The Global Ceasefire Agreement
Export agreement coding (PDF)Country/entity
BurundiRegion
Africa (excl MENA)Agreement name
The Global Ceasefire AgreementDate
16 Nov 2003Agreement status
Multiparty signed/agreedInterim arrangement
YesAgreement/conflict level
Intrastate/intrastate conflict ( )Stage
Ceasefire/relatedConflict nature
GovernmentPeace process
Burundi: Arusha and related peace processParties
Transitional Government of the Republic of Burundi and the National Council for the Defence of Democracy-Forces for the Defence of Democracy (CNDD-FDD)Third parties
In the presence of: - His Excellency Jacob ZUMA, Deputy President of the Republic of South Africa, Facilitator for the negotiation of the Ceasefire Agreement, - His Excellency Joachim CHISSANO, President of the Republic of Mozambique and current President of the African Union, - His Excellency Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI, President of the Republic of Uganda and President of the Regional Peace Initiative for Burundi, - His Excellency Dr. Ali Mohamed SHENI, Vice-President of the United Republic of Tanzania, - His Excellency Joseph KABILA, President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, - His Excellency Méles ZENAWI, Prime Minister of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, - His Excellency Ambassador Berhanu DINKA, Special Representative of the Secretary-General of the United Nations, - His Excellency Patrick MAZIMPAKA, Vice-Chairperson of the Commission of the African Union, - His Excellency Charles MURIGANDE, Minister for Foreign Affairs and Cooperation of the Republic of Rwanda, - His Excellency Ondo METHOGO, Deputy Prime Minister of the Gabonese Republic, - His Excellency Ngunjiri NJUGUNA, Ambassador of the Republic of Kenya to Tanzania, - His Excellency Joshua M. SIMYANDI, Ambassador of the Republic of Zambia to Tanzania, 2. Co-signatories: - (Signed) His Excellency Jacob ZUMA, Deputy President of the Republic of South Africa, Facilitator - (Signed) His Excellency Joachim CHISSANO, President of the Republic of Mozambique and current President of the African Union - (Signed) His Excellency Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI President of the Republic of Uganda and President of the Regional Peace Initiative for Burundi, guarantor of the implementation of the Global Ceasefire Agreement - (Signed) His Excellency Alpha Oumar KONARE, Chairperson of the Commission of the African Union - (Signed) His Excellency Ali MOHAMED SHENI on behalf of His Excellency Benjamin William MKAPA, President of the United Republic of Tanzania - (Signed) His Excellency Berhanu DINKA Special Representative of the Secretary-General of the United NationsDescription
This agreement provides for a Global Ceasefire for the CNDD-FDD. The CNDD-FDD adopts subsequently previous agreements. The parties commits to include the CNDD-FDD in the implementation of these previous agreements and calls the PALIPEHUTU-FNL to resume negotiations.
Agreement document
Groups
- Children/youth
No specific mention.
- Disabled persons
No specific mention.
- Elderly/age
No specific mention.
- Migrant workers
No specific mention.
- Racial/ethnic/national group
No specific mention.
- Religious groups
No specific mention.
- Indigenous people
No specific mention.
- Other groups
No specific mention.
- Refugees/displaced persons
No specific mention.
- Social class
No specific mention.
Gender
- Women, girls and gender
No specific mention.
- Men and boys
No specific mention.
- LGBTI
No specific mention.
- Family
No specific mention.
State definition
- Nature of state (general)Page 1, Untitled Preamble:
...
Reaffirming our commitment to build a political order and system of Government in keeping with the realities of our country and based on the values of justice, political pluralism, respect for the fundamental freedoms and rights of the individual, unity, solidarity, mutual understanding, tolerance and cooperation, - State configuration
No specific mention.
- Self determination
No specific mention.
- Referendum
No specific mention.
- State symbols
No specific mention.
- Independence/secession
No specific mention.
- Accession/unification
No specific mention.
- Border delimitation
No specific mention.
- Cross-border provision
No specific mention.
Governance
- Political institutions (new or reformed)
No specific mention.
- Elections
No specific mention.
- Electoral commission
No specific mention.
- Political parties reform
No specific mention.
- Civil society
No specific mention.
- Traditional/religious leaders
No specific mention.
- Public administration
No specific mention.
- ConstitutionGovernance→Constitution→Constitutional reform/makingPage 2, Article 3:
Any constitutional, legislative or regulatory provisions which are inconsistent with this Agreement shall be amended as soon as possible in order to bring them into line with this Agreement.
