVIMUT Association des victimes des mutineries
CIONGCA Conseil inter-organisation non gouvernementale de
Centrafrique
ANBC Association nationale des bouchers centrafricains
FNCJ Fédération nationale des clubs des jeunesses
Occupational organization:
UNPC Union nationale du patronat centrafricain - Third parties-
- DescriptionLargely rhetorical declaration involving principled commitments. Involves a large number of civil and political groups in the country, committing to democracy, reconciliation, and addressing poverty.
- Agreement document
Groups
- Children/youth
No specific mention.
- Disabled persons
No specific mention.
- Elderly/age
No specific mention.
- Migrant workers
No specific mention.
- Racial/ethnic/national groupGroups→Racial/ethnic/national group→RhetoricalPage 1, UNTITLED PREAMBLE
Convinced of the need to establish a definitive national reconciliation pact between all Central Africans so as to put an end to political, economic and social practices characterized by nepotism, tribalism, exclusion and poor governance
Page 2, Article 1
The parties signatory to this Pact solemnly undertake to practise good governance, excluding nepotism, clanship, tribalism, political patronage and misappropriation of funds - Religious groups
No specific mention.
- Indigenous people
No specific mention.
- Other groups
No specific mention.
- Refugees/displaced persons
No specific mention.
- Social class
No specific mention.
Gender
- Women, girls and genderPage 6, Signatory parties
....
OFCA Organisation des femmes centrafricaines
KOLI-OUALI GALA Hommes et femmes commerçants - Men and boys
No specific mention.
- LGBTI
No specific mention.
- FamilyPage 1, UNTITLED PREAMBLE
Gauging the seriousness of the socio-economic crisis, characterized by growing poverty, the breakdown of family and social ties, the decline in Central African purchasing power and food production and the emergence of famine and widespread malnutrition, which are sources of disturbances and social conflict
State definition
- Nature of state (general)
No specific mention.
- State configuration
No specific mention.
- Self determination
No specific mention.
- Referendum
No specific mention.
- State symbols
No specific mention.
- Independence/secession
No specific mention.
- Accession/unification
No specific mention.
- Border delimitation
No specific mention.
- Cross-border provision
No specific mention.
Governance
- Political institutions (new or reformed)Governance→Political institutions (new or reformed)→General referencesPage 2, Article 2
The signatories solemnly undertake to use elections as the only legal means of access to government power and decide to ban the use of weapons and force as ways and means of access to government power. They renounce the use of the armed forces to destabilize a democratic regime and to sow terror in the hearts of the population in defiance of democratic principles, human rights and the national Constitution.
They strongly oppose all forms of dictatorship and call on the authorities to listen to the people and respect the rights of the minority - ElectionsPage 2, Article 2
The signatories solemnly undertake to use elections as the only legal means of access to government power and decide to ban the use of weapons and force as ways and means of access to government power. They renounce the use of the armed forces to destabilize a democratic regime and to sow terror in the hearts of the population in defiance of democratic principles, human rights and the national Constitution.
They strongly oppose all forms of dictatorship and call on the authorities to listen to the people and respect the rights of the minority - Electoral commission
No specific mention.
- Political parties reform
No specific mention.
