New York Act

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Country/entity
El Salvador
Region
Americas
Agreement name
New York Act
Date
31 Dec 1991
Agreement status
Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement
Yes
Agreement/conflict level
Intrastate/intrastate conflict ( El Salvador Civil War (1979 - 1992) )
Stage
Framework/substantive - partial
Conflict nature
Government
Peace process
El Salvador peace process
Parties
Representing the Government of El Salvador: (Signed) Mr. Oscar SANTAMARIA; (Signed) Col. Mauricio Ernesto VARGAS; (Signed) Mr. David ESCOBAR GALINDO; (Signed) Col. Juan MARTINEZ VARELA; (Signed) Mr. Abelardo TORRES; (Signed) Mr. Rafael HERNAN CONTRERAS;

Representing the Frente Farabundo Marti para la Liberacion Nacional: (Signed) Cmdr. Schafik HANDAL; (Signed) Cmdr. Francisco JOVEL ; (Signed) Cmdr. Salvador SANCHEZ CEREN; (Signed) Cmdr. Eduardo SANCHO; (Signed) Cmdr. Joaquin VILLALOBOS
Third parties
(Signed) Alvaro DE SOTO, Representative of the Secretary-General of the United Nations
Description
Parties declared they had reached definitive agreements which would put the armed conflict to an end. Agreement reached on all technical and military aspects relating to separation of warring parties and cessation of the armed conflict, including end to FMLN military structure and reintegration of its members into civil, political and institutional life. Cessation of armed conflict to take effect on 1 February 1992 and to conclude on 31 October 1992. Further meeting scheduled to negotiate timetable for implementing agreements with Final Peace Agreements to be signed on 16 January 1992. Declaration that the parties have completed negotiations on all the areas laid out in the Caracas Agenda; further meeting scheduled for parties to negotiate timeframe for implementation

Agreement document
SV_911231_NewYorkAct.pdf | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth
No specific mention.
Disabled persons
No specific mention.
Elderly/age
No specific mention.
Migrant workers
No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group
No specific mention.
Religious groups
No specific mention.
Indigenous people
No specific mention.
Other groups
No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons
No specific mention.
Social class
No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender
No specific mention.
Men and boys
No specific mention.
LGBTI
No specific mention.
Family
No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general)
No specific mention.
State configuration
No specific mention.
Self determination
No specific mention.
Referendum
No specific mention.
State symbols
No specific mention.
Independence/secession
No specific mention.
Accession/unification
No specific mention.
Border delimitation
No specific mention.
Cross-border provision
No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed)
No specific mention.
Elections
No specific mention.
Electoral commission
No specific mention.
Political parties reform
No specific mention.
Civil society
No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders
No specific mention.
Public administration
No specific mention.
Constitution
No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing
No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing
No specific mention.
Economic power sharing
No specific mention.
Military power sharing
No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general
No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar
No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation
No specific mention.
Civil and political rights
No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights
No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship
No specific mention.
Democracy
No specific mention.
Detention procedures
No specific mention.
Media and communication
No specific mention.
Mobility/access
No specific mention.
Protection measures
No specific mention.
Other
No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI
No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions
No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law
No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions
No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts
No specific mention.
Prisons and detention
No specific mention.
Traditional Laws
No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction
No specific mention.
National economic plan
No specific mention.
Natural resources
No specific mention.
International funds
No specific mention.
Business
No specific mention.
Taxation
No specific mention.
Banks
No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights
No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights
No specific mention.
Cultural heritage
No specific mention.
Environment
No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access
No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees
No specific mention.
Ceasefire
Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision
Page 1,
... The parties have also agreed that the cessation of the armed conflict shall take effect formally on 1 February 1992 and shall conclude on 31 October 1992.
Police
No specific mention.
Armed forces
No specific mention.
DDR
Security sector→DDR→DDR programmes
Page 1,
... An agreement has also been reached on all technical and military aspects relating to the separation of the warring parties and the cessation of the armed conflict, which includes the end of the military structure of the FMLN and the reintegration of its members, within a framework of full legality, into the civil, political and institutional life of the country.

