The Washington Declaration
Export agreement coding (PDF)Country/entity
Israel
Jordan
PalestineRegion
Middle East and North Africa
Middle East and North Africa
Middle East and North AfricaAgreement name
The Washington DeclarationDate
26 Jul 1994Agreement status
Multiparty signed/agreedInterim arrangement
YesAgreement/conflict level
Interstate/intrastate conflict(s) ( )Stage
Pre-negotiation/processConflict nature
TerritoryPeace process
Israel-Palestine peace processParties
Israel, signed by Yitzak Rabin; Jordan, signed by King Hussein;Third parties
mediated by Bill Clinton US PresidentDescription
Affirms a common commitment to peace. Affirms the Common Agenda programmes and takes steps to further normalise relations between Israel and Jordan.
Agreement document
Groups
- Children/youth
No specific mention.
- Disabled persons
No specific mention.
- Elderly/age
No specific mention.
- Migrant workers
No specific mention.
- Racial/ethnic/national group
No specific mention.
- Religious groupsGroups→Religious groups→SubstantivePage 2, B. 3. Israel respects the present special role of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in Muslim holy shrines in Jerusalem. When negotiations on the permanent status will take place, Israel will give high priority to the Jordanian historic role in these shrines. In addition, the two sides have agreed to act together to promote interfaith relations among the three monotheistic religions.
- Indigenous people
No specific mention.
- Other groups
No specific mention.
- Refugees/displaced persons
No specific mention.
- Social class
No specific mention.
Gender
- Women, girls and gender
No specific mention.
- Men and boys
No specific mention.
- LGBTI
No specific mention.
- Family
No specific mention.
State definition
- Nature of state (general)Page 2, B. 4. The two countries recognize their right and obligation to live in peace with each other as well as with all States within secure and recognized boundaries. The two States affirmed their respect for and acknowledgment of the sovereignty, territorial integrity and political independence of every State in the area.
- State configuration
No specific mention.
- Self determination
No specific mention.
- Referendum
No specific mention.
- State symbols
No specific mention.
- Independence/secession
No specific mention.
- Accession/unification
No specific mention.
- Border delimitationPage 3, F. ... In this spirit His Majesty King Hussein and Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin have today approved a series of steps to symbolize the new era which is now at hand:
... 3. Two new border crossings will be opened between Jordan and Israel - one at the southern tip of Aqaba-Eilat and the other at a mutually agreed point in the north.
Page 4, F.
All these steps are being implemented within the framework of regional infrastructural development plans and in conjunction with the Jordan-Israel bilaterals on boundaries, security, water and related issues and without prejudice to the final outcome of the negotiations on the items included in the agreed common agenda between Jordan and Israel. - Cross-border provisionPage 3, F. ... In this spirit His Majesty King Hussein and Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin have today approved a series of steps to symbolize the new era which is now at hand:
... 2. The electricity grids of Jordan and Israel will be linked as part of a regional concept.
Governance
- Political institutions (new or reformed)
No specific mention.
- Elections
No specific mention.
- Electoral commission
No specific mention.
- Political parties reform
No specific mention.
- Civil society
No specific mention.
- Traditional/religious leaders
No specific mention.
- Public administration
No specific mention.
- Constitution
No specific mention.
Power sharing
- Political power sharing
No specific mention.
- Territorial power sharing
No specific mention.
- Economic power sharingPower sharing→Economic power sharing→Sharing of resourcesPage 3, E. ...In this framework, mindful of items of the agreed common agenda (borders and territorial matters) they noted that the boundary subcommission reached agreement in July 1994 in fulfilment of part of the role entrusted to it in the sub-agenda. They also noted that the subcommission for water, environment and energy agreed to recognize mutually, as a result of their negotiations, the rightful allocations of the two sides in Jordan River and Yarmouk River waters and to respect fully and comply with the negotiated rightful allocations, in accordance with agreed acceptable principles with mutually acceptable quality.
- Military power sharing
No specific mention.