- Civil societyAgreement signed by civil society actors:
Trade unions:
CNTC Confédération nationale des travailleurs centrafricains
OSLP Organisation des syndicats libres des secteurs public,
parapublic et privé
Patronat
USTC Union syndicale des travailleurs centrafricains
USCC Union syndicale des chargeurs centrafricains
UNTC Union nationale des travailleurs centrafricains
Religious denominations:
AEEC Association des églises évangéliques centrafricaines
Catholic Church
CICA Communauté islamique centrafricain
Human rights, justice and democracy:
ACAT Association centrafricaine de lutte contre la torture et
l'abolition de la peine de mort
AFJC Association des femmes juristes de Centrafrique
GERDES Groupement d'études et de recherches pour la démocratie
et le développement economique et social
LCDH Ligue centrafricaine des droits de l'homme
GRPS Groupe de réflexion politique et sociale
LONDO Levons-nous
MDDH Mouvement pour la défense des droits de l'homme
S/1998/219
English
Page 8
GAMPCC Groupe des artistes musiciens pour la promotion de la
culture en Centrafrique
OCDH Observatoire centrafricain des droits de l'homme
GRADDER Groupe de réflexion et d'action pour la défense de la
démocratie républicaine
CNDH Commission nationale des droits de l'homme
National organizations:
OFCA Organisation des femmes centrafricaines
KOLI-OUALI GALA Hommes et femmes commerçants
FNEC Fédération nationale des éleveurs centrafricains
Fed. BOUBA-NGUERE Fédération des vendeurs ambulants
JEC Jeunesse étudiante chrétiennes
FESCA Fédération du Scoutisme centrafricain
USCA Union scolaire centrafricaine
CNOSCA Comité national olympique du sport centrafricain
ACCB Association des commerçants centrafricains du bétail
ANEC Association nationale des étudiants centrafricains
ONAPHA Organisation nationale des personnes handicapées
UMCA Union des musiciens centrafricains
AVIMUT Association des victimes des mutineries
CIONGCA Conseil inter-organisation non gouvernementale de
Centrafrique
ANBC Association nationale des bouchers centrafricains
FNCJ Fédération nationale des clubs des jeunesses
Occupational organization:
UNPC Union nationale du patronat centrafricain - Traditional/religious leaders[Summary] Agreement is signed by religious groups.
Page 5, Religious denominations:
AEEC Association des églises évangéliques centrafricaines
Catholic Church
CICA Communauté islamique centrafricain - Public administration
No specific mention.
- ConstitutionGovernance→Constitution→Constitution affirmation/renewalPage 2, Article 2
The signatories solemnly undertake to use elections as the only legal means of access to government power and decide to ban the use of weapons and force as ways and means of access to government power. They renounce the use of the armed forces to destabilize a democratic regime and to sow terror in the hearts of the population in defiance of democratic principles, human rights and the national Constitution.
They strongly oppose all forms of dictatorship and call on the authorities to listen to the people and respect the rights of the minority.
Power sharing
- Political power sharing
No specific mention.
- Territorial power sharing
No specific mention.
- Economic power sharing
No specific mention.
- Military power sharing
No specific mention.
Human rights and equality
- Human rights/RoL generalPage 1, UNTITLED PREAMBLE
...
Considering the flagrant violation of human rights linked to political and military crises
Page 2, Article 2
The signatories solemnly undertake to use elections as the only legal means of access to government power and decide to ban the use of weapons and force as ways and means of access to government power. They renounce the use of the armed forces to destabilize a democratic regime and to sow terror in the hearts of the population in defiance of democratic principles, human rights and the national Constitution.
They strongly oppose all forms of dictatorship and call on the authorities to listen to the people and respect the rights of the minority
Page 3, Article 6
The signatories undertake to work together to create the political, social and economic conditions necessary to prevent any violations of human rights. - Bill of rights/similar
No specific mention.
- Treaty incorporation
No specific mention.
- Civil and political rights
No specific mention.
- Socio-economic rights
No specific mention.
Rights related issues
- Citizenship
No specific mention.
- DemocracyPage 2, Article 2
The signatories solemnly undertake to use elections as the only legal means of access to government power and decide to ban the use of weapons and force as ways and means of access to government power. They renounce the use of the armed forces to destabilize a democratic regime and to sow terror in the hearts of the population in defiance of democratic principles, human rights and the national Constitution.
They strongly oppose all forms of dictatorship and call on the authorities to listen to the people and respect the rights of the minority - Detention procedures
No specific mention.
- Media and communication
No specific mention.
- Mobility/access
No specific mention.
- Protection measures
No specific mention.
- Other
No specific mention.
Rights institutions
- NHRI
No specific mention.
- Regional or international human rights institutions
No specific mention.
Justice sector reform
- Criminal justice and emergency law
No specific mention.
- State of emergency provisions
No specific mention.
- Judiciary and courts
No specific mention.
- Prisons and detention
No specific mention.
- Traditional Laws
No specific mention.