Power sharing
- Political power sharingPower sharing→Political power sharing→GeneralState levelArticle 1
The Global Ceasefire Agreement embraces the Ceasefire Agreement of 2 December 2002, the Joint Declaration of Agreement of 27 January 2003 on the final cessation of hostilities, the Pretoria Protocol of 8 October 2003 on political, defence and security power-sharing in Burundi, the Pretoria Protocol of 2 November 2003 on outstanding issues of political, defence and security power-sharing in Burundi, and the Pretoria Protocol of 2 November 2003 on the Technical Forces Agreement.
Page 3, Article 5
The Parties undertake to implement in full the agreements listed below:
– The Ceasefire Agreement between the Transitional Government of Burundi and the National Council
for the Defence of Democracy-Forces for the Defence of Democracy (CNDD-FDD), signed on 2 December
2002;
– The Pretoria Protocol signed on 27 January 2003;
– The Pretoria Protocol on political, defence and security power-sharing in Burundi, signed on 8
October 2003;
– The Pretoria Protocol on outstanding issues of political, defence and security power-sharing,
signed on 2 November 2003;
– The Technical Forces Agreement, signed on 2 November 2003. - Territorial power sharing
No specific mention.
- Economic power sharing
No specific mention.
- Military power sharingPower sharing→Military power sharing→ProportionalityPage 2, Article 1:
The Global Ceasefire Agreement embraces the Ceasefire Agreement of 2 December 2002, the Joint Declaration of Agreement of 27 January 2003 on the final cessation of hostilities, the Pretoria Protocol of 8 October 2003 on political, defence and security power-sharing in Burundi, the Pretoria Protocol of 2 November 2003 on outstanding issues of political, defence and security power-sharing in Burundi, and the Pretoria Protocol of 2 November 2003 on the Technical Forces Agreement.
Human rights and equality
- Human rights/RoL generalPage 1, Untitled Preamble:
...
Reaffirming our commitment to build a political order and system of Government in keeping with the realities of our country and based on the values of justice, political pluralism, respect for the fundamental freedoms and rights of the individual, unity, solidarity, mutual understanding, tolerance and cooperation, - Bill of rights/similar
No specific mention.
- Treaty incorporation
No specific mention.
- Civil and political rights
No specific mention.
- Socio-economic rights
No specific mention.
Rights related issues
- Citizenship
No specific mention.
- Democracy
No specific mention.
- Detention procedures
No specific mention.
- Media and communication
No specific mention.
- Mobility/access
No specific mention.
- Protection measures
No specific mention.
- Other
No specific mention.
Rights institutions
- NHRI
No specific mention.
- Regional or international human rights institutions
No specific mention.
Justice sector reform
- Criminal justice and emergency law
No specific mention.
- State of emergency provisions
No specific mention.
- Judiciary and courts
No specific mention.
- Prisons and detention
No specific mention.
- Traditional Laws
No specific mention.
Socio-economic reconstruction
- Development or socio-economic reconstructionSocio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Socio-economic developmentPage 1, Untitled Preamble:
...
Reaffirming our unshakeable determination to put an end to the root causes of the continuing situation of violence, bloodshed, insecurity, political instability, and exclusion, which has heaped distress and suffering on the Burundian people and is seriously compromising the prospects for economic development and the establishment of equality and social justice in our country, - National economic plan
No specific mention.
- Natural resources
No specific mention.
- International funds
No specific mention.
- Business
No specific mention.
- Taxation
No specific mention.
- Banks
No specific mention.
Land, property and environment
- Land reform/rights
No specific mention.
- Pastoralist/nomadism rights
No specific mention.
- Cultural heritage
No specific mention.
- Environment
No specific mention.
- Water or riparian rights or access
No specific mention.
Security sector
- Security Guarantees
No specific mention.
- CeasefireSecurity sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provisionThe agreement provides entirely for a ceasefire.
- Police
No specific mention.
- Armed forces
No specific mention.
- DDR
No specific mention.
- Intelligence services
No specific mention.
- Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forcesPage 2, Article 4:
The Parties appeal to the Party for the Liberation of the Hutu People-National Liberation Forces (PALIPEHUTU-FNL) immediately to suspend hostilities and acts
of violence and to join the negotiations with the Government as soon as possible.