Human rights and equality
- Human rights/RoL general
No specific mention.
- Bill of rights/similar
No specific mention.
- Treaty incorporation
No specific mention.
- Civil and political rights
No specific mention.
- Socio-economic rightsF. parties agree to series of bilateral economic measures of cooperation
Rights related issues
- Citizenship
No specific mention.
- Democracy
No specific mention.
- Detention procedures
No specific mention.
- Media and communicationRights related issues→Media and communication→Media logisticsPage 3, F. ... In this spirit His Majesty King Hussein and Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin have today approved a series of steps to symbolize the new era which is now at hand:
1. Direct telephone links will be opened between Jordan and Israel. - Mobility/access
No specific mention.
- Protection measures
No specific mention.
- Other
No specific mention.
Rights institutions
- NHRI
No specific mention.
- Regional or international human rights institutions
No specific mention.
Justice sector reform
- Criminal justice and emergency law
No specific mention.
- State of emergency provisions
No specific mention.
- Judiciary and courts
No specific mention.
- Prisons and detention
No specific mention.
- Traditional Laws
No specific mention.
Socio-economic reconstruction
- Development or socio-economic reconstructionSocio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Socio-economic developmentPage 4, F. 7. Negotiations on economic matters will continue in order to prepare for future bilateral cooperation including the abolition of all economic boycotts.
Page 4, F.
All these steps are being implemented within the framework of regional infrastructural development plans and in conjunction with the Jordan-Israel bilaterals on boundaries, security, water and related issues and without prejudice to the final outcome of the negotiations on the items included in the agreed common agenda between Jordan and Israel. - National economic plan
No specific mention.
- Natural resources
No specific mention.
- International funds
No specific mention.
- Business
No specific mention.
- Taxation
No specific mention.
- Banks
No specific mention.
Land, property and environment
- Land reform/rights
No specific mention.
- Pastoralist/nomadism rights
No specific mention.
- Cultural heritageLand, property and environment→Cultural heritage→TangiblePage 2, B. 3. Israel respects the present special role of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in Muslim holy shrines in Jerusalem. When negotiations on the permanent status will take place, Israel will give high priority to the Jordanian historic role in these shrines. In addition, the two sides have agreed to act together to promote interfaith relations among the three monotheistic religions.
- EnvironmentPage 3, E. His Majesty King Hussein and Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin took note of the progress made in the bilateral negotiations within the Jordan-Israel track last week on the steps decided to implement the sub-agendas on borders, territorial matters, security, water, energy, environment and the Jordan Rift Valley.
- Water or riparian rights or accessPage 3, E. His Majesty King Hussein and Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin took note of the progress made in the bilateral negotiations within the Jordan-Israel track last week on the steps decided to implement the sub-agendas on borders, territorial matters, security, water, energy, environment and the Jordan Rift Valley.
In this framework, mindful of items of the agreed common agenda (borders and territorial matters) they noted that the boundary subcommission reached agreement in July 1994 in fulfilment of part of the role entrusted to it in the sub-agenda. They also noted that the subcommission for water, environment and energy agreed to recognize mutually, as a result of their negotiations, the rightful allocations of the two sides in Jordan River and Yarmouk River waters and to respect fully and comply with the negotiated rightful allocations, in accordance with agreed acceptable principles with mutually acceptable quality.
Page 4, F.
All these steps are being implemented within the framework of regional infrastructural development plans and in conjunction with the Jordan-Israel bilaterals on boundaries, security, water and related issues and without prejudice to the final outcome of the negotiations on the items included in the agreed common agenda between Jordan and Israel.
Security sector
- Security GuaranteesPage 2, B. 5. The two countries desire to develop good neighbourly relations of cooperation between them to ensure lasting security and to avoid threats and the use of force between them.
Page 2, C. The long conflict between the two States is now coming to an end. In this spirit, the state of belligerency between Jordan and Israel has been terminated.