Socio-economic reconstruction
- Development or socio-economic reconstructionSocio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Socio-economic developmentPage 2, Article 3
The signatories call on all Central Africans to unite in rebuilding the country, which has been destabilized politically and torn apart economically, culturally and socially.
Page 2, Article 4
The parties signatory to this Pact undertake to launch a frontal attack on poverty, and to support the State in its quest for ways and means of restoring a sound national economy and equitably distributing resources, on the one hand and, on the other, in its efforts to improve the social sectors of education and health, while giving priority attention to the regular payment of wages, scholarships and pensions. - National economic plan
No specific mention.
- Natural resources
No specific mention.
- International funds
No specific mention.
- Business
No specific mention.
- Taxation
No specific mention.
- Banks
No specific mention.
Land, property and environment
- Land reform/rights
No specific mention.
- Pastoralist/nomadism rights
No specific mention.
- Cultural heritage
No specific mention.
- Environment
No specific mention.
- Water or riparian rights or access
No specific mention.
Security sector
- Security GuaranteesPage 1, UNTITLED PREAMBLE
...
Considering the upsurge of insecurity in Bangui and in the interior, owing to the proliferation of weapons and the phenomenon of highway banditry,
Convinced that only an effort by the entire national community, supported by the international community, can make it possible to find ways and means of restoring peace and security, a sine qua non of the effective resumption of socio-economic activities for peaceful, lasting development - Ceasefire
No specific mention.
- Police
No specific mention.
- Armed forcesPage 2, Article 2
The signatories solemnly undertake to use elections as the only legal means of access to government power and decide to ban the use of weapons and force as ways and means of access to government power. They renounce the use of the armed forces to destabilize a democratic regime and to sow terror in the hearts of the population in defiance of democratic principles, human rights and the national Constitution.
They strongly oppose all forms of dictatorship and call on the authorities to listen to the people and respect the rights of the minority - DDRSecurity sector→DDR→Demilitarisation provisionsPage 2, Article 5
The parties signatory to this Pact launch a strong appeal to the international community to assist the national and international forces of order in their sensitive mission to collect the weapons spread throughout the country and to restore order. - Intelligence services
No specific mention.
- Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces
No specific mention.
- Withdrawal of foreign forces
No specific mention.
- CorruptionPage 1, UNTITLED PREAMBLE
...
Considering the upsurge of insecurity in Bangui and in the interior, owing to the proliferation of weapons and the phenomenon of highway banditry,
Page 2, Article 1
The parties signatory to this Pact solemnly undertake to practise good governance, excluding nepotism, clanship, tribalism, political patronage and misappropriation of funds - Crime/organised crimePage 1, UNTITLED PREAMBLE
...
Considering the upsurge of insecurity in Bangui and in the interior, owing to the proliferation of weapons and the phenomenon of highway banditry,
Page 2, Article 1
The parties signatory to this Pact solemnly undertake to practise good governance, excluding nepotism, clanship, tribalism, political patronage and misappropriation of funds - Drugs
No specific mention.
- Terrorism
No specific mention.
Transitional justice
- Transitional justice general
No specific mention.
- Amnesty/pardon
No specific mention.
- Courts
No specific mention.
- Mechanism
No specific mention.
- Prisoner release
No specific mention.
- Vetting
No specific mention.
- Victims
No specific mention.
- Missing persons
No specific mention.
- Reparations
No specific mention.
- ReconciliationPage 1, UNTITLED PREAMBLE
...
Convinced of the need to establish a definitive national reconciliation pact between all Central Africans so as to put an end to political, economic and social practices characterized by nepotism, tribalism, exclusion and poor governance
Implementation
- UN signatory
No specific mention.
- Other international signatory
No specific mention.
- Referendum for agreement
No specific mention.
- International mission/force/similar
No specific mention.
- Enforcement mechanismPage 2, UNTITLED PREAMBLE
...
Aware of the need to establish a Monitoring and Arbitration Committee responsible for settling any disputes that may arise from non-compliance with the provisions of this Pact
Page 2, Article 5
The parties signatory to this Pact launch a strong appeal to the international community to assist the national and international forces of order in their sensitive mission to collect the weapons spread throughout the country and to restore order.