Page 1,
... A further meeting between the parties has been scheduled for 5 January 1992 to negotiate the timetable for implementing the agreements and the procedure for ending the military structure of the FMLN and reintegrating its members, within a framework of full legality, into the civil, political and institutional life of the country.
Intelligence services
No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces
Page 1,
... An agreement has also been reached on all technical and military aspects relating to the separation of the warring parties and the cessation of the armed conflict, which includes the end of the military structure of the FMLN and the reintegration of its members, within a framework of full legality, into the civil, political and institutional life of the country.

Page 1,
... A further meeting between the parties has been scheduled for 5 January 1992 to negotiate the timetable for implementing the agreements and the procedure for ending the military structure of the FMLN and reintegrating its members, within a framework of full legality, into the civil, political and institutional life of the country.
Withdrawal of foreign forces
No specific mention.
Corruption
No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime
No specific mention.
Drugs
No specific mention.
Terrorism
No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general
No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon
No specific mention.
Courts
No specific mention.
Mechanism
No specific mention.
Prisoner release
No specific mention.
Vetting
No specific mention.
Victims
No specific mention.
Missing persons
No specific mention.
Reparations
No specific mention.
Reconciliation
No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory
(Signed) Alvaro DE SOTO, Representative of the Secretary-General of the United Nations
Other international signatory
If the timetable for implementation is not met, the parties agree to be bound by a formula for resolving the outstanding issues proposed by the Secretary-General;
Referendum for agreement
No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar
No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism
No specific mention.
Related cases
No specific mention.
Source
United States Institute of Peace (2001) Peace Agreements: El Salvador - Peace Agreements Digital Collection. Available at: https://www.usip.org/publications/2001/04/peace-agreements-el-salvador (Accessed 14 October 2020).

New York Act

The Government of El Salvador and the Frente Farabundo Marti para la Liberacion Nacional (FMLN) hereby declare that they have reached definitive agreements which, combined with those previously signed at San Jose, Mexico City and New York, complete the negotiations on all substantive items of the Caracas Agenda and the New York "Compressed Negotiations".

Their implementation will put a final end to the Salvadorian armed conflict.

An agreement has also been reached on all technical and military aspects relating to the separation of the warring parties and the cessation of the armed conflict, which includes the end of the military structure of the FMLN and the reintegration of its members, within a framework of full legality, into the civil, political and institutional life of the country.

The parties have also agreed that the cessation of the armed conflict shall take effect formally on 1 February 1992 and shall conclude on 31 October 1992.

A further meeting between the parties has been scheduled for 5 January 1992 to negotiate the timetable for implementing the agreements and the procedure for ending the military structure of the FMLN and reintegrating its members, within a framework of full legality, into the civil, political and institutional life of the country.

Such negotiations must be successfully concluded by 10 January 1992 at the latest.

Otherwise, the parties undertake to accept, by 14 January 1992 at the latest, a formula for resolving outstanding issues to be proposed to them by the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

The Final Peace Agreements will be signed at Mexico City on 16 January 1992.

The parties undertake to preserve the atmosphere necessary for maintaining and expanding the unilateral decisions which they have taken in order to avoid all military activity.

New York, 31 December 1991

Representing the Government of El Salvador:

(Signed) Mr. Oscar SANTAMARIA

(Signed) Col.

Mauricio Ernesto VARGAS

(Signed) Mr. David ESCOBAR GALINDO

(Signed) Col.

Juan MARTINEZ VARELA

(Signed) Mr. Abelardo TORRES

(Signed) Mr. Rafael HERNAN CONTRERAS

Representing the Frente Farabundo Marti para la Liberacion Nacional:

(Signed) Cmdr.

Schafik HANDAL

(Signed) Cmdr.

Francisco JOVEL

(Signed) Cmdr.

Salvador SANCHEZ CEREN

(Signed) Cmdr.

Eduardo SANCHO

(Signed) Cmdr.

Joaquin VILLALOBOS

(Signed) Alvaro DE SOTO

Representative of the Secretary-General of the United Nations