Page 3, E. His Majesty King Hussein and Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin took note of the progress made in the bilateral negotiations within the Jordan-Israel track last week on the steps decided to implement the sub-agendas on borders, territorial matters, security, water, energy, environment and the Jordan Rift Valley.
Page 4, F.
All these steps are being implemented within the framework of regional infrastructural development plans and in conjunction with the Jordan-Israel bilaterals on boundaries, security, water and related issues and without prejudice to the final outcome of the negotiations on the items included in the agreed common agenda between Jordan and Israel. - CeasefireSecurity sector→Ceasefire→General commitmentsPage 3, D. Following this declaration and in keeping with the agreed common agenda both countries will refrain from actions or activities by either side that may adversely affect the security of the other or may prejudice the final outcome of negotiations. Neither side will threaten the other by use of force, weapons or any other means against each other and both sides will thwart threats to security resulting from all kinds of terrorism.
- PolicePage 4, F. 6. The police forces of Jordan and Israel will cooperate in combating crime, with emphasis on smuggling and particularly drug smuggling. The United States will be invited to participate in this joint endeavour.
- Armed forces
No specific mention.
- DDR
No specific mention.
- Intelligence services
No specific mention.
- Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces
No specific mention.
- Withdrawal of foreign forces
No specific mention.
- Corruption
No specific mention.
- Crime/organised crime
No specific mention.
- Drugs
No specific mention.
- TerrorismPage 3, D. Following this declaration and in keeping with the agreed common agenda both countries will refrain from actions or activities by either side that may adversely affect the security of the other or may prejudice the final outcome of negotiations. Neither side will threaten the other by use of force, weapons or any other means against each other and both sides will thwart threats to security resulting from all kinds of terrorism.
Transitional justice
- Transitional justice general
No specific mention.
- Amnesty/pardon
No specific mention.
- Courts
No specific mention.
- Mechanism
No specific mention.
- Prisoner release
No specific mention.
- Vetting
No specific mention.
- Victims
No specific mention.
- Missing persons
No specific mention.
- Reparations
No specific mention.
- Reconciliation
No specific mention.
Implementation
- UN signatory
No specific mention.
- Other international signatory
No specific mention.
- Referendum for agreement
No specific mention.
- International mission/force/similar
No specific mention.
- Enforcement mechanism
No specific mention.
- Related cases
No specific mention.
- SourceIsraeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs; http://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/foreignpolicy/peace/guide/pages/the%20washington%20declaration.aspx
The Washington Declaration
Israel - Jordan - The United States
July 25th, 1994
After generations of hostility, blood and tears and in the wake of years of pain and wars, His Majesty King Hussein and Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin are determined to bring an end to bloodshed and sorrow.
It is in this spirit that His Majesty King Hussein of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and Prime Minister and Minister of Defense, Mr. Yitzhak Rabin of Israel, met in Washington today at the invitation of President William J. Clinton of the United States of America.
This initiative of President William J. Clinton constitutes an historic landmark in the United States' untiring efforts in promoting peace and stability in the Middle East.
The personal involvement of the President has made it possible to realise agreement on the content of this historic declaration.
The signing of this declaration bears testimony to the President's vision and devotion to the cause of peace.
In their meeting, His Majesty King Hussein and Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin have jointly reaffirmed the five underlying principles of their understanding on an Agreed Common Agenda designed to reach the goal of a just, lasting and comprehensive peace between the Arab States and the Palestinians, with Israel.
Jordan and Israel aim at the achievement of just, lasting and comprehensive peace between Israel and its neighbours and at the conclusion of a Treaty of Peace between both countries.
The two countries will vigorously continue their negotiations to arrive at a state of peace, based on Security Council Resolutions 242 and 338 in all their aspects, and founded on freedom, equality and justice.
Israel respects the present special role of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in Muslim Holy shrines in Jerusalem.
When negotiations on the permanent status will take place, Israel will give high priority to the Jordanian historic role in these shrines.
In addition the two sides have agreed to act together to promote interfaith relations among the three monotheistic religions.