Page 3, Article 7
The parties signatory to this Pact decide to establish a Monitoring and Arbitration Committee to monitor the implementation of the undertakings set forth in this Pact and to serve as an arbitrator in any disputes that may arise.
They undertake to have recourse to the Committee in the case of non-compliance with the provisions of this Pact.
The composition, powers and functions of the Monitoring and Arbitration Committee are set forth as an annex to this Pact. - Related cases
No specific mention.
- SourceUN Peacemaker. Available at: https://peacemaker.un.org/carnationalreconciliationpact98 (Accessed 6 October 2020).
NATIONAL RECONCILIATION PACT
National Reconciliation Conference, held in Bangui from 26 February to 5 March 1998
The parties signatory to this Pact:
In view of the Constitution of 14 January 1995,
Noting the grave political and military crisis which shook the Central African Republic in 1996 and
1997,
Recognizing that this crisis nearly engulfed the entire country in chaos, which would have entailed
incalculable consequences for the preservation of national unity and sovereignty,
Aware of the fact that the meeting on consensus-building and dialogue held in Bangui from 11 to 18
January 1997 rekindled the hopes of Central Africans that solutions to this crisis would be found,
Convinced of the commitment of the signatories to respect the conclusions of the Bangui Agreements
and to strive to restore a genuine, lasting peace,
Gauging the seriousness of the socio-economic crisis, characterized by growing poverty, the
breakdown of family and social ties, the decline in Central African purchasing power and food
production and the emergence of famine and widespread malnutrition, which are sources of
disturbances and social conflict,
Considering the upsurge of insecurity in Bangui and in the interior, owing to the proliferation of
weapons and the phenomenon of highway banditry,
Convinced that only an effort by the entire national community, supported by the international
community, can make it possible to find ways and means of restoring peace and security, a sine qua
non of the effective resumption of socio-economic activities for peaceful, lasting development,
Considering the flagrant violation of human rights linked to political and military crises,
Noting the repeated violations of the commitments made by Central Africans to each other,
Convinced of the need to establish a definitive national reconciliation pact between all Central
Africans so as to put an end to political, economic and social practices characterized by nepotism,
tribalism, exclusion and poor
governance,
Aware of the need to establish a Monitoring and Arbitration Committee responsible for settling any
disputes that may arise from non-compliance with the provisions of this Pact,
In view of the relevant recommendations resulting from the work of the National Reconciliation
Conference,
Have solemnly agreed as follows:
Article 1
The parties signatory to this Pact solemnly undertake to practise good governance, excluding
nepotism, clanship, tribalism, political patronage and misappropriation of funds,
They also undertake to settle or help to settle, through dialogue and consensus-building, all
disputes that may arise.
Article 2
The signatories solemnly undertake to use elections as the only legal means of access to government
power and decide to ban the use of weapons and force as ways and means of access to government
power.
They renounce the use of the armed forces to destabilize a democratic regime and to sow
terror in the hearts of the population in defiance of democratic principles, human rights and the
national Constitution.
They strongly oppose all forms of dictatorship and call on the authorities to listen to the people
and respect the rights of the minority.
Article 3
The signatories call on all Central Africans to unite in rebuilding the country, which has been
destabilized politically and torn apart economically, culturally and socially.
Article 4
The parties signatory to this Pact undertake to launch a frontal attack on poverty, and to support
the State in its quest for ways and means of restoring a sound national economy and equitably
distributing resources, on the one hand and, on the other, in its efforts to improve the social
sectors of education and health, while giving priority attention to the regular payment of wages,
scholarships and pensions.
Article 5
The parties signatory to this Pact launch a strong appeal to the international community to assist
the national and international forces of order in their sensitive mission to collect the weapons
spread throughout the country and to restore order.
Article 6
The signatories undertake to work together to create the political, social and economic conditions
necessary to prevent any violations of human rights.
Article 7
The parties signatory to this Pact decide to establish a Monitoring and Arbitration Committee to
monitor the implementation of the undertakings set forth in this Pact and to serve as an arbitrator
in any disputes that may arise.
