Political Charter between the Sudan Government and the SPLA (United)

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Country/entity
South Sudan
Sudan
Region
Africa (excl MENA)
Africa (excl MENA)
Agreement name
Political Charter between the Sudan Government and the SPLA (United)
Date
26 Apr 1995
Agreement status
Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement
Yes
Agreement/conflict level
Intrastate/intrastate conflict ( Sudan Conflicts (1955 - ) )
Stage
Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature
Government/territory
Peace process
Sudanese (North-South) peace process
Parties
For the Government of Sudan: Lino Roll Deng; For the SPLA/M: Arok Thon, Chol Deng
Third parties
-
Description
Agreement on overarching principles by which further negotiations will be conducted to resolve the North/South Sudan conflict. Calls for substantive discussions to be held on decentralisation, power and wealth sharing, religious rights and the formation of a national army, which would include SPLA (united) troops.

Agreement document
SD_950426_Political Charter Sudan and SPLA (United).pdf | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth
No specific mention.
Disabled persons
No specific mention.
Elderly/age
No specific mention.
Migrant workers
No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group
No specific mention.
Religious groups
No specific mention.
Indigenous people
No specific mention.
Other groups
No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons
No specific mention.
Social class
No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender
No specific mention.
Men and boys
No specific mention.
LGBTI
No specific mention.
Family
No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general)
Page 1, 1. Preserve the unity of the Sudan with its recognized international boundaries, secure its entity against all internal and external dangers. Endeavour to keep peace, justice and supremacy of the values of right and goodness.

Page 1, 3. Assert and promote the values of participatory democracy in the light of the
changing situations and practices.

Page 1, 6. Recognize cultural diversity in the Sudan and enable the people to freely express their values.

Page 1, 8. Citizenship shall be the basis of rights and duties in furtherance to the values of justice, equality, freedom and human rights.

Page 1, 12. The Sudan shall interact with African and Arab nations on the basis of its effective Sudanese identity for the benefit of the country and the world community at large.
State configuration
Page 1, 1. Preserve the unity of the Sudan with its recognized international boundaries, secure its entity against all internal and external dangers. Endeavour to keep peace, justice and supremacy of the values of right and goodness.
Self determination
No specific mention.
Referendum
No specific mention.
State symbols
No specific mention.
Independence/secession
No specific mention.
Accession/unification
No specific mention.
Border delimitation
No specific mention.
Cross-border provision
Page 1, 10. The two parties shall work together for the stability, reconstruction, rehabilitation and development in the war affected areas. The support of the friendly and sisterly nations shall be sought to expedite the process.

Page 1, 12. The Sudan shall interact with African and Arab nations on the basis of its effective Sudanese identity for the benefit of the country and the world community at large.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed)
Governance→Political institutions (new or reformed)→General references
Page 1, 9. The two parties shall fully and effectively participate in all constitutional, political and executive institutions at all levels.
Elections
No specific mention.
Electoral commission
No specific mention.
Political parties reform
No specific mention.
Civil society
Page 1, 3. parties commit to assert and promote the values of participatoy democracy in the light of the changing situations and practices.
Traditional/religious leaders
No specific mention.
Public administration
No specific mention.
Constitution
No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing
Power sharing→Political power sharing→General
State level
Sub-state level
Page 1, 9. The two parties shall fully and effectively participate in all constitutional, political and executive institutions at all levels.

Page 2, 13. Power and national wealth in the Sudan will be equitably shared between the citizens of the country, the details shall be worked out by the two parties.

Page 2, 14. The two parties have agreed on decentralization of the South and a coordinating council shall be formed between the Southern States according to their consent.
Territorial power sharing
Power sharing→Territorial power sharing→Federal or similar sub-divided government
Page 2, 14. The two parties have agreed on decentralization of the South and a coordinating council shall be formed between the Southern States according to their consent.
Economic power sharing
Power sharing→Economic power sharing→Sharing of resources
Page 2, 13. Power and national wealth in the Sudan will be equitably shared between the
citizens of the country, the details shall be worked out by the two parties.
Military power sharing
Power sharing→Military power sharing→Merger of forces
Page 1, 11. After classification of the SPLA troops the two parties have agreed to form one national army, which will be deployed separately for a time to be agreed upon. A
technical committee will be established to work out the details.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general
Page 1, 6. Recognize cultural diversity in the Sudan and enable the people to freely express their values.

Page 1, 8. Citizenship shall be the basis of rights and duties in furtherance to the values of justice, equality, freedom and human rights.
Bill of rights/similar
No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation
No specific mention.
Civil and political rights
Human rights and equality→Civil and political rights→Equality
Page 1, 8. Citizenship shall be the basis of rights and duties in furtherance to the values of justice, equality, freedom and human rights.

Page 2, 13. Power and national wealth in the Sudan will be equitably shared between the
citizens of the country, the details shall be worked out by the two parties.
Human rights and equality→Civil and political rights→Thought, opinion, conscience and religion
Page 1, 5. Observe freedom of religion and belief and maintain a suitable atmosphere for
practising worship, Daawa and preaching. No citizen shall be coerced to embrace any faith or religion.