The two countries recognise their right and obligation to live in peace with each other as well as with all states within secure and recognised boundaries.
The two states affirmed their respect for and acknowledgment of the sovereignty, territorial integrity and political independence of every state in the area.
The two countries desire to develop good neighbourly relations of cooperation between them to ensure lasting security and to avoid threats and the use of force between them.
The long conflict between the two states is now coming to an end.
In this spirit the state of belligerency between Jordan and Israel has been terminated.
Following this declaration and in keeping with the Agreed Common Agenda, both countries will refrain from actions or activities by either side that may adversely affect the security of the other or may prejudice the final outcome of negotiations.
Neither side will threaten the other by use of force, weapons, or any other means, against each otherm and both sides will thwart threats to security resulting from all kinds of terrorism.
His Majesty King Hussein and Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin took note of the progress made in the bilateral negotiations within the Jordan-Israel track last week on the steps decided to implement the sub- agendas on borders, territorial matters, security, water, energy, environment and the Jordan Rift Valley.
In this framework, mindful of items of the Agreed Common Agenda (borders and territorial matters) they noted that the boundary sub-commission has reached agreement in July 1994 in fulfillment of part of the role entrusted to it in the sub-agenda.
They also noted that the sub-commission for water, environment and energy agreed to mutually recognise, as the role of their negotiations, the rightful allocations of the two sides in Jordan River and Yarmouk River waters and to fully respect and comply with the negotiated rightful allocations, in accordance with agreed acceptable principles with mutually acceptable quality.
Similarly, His Majesty King Hussein and Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin expressed their deep satisfaction and pride in the work of the trilateral commission in its meeting held in Jordan on Wednesday, July 20th 1994, hosted by the Jordanian Prime Minister, Dr. Abdessalam al-Majali, and attended by Secretary of State Warren Christopher and Foreign Minister Shimon Peres.
They voiced their pleasure at the association and commitment of the United States in this endeavour.
His Majesty King Hussein and Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin believe that steps must be taken both to overcome psychological barriers and to break with the legacy of war.
By working with optimism towards the dividends of peace for all the people in the region, Jordan and Israel are determined to shoulder their responsibilities towards the human dimension of peace making.
They recognise imbalances and disparities are a root cause of extremism which thrives on poverty and unemployment and the degradation of human dignity.
In this spirit His Majesty King Hussein and Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin have today approved a series of steps to symbolise the new era which is now at hand:
Direct telephone links will be opened between Jordan and Israel.
The electricity grids of Jordan and Israel will be linked as part of a regional concept.
Two new border crossings will be opened between Jordan and Israel - one at the southern tip of Aqaba- Eilat and the other at a mutually agreed point in the north.
In principle free access will be given to third country tourists traveling between Jordan and Israel.
Negotiations will be accelerated on opening an international air corridor between both countries.
The police forces of Jordan and Israel will cooperate in combating crime with emphasis on smuggling and particularly drug smuggling.
The United States will be invited to participate in this joint endeavour.
Negotiations on economic matters will continue in order to prepare for future bilateral cooperation including the abolition of all economic boycotts.
All these steps are being implemented within the framework of regional infrastructural development plans and in conjunction with the Jordan-Israel bilaterals on boundaries, security, water and related issues and without prejudice to the final outcome of the negotiations on the items included in the Agreed Common Agenda between Jordan and Israel.
His Majesty King Hussein and Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin have agreed to meet periodically or whenever they feel necessary to review the progress of the negotiations and express their firm intention to shepherd and direct the process in its entirety.
In conclusion, His Majesty King Hussein and Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin wish to express once again their profound thanks and appreciation to President William J. Clinton and his Administration for their untiring efforts in furthering the cause of peace, justice and prosperity for all the peoples of the region.
They wish to thank the President personally for his warm welcome and hospitality.
In recognition of their appreciation to the President, His Majesty King Hussein and Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin have asked President William J. Clinton to sign this document as a witness and as a host to their meeting.
His Majesty King Hussein
Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin
President William J. Clinton