If the PALIPEHUTU-FNL categorically refuses to resume negotiations, the signatories of this Agreement, the Regional Peace Initiative for Burundi, the African
Union and the United Nations will deem it to be an organization inimical to the peace and security of Burundi and will treat it as such. - Withdrawal of foreign forces
No specific mention.
- Corruption
No specific mention.
- Crime/organised crime
No specific mention.
- Drugs
No specific mention.
- Terrorism
No specific mention.
Transitional justice
- Transitional justice generalPage 1, Untitled Preamble:
...
Reaffirming our unshakeable determination to put an end to the root causes of the continuing situation of violence, bloodshed, insecurity, political instability, and exclusion, which has heaped distress and suffering on the Burundian people and is seriously compromising the prospects for economic development and the establishment of equality and social justice in our country, - Amnesty/pardon
No specific mention.
- Courts
No specific mention.
- Mechanism
No specific mention.
- Prisoner release
No specific mention.
- Vetting
No specific mention.
- Victims
No specific mention.
- Missing persons
No specific mention.
- Reparations
No specific mention.
- Reconciliation
No specific mention.
Implementation
- UN signatory- (Signed) His Excellency Berhanu DINKA Special Representative of the Secretary-General of the United Nations
- Other international signatory2. Co-signatories:
- (Signed) His Excellency Jacob ZUMA, Deputy President of the Republic of South Africa, Facilitator
- (Signed) His Excellency Joachim CHISSANO, President of the Republic of Mozambique and current President of the African Union
- (Signed) His Excellency Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI President of the Republic of Uganda and President of the Regional Peace Initiative for Burundi, guarantor of the implementation of the Global Ceasefire Agreement
- (Signed) His Excellency Alpha Oumar KONARE, Chairperson of the Commission of the African Union
- (Signed) His Excellency Ali MOHAMED SHENI on behalf of His Excellency Benjamin William MKAPA, President of the United Republic of Tanzania - Referendum for agreement
No specific mention.
- International mission/force/similarPage 3, Article 6:
The agreements shall be implemented by the existing peace-process institutions in Burundi:
– The African Mission in Burundi;
...
– The Joint Ceasefire Commission. - Enforcement mechanismPage 3, Article 6:
The agreements shall be implemented by the existing peace-process institutions in Burundi:
– The African Mission in Burundi;
– The Implementation Monitoring Committee;
– The Joint Ceasefire Commission.
– The implementation process shall be conducted in conformity with the timetable agreed upon in the agreements mentioned above. - Related cases
No specific mention.
- Sourcehttp://peacemaker.un.org
Global Ceasefire Agreement
The Transitional Government of the Republic of Burundi and the National Council for the Defence of Democracy-Forces for the Defence of Democracy (CNDD-FDD), hereinafter referred to as “the Parties”,
Taking note of the Ceasefire Agreement of 2 December 2002, the Joint Declaration of Agreement of 27 January 2003 on the final cessation of hostilities, the Pretoria Protocol of 8 October 2003 on political, defence and security power- sharing in Burundi, the Pretoria Protocol of 2 November 2003 on outstanding issues of political, defence and security power-sharing in Burundi and the Protocol on the Technical Forces Agreement, all concluded between the Parties with a view to the establishment of lasting peace, security and stability in Burundi,
Recalling the principles and objectives of the Arusha Peace and Reconciliation Agreement for Burundi and the Transitional Constitution of the Republic of Burundi,
Recalling our commitment to respect and implement in good faith the agreements and protocols concluded for the purposes of ending the war and rebuilding Burundi,
Reaffirming our unshakeable determination to put an end to the root causes of the continuing situation of violence, bloodshed, insecurity, political instability, and exclusion, which has heaped distress and suffering on the Burundian people and is seriously compromising the prospects for economic development and the establishment of equality and social justice in our country,
Reaffirming our commitment to build a political order and system of Government in keeping with the realities of our country and based on the values of justice, political pluralism, respect for the fundamental freedoms and rights of the individual, unity, solidarity, mutual understanding, tolerance and cooperation,
In the presence of:
His Excellency Jacob ZUMA, Deputy President of the Republic of South
Africa, Facilitator for the negotiation of the Ceasefire Agreement
His Excellency Joachim CHISSANO, President of the Republic of Mozambique and current President of the African Union
His Excellency Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI, President of the Republic of Uganda and President of the Regional Peace Initiative for Burundi
His Excellency Dr. Ali Mohamed SHENI, Vice-President of the United Republic of Tanzania
His Excellency Joseph KABILA, President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
His Excellency Méles ZENAWI, Prime Minister of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
His Excellency Ambassador Berhanu DINKA, Special Representative of the Secretary-General of the United Nations
His Excellency Patrick MAZIMPAKA, Vice-Chairperson of the Commission of the African Union
His Excellency Charles MURIGANDE, Minister for Foreign Affairs and Cooperation of the Republic of Rwanda
His Excellency Ondo METHOGO, Deputy Prime Minister of the Gabonese Republic
His Excellency Ngunjiri NJUGUNA, Ambassador of the Republic of Kenya to Tanzania
His Excellency Joshua M. SIMYANDI, Ambassador of the Republic of Zambia to Tanzania
We solemnly declare ourselves to be bound by the provisions of the following Global Ceasefire Agreement:
Article 1
The Global Ceasefire Agreement embraces the Ceasefire Agreement of 2 December 2002, the Joint Declaration of Agreement of 27 January 2003 on the final cessation of hostilities, the Pretoria Protocol of 8 October 2003 on political, defence and security power-sharing in Burundi, the Pretoria Protocol of 2 November 2003 on outstanding issues of political, defence and security power-sharing in Burundi, and the Pretoria Protocol of 2 November 2003 on the Technical Forces Agreement.