Page 1, 6. Recognize cultural diversity in the Sudan and enable the people to freely express their values.
Socio-economic rights
No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship
No specific mention.
Democracy
Page 1, 3. Assert and promote the values of participatory democracy in the light of the
changing situations and practices.
Detention procedures
No specific mention.
Media and communication
No specific mention.
Mobility/access
No specific mention.
Protection measures
No specific mention.
Other
No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI
No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions
No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law
No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions
No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts
No specific mention.
Prisons and detention
No specific mention.
Traditional Laws
Page 1, 7. Sharia, customs and beliefs shall be the sources for legislation in the Sudan.
However, States may enact legislation complementary to the federal laws in matters peculiar to those States.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction
Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Socio-economic development
Page 1, 10. The two parties shall work together for the stability, reconstruction, rehabilitation and development in the war affected areas. The support of the friendly and sisterly nations shall be sought to expedite the process.

Page 2, 16. The two parties have agreed that social development is an extreme priority for the achievement of which the state shall plan for confidence building and expedite the process of alleviation of poverty, ignorance mid illiteracy. The State should also cater for provision of knowledge and satisfaction.
Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Infrastructure and reconstruction
Page 1, 10. The two parties shall work together for the stability, reconstruction, rehabilitation and development in the war affected areas. The support of the friendly and sisterly nations shall be sought to expedite the process.
National economic plan
No specific mention.
Natural resources
No specific mention.
International funds
No specific mention.
Business
No specific mention.
Taxation
No specific mention.
Banks
No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights
No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights
No specific mention.
Cultural heritage
No specific mention.
Environment
No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access
No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees
No specific mention.
Ceasefire
No specific mention.
Police
No specific mention.
Armed forces
Page 1, 11. After classification of the SPLA troops the two parties have agreed to form one national army, which will be deployed separately for a time to be agreed upon. A
technical committee will be established to work out the details.
DDR
No specific mention.
Intelligence services
No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces
Page 1, 11. After classification of the SPLA troops the two parties have agreed to form one national army, which will be deployed separately for a time to be agreed upon. A
technical committee will be established to work out the details.
Withdrawal of foreign forces
No specific mention.
Corruption
No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime
No specific mention.
Drugs
No specific mention.
Terrorism
No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general
No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon
No specific mention.
Courts
No specific mention.
Mechanism
No specific mention.
Prisoner release
No specific mention.
Vetting
No specific mention.
Victims
No specific mention.
Missing persons
No specific mention.
Reparations
No specific mention.
Reconciliation
No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory
No specific mention.
Other international signatory
No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement
No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar
No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism
No specific mention.
Related cases
No specific mention.
Source
Peacemaker.un.org,. 2015. 'UN Peacemaker'. http://peacemaker.un.org.

Political Charter Between the Sudan Government and the SPLA (United)

In the name of God the Compassionate, the Merciful

This Charter has been made on the 26th of April 1995 between the delegation of the Government of the Sudan and the SPLA/M (United) delegation.

The two parties have pledged to cooperate, support each other and stand together in bringing about peace and ruling the Sudan according to the following principles:

1. Preserve the unity of the Sudan with its recognized international boundaries, secure its entity against all internal and external dangers.

Endeavour to keep peace, justice and supremacy of the values of right and goodness.

2. The Federal System shall be tested and evaluated for a period of time to be agreed upon.

3. Assert and promote the values of participatory democracy in the light of the changing situations and practices.

4. Fight Sectarianism (Taifia) and its allies in all forms.

5. Observe freedom of religion and belief and maintain a suitable atmosphere for practising worship, Daawa and preaching.

No citizen shall be coerced to embrace any faith or religion.

6. Recognize cultural diversity in the Sudan and enable the people to freely express their values.

7. Sharia, customs and beliefs shall be the sources for legislation in the Sudan.

However, States may enact legislation complementary to the federal laws in matters peculiar to those States.

8. Citizenship shall be the basis of rights and duties in furtherance to the values of justice, equality, freedom and human rights.

9. The two parties shall fully and effectively participate in all constitutional, political and executive institutions at all levels.

10. The two parties shall work together for the stability, reconstruction, rehabilitation and development in the war affected areas.

The support of the friendly and sisterly nations shall be sought to expedite the process.

11. After classification of the SPLA troops the two parties have agreed to form one national army, which will be deployed separately for a time to be agreed upon.

A technical committee will be established to work out the details.

12. The Sudan shall interact with African and Arab nations on the basis of its effective Sudanese identity for the benefit of the country and the world community at large.

13. Power and national wealth in the Sudan will be equitably shared between the citizens of the country, the details shall be worked out by the two parties.

14. The two parties have agreed on decentralization of the South and a coordinating council shall be formed between the Southern States according to their consent.

15. The two parties agreed to mobilize all Sudanese, particularly people from war affected areas to rally behind and support of the peace agreement.

16. The two parties have agreed that social development is an extreme priority for the achievement of which the state shall plan for confidence building and expedite the process of alleviation of poverty, ignorance mid illiteracy.

The State should also cater for provision of knowledge and satisfaction.

26 April 1995.

(signed)

For the Government of Sudan

1. [ no signature]

2. Lino Roll Deng

For the SPLA/M (United)

1. Arok Thon

2. Chol Deng