They undertake to have recourse to the Committee in the case of non-compliance with the provisions
of this Pact.
The composition, powers and functions of the Monitoring and Arbitration Committee are set forth as
an annex to this Pact.
Article 8
The parties signatory to this Pact undertake to respect scrupulously the provisions contained
therein.
DONE at Bangui on 5 March 1998
[Signed]
His Excellency Ange-Félix PATASSÉ President of the Republic
Government National Assembly Judiciary
Armed Forces of the Central African Republic
Association of Mayor
Political parties
ADP Alliance pour la démocratie et le progrès
CDCAD Carrefour démocratique centrafricain pour le développement
CN Convention nationale
ELAN Effort libéral en Afrique noire
FC Forum Civique
FPP Front patriotique pour le progrès
GILA-MND Mouvement national pour le développement
MDD Mouvement pour la démocratie et le développement
MLPC Mouvement de libération du peuple centrafricain
MSCA Mouvement socialiste centrafricain
PAD Parti pour l'action et le développement
PARELI Parti républicain libéral
PCD Parti chrétien démocrate
PLD Parti libéral démocrate
PRC Parti républicain centrafricain
PSD Parti social démocrate
MDI/PS Mouvement pour la démocratie, l'indépendance et le progrès social
MESAN Mouvement d'évolution sociale de l'Afrique noire MESAN BOGANDA Mouvement
d'évolution sociale de l'Afrique
noire/Barthélemy Boganda
MDRC Mouvement pour la démocratie en république centrafricaine
MNR Mouvement national pour le renouveau
MUD Mouvement pour l'unité et le développement
RDC Rassemblement démocratique centrafricaine
UDRP Union pour la démocratie et le renouveau panafricain
UDR/FK Union démocratique républicaine/Fimi Kodro
UNDD Union nationale pour la défense de la démocratie
UPR Union pour la République
UPDES Union du peuple pour le développement économique et sociale
Trade unions:
CNTC Confédération nationale des travailleurs centrafricains
OSLP Organisation des syndicats libres des secteurs public, parapublic et privé
Patronat
USTC Union syndicale des travailleurs centrafricains
USCC Union syndicale des chargeurs centrafricains
UNTC Union nationale des travailleurs centrafricains Religious denominations:
AEEC Association des églises évangéliques centrafricaines Catholic Church
CICA Communauté islamique centrafricain Human rights, justice and democracy:
ACAT Association centrafricaine de lutte contre la torture et l'abolition de la peine
de mort
AFJC Association des femmes juristes de Centrafrique
GERDES Groupement d'études et de recherches pour la démocratie et le développement
economique et social
LCDH Ligue centrafricaine des droits de l'homme
GRPS Groupe de réflexion politique et sociale
LONDO Levons-nous
MDDH Mouvement pour la défense des droits de l'homme
S/1998/219
English Page 8
GAMPCC Groupe des artistes musiciens pour la promotion de la culture en Centrafrique
OCDH Observatoire centrafricain des droits de l'homme GRADDER Groupe de
réflexion et d'action pour la défense de la
démocratie républicaine
CNDH Commission nationale des droits de l'homme National organizations:
OFCA Organisation des femmes centrafricaines KOLI-OUALI GALA Hommes et femmes
commerçants
FNEC Fédération nationale des éleveurs centrafricains Fed.
BOUBA-NGUERE Fédération
des vendeurs ambulants
JEC Jeunesse étudiante chrétiennes
FESCA Fédération du Scoutisme centrafricain
USCA Union scolaire centrafricaine
CNOSCA Comité national olympique du sport centrafricain ACCB Association
des commerçants centrafricains du bétail
ANEC Association nationale des étudiants centrafricains ONAPHA Organisation
nationale des personnes handicapées UMCA Union des musiciens centrafricains
AVIMUT Association des victimes des mutineries
CIONGCA Conseil inter-organisation non gouvernementale de Centrafrique
ANBC Association nationale des bouchers centrafricains
FNCJ Fédération nationale des clubs des jeunesses Occupational organization:
UNPC Union nationale du patronat centrafricain
-----