Agreement on Cessation of Hostiliities and Peaceful Settlement of Conflict in Liberia (Banjul III Agreement)

• Country/entity

  Liberia
  
• Region

  Africa (excl MENA)
  
• Agreement name

  Agreement on Cessation of Hostiliities and Peaceful Settlement of Conflict in Liberia (Banjul III Agreement)
• Date

  24 Oct 1990
• Agreement status

  Multiparty signed/agreed
• Interim arrangement

  Yes
• Agreement/conflict level

  Intrastate/intrastate conflict ( Liberian Civil Wars (1989 - 1997) (1999 - 2005) )
• Stage

  Ceasefire/related
• Conflict nature

  Government
• Peace process

  Liberia peace process
• Parties

  Done at Banjul, Republic of Gambia, this 24th day of October, 1990
  (Signed): Lieutenant-General John Hezekiah Bowen, For and on behalf of The Armed Forces of Liberia
  (Signed): For and on behalf of The National Patriotic Front of Liberia [Not signed by an NPFL representative]
  (Signed): Dr. Peter Lorkula Naigow For and on behalf of The Independent National Patriotic Front of Liberia
• Third parties

  Witnessed by: [signature illegible]
  Chairman, Ministerial Meeting of the ECOWAS Standing Mediation Committee
  [presumed to be H.E Alhaji Sir Dawda Kairaba Jawara, President of The Gambia]
• Description

  This agreement establishes the ECOWAS Standing Mediation Committee as an appropriate mechanism for conducting the Liberian Peace Negotiations on behalf of ECOWAS and provides for a ceasefire and its modalities between the Armed Forces of Liberia (AFL), and the Independent National Patriotic Front of Liberia (INPFL). The agreement was also originally meant to include the National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL) but no NPFL representative attended the negotiations or signed the agreement.

• Agreement document

  LR_901024_Banjul Ceasefire.pdf | Download PDF

Groups

Gender

State definition

Governance

Power sharing

Human rights and equality

Rights related issues

Rights institutions

Justice sector reform

Socio-economic reconstruction

Land, property and environment

Security sector

Transitional justice

Implementation

Agreement on Cessation of Hostilities and Peaceful Settlement of Conflict Between The Armed Forces of Liberia Represented by Lieutenant-General John Hezekiah Bowen, Head of Delegation, of the First Part, and The National Patriotic Front of Liberia Represented by ...[Not Represented], of the Second Part, and The Independent National Patriotic Front of Liberia Represented by Dr. Peter Lorkula Naigow, Head of Delegation, of the Third Part, Banjul, Republic of Gambia, 24 October 1990

Aware of the armed conflict existing between the parties to the conflict;

Recognising the wanton destruction of human life and property and the displacement of persons occasioned by the said conflict;

Considering the damage in various forms being caused by the armed conflict to the peace and security of the entire Liberian nation;

Determined to arrive at a peaceful and lasting settlement to the dispute through negotiations and to put an end to the situation which is seriously disrupting the normal life of the peaceful people of

Liberia;

Convinced that the ECOWAS Standing Mediation Committee established by the Authority of

Heads of State and Government of the Economic Community of West African States at its

Thirteenth Session held from 28 to 30 May in Banjul provides an appropriate mechanism for conducting such peace negotiations on behalf of ECOWAS;

Hereby agrees as follows:

Article 1

Cease-fire

Each Party hereby agrees to take immediately and as a contribution to the restoration and maintenance of peace and security throughout Liberia, the following measures:

cease all activities of a military and paramilitary nature, as well as all acts of violence as at 0600 hours on the seventh day from signature of this Agreement;

refrain from importing or acquiring or assisting or encouraging the importation and acquisition of weapons or war materials;

refrain from any activity which might prejudice the functioning of the Interim Government or the holding of democratically conducted general and presidential elections for a new government for the governance of Liberia;

confine its troops to positions to be determined by ECOMOG in consultation with the parties;

ECOMOG shall disarm all troops and other armed residents, immediately all the three parties sign this Agreement;

assist ECOMOG in the drawing up of a buffer zone of at least thirty (30) km wide to separate the opposing forces, and of standard operating procedures (SOPs) for check-point operations;

agree that ECOMOG may inspect all ships calling at any Liberian port and all vehicles and aircraft entering through the land borders, airfields and other entry points of Liberia to ensure that the provisions of this Cease-fire Agreement are being respected and observed;

release all hostages, political prisoners and prisoners of war;

respect, unless otherwise suspended to facilitate the administration of the country by the Interim Government, the Constitution of the Republic of Liberia adopted on 6 January 1986;

fully co-operate with the ECOWAS Standing Mediation Committee, the ECOWAS Executive Secretary and the ECOWAS Cease-fire Monitoring Group (ECOMOG) for the effective maintenance of the cease-fire and for the restoration of law and order.

In order to arrive at a peaceful and lasting settlement of the dispute, the parties hereby accept the ECOWAS Cease-fire Monitoring Group (ECOMOG) established under the authority of the Chairman of the Authority of Heads of State and Government of ECOWAS and under the command of an ECOWAS Member State.

ECOMOG shall be as presently constituted and may include military contingents from Member States of ECOWAS able and willing to contribute.

ECOMOG shall assist the ECOWAS Standing Mediation Committee in supervising the implementation and in ensuring the strict compliance by the parties with the provisions of this Cease-fire Agreement throughout the territory of Liberia.

Article 2

Compliance with this Agreement

The parties undertake to observe strictly the terms of this Agreement and to abstain from any action likely to impede the mediation process or the return of Liberia to peace and stability.

Article 3

Entry Into Force

This Agreement shall enter into force upon signature by the duly mandated representatives of the

parties hereto.

Done at Banjul, Republic of Gambia, this 24th day of October, 1990

(Signed): [signatures illegible]

For and on behalf of:

The Armed Forces of Liberia

The National Patriotic Front of Liberia [Not signed by an NPFL representative]

The Independent National Patriotic Front of Liberia

Witnessed by:

[signature illegible]

Chairman, Ministerial Meeting of the ECOWAS Standing Mediation Committee