Article 2
The Global Ceasefire Agreement is an integral part of the Arusha Peace and Reconciliation Agreement for Burundi.
It revokes all earlier conflicting provisions of the Arusha Agreement in relation to the CNDD-FDD Movement.
Article 3
Any constitutional, legislative or regulatory provisions which are inconsistent with this Agreement shall be amended as soon as possible in order to bring them into line with this Agreement.
Article 4
The Parties appeal to the Party for the Liberation of the Hutu People-National Liberation Forces (PALIPEHUTU-FNL) immediately to suspend hostilities and acts of violence and to join the negotiations with the Government as soon as possible.
If the PALIPEHUTU-FNL categorically refuses to resume negotiations, the signatories of this Agreement, the Regional Peace Initiative for Burundi, the African Union and the United Nations will deem it to be an organization inimical to the peace and security of Burundi and will treat it as such.
Article 5
The Parties undertake to implement in full the agreements listed below:
– The Ceasefire Agreement between the Transitional Government of Burundi and the National Council for the Defence of Democracy-Forces for the Defence of Democracy (CNDD-FDD), signed on 2 December 2002;
– The Pretoria Protocol signed on 27 January 2003;
– The Pretoria Protocol on political, defence and security power-sharing in Burundi, signed on 8 October 2003;
– The Pretoria Protocol on outstanding issues of political, defence and security power-sharing, signed on 2 November 2003;
– The Technical Forces Agreement, signed on 2 November 2003.
Article 6
The agreements shall be implemented by the existing peace-process institutions in Burundi:
– The African Mission in Burundi;
– The Implementation Monitoring Committee;
– The Joint Ceasefire Commission.
–The implementation process shall be conducted in conformity with the timetable agreed upon in the agreements mentioned above.
Article 7
This Global Ceasefire Agreement shall enter into force on the day of its signature.
Article 8
Original copies of the French text shall be deposited with the Secretary- General of the United Nations, the Chairperson of the Commission of the African Union, and the Transitional Government of Burundi.
Certified copies shall be kept by the Parties.
Signed at Dar-es-Salaam on 16 November 2003.
1. Signatories:
For the Transitional Government of Burundi
(Signed) His Excellency Domitien NDAYIZEYE President of the Republic
For the National Council for the Defence of Democracy-Forces for the Defence of Democracy
(Signed) Mr. Pierre NKURUNZIZA Legal Representative
2. Co-signatories:
(Signed) His Excellency Jacob ZUMA
Deputy President of the Republic of South Africa, Facilitator
(Signed) His Excellency Joachim CHISSANO President of the Republic of Mozambique
and current President of the African Union
(Signed) His Excellency Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI
President of the Republic of Uganda and President of the Regional Peace Initiative for Burundi, guarantor of the implementation of the Global Ceasefire Agreement
(Signed) His Excellency Alpha Oumar KONARE Chairperson of the Commission of the African Union
(Signed) His Excellency Ali MOHAMED SHENI on behalf of His Excellency Benjamin William MKAPA
President of the United Republic of Tanzania
(Signed) His Excellency Berhanu DINKA
Special Representative of the Secretary-General of the United Nations