The Resolution Adopted at the Conclusion of the National Consultative Peace Jirga

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Country/entity: Afghanistan
Region: Europe and Eurasia
Agreement name: The Resolution Adopted at the Conclusion of the National Consultative Peace Jirga
Date: 6 Jun 2010
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Afghan Wars (1979 - )
The agreements are drawn from two distinct conflict periods. Post Soviet-intervention period. First, after an uprising against the communist government, the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in December 1979 and set up a puppet government. Fierce resistance came in on the form of domestic and foreign Mujahidin fighters who, by 1988, forced the Soviet Union to withdraw. The Communist government that remained was defeated in 1992 against a background of violence, which spiralled into a tumultuous multi-party civil war with a strong tribal basis. In 1993 a peace accord was signed, but by 1994 the conflict realigned itself as the Islamic-based Taliban emerged from the refugee camps, eventually occupying the capital city of Kabul in September 1996 spurring groups that had militantly opposed the communist government to unite in opposition to the Taliban.

Post US-intervention period. After the terror attacks on September 11, 2001, the United States invaded Afghanistan and removed the Taliban from power. In December 2001, the UNSC mandated the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) to assist Afghanistan’s interim authorities. In 2003 ISAF command was placed under NATO’s responsibility. Within three years, however, the Taliban managed to re-group and re-structure and launched intense resistance to the internationally-recognized Afghanistan government and NATO support troops. Despite this resurgence of the Taliban, NATO leaders lacked the necessary support for the mission abroad, and NATO troops were withdrawn by the end of 2014.
Stage: Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature: Government
Peace process: Afghanistan: 2000s Post-intervention process
Parties: Not signed, agreement mentions the following parties as having produced it: The National Consultative Peace Jirga (NCPJ) participated by 1,600 delegates...including from both Houses of the Parliament, Provincial Councils, religious scholars, tribal leaders, civil society organizations, Afghan refugees residing in Iran and Pakistan
Third parties: -
Description: This short resolution was adopted by the National Consultative Peace Jirga. The agreement contains declarations which lay out the principles and a framework for potential talks between the government of Afghanistan, international actors, and opposition groups, referred to as 'the Disaffected'.

Agreement document: AF_100606_Conclusion of the National Consultative Peace Jirga.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: Groups→Children/youth→Rhetorical
Page 3, Framework for Talks with the Disaffected, 8
...
People of Afghanistan demand a just peace which can guarantee the rights of its all citizens including women and children.

Page 4, Developing Mechanism for Negotiation with the Disaffected, 12
We, the participants of the Jirga commit ourselves to act as messengers of peace and take the message of the Jirga to our communities and our people in our areas and to cooperate with the local authorities, tribal elders, youth and the women for the objective of ensuring peace.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: Groups→Religious groups→Rhetorical
Page 1, Untitled Preamble
...
We recognize and thank the Muslim people of Afghanistan for the resilience, tolerance, patience and sacrifices they have made for a sustainable peace and public prosperity.

Page 3, Framework for Talks with the Disaffected, 10
We, the participants of the Jirga call upon our Muslim nation to join hands with the Government to bring an end to the current insecurity and instability and help make the process a success.
Groups→Religious groups→Substantive
Page 2, Understanding, Negotiation and Agreement for Sustainable Peace, 7
...
building capacity for Islamic and general education should be placed as top government programs.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: Groups→Refugees/displaced persons→Other
Page 1, Untitled Preamble
The National Consultative Peace Jirga (NCPJ) participated by 1,600 delegates representing the suffering nation of Afghanistan from all walks of life including
...
Afghan refugees residing in Iran and Pakistan
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: Page 3, Framework for Talks with the Disaffected, 8
We call upon the government of Afghanistan and the international troops stationed in the country:
...
People of Afghanistan demand a just peace which can guarantee the rights of its all citizens including women and children. For the purpose of social justice, the Jirga urges that laws be applied equally on all citizens of the country

Page 4, Developing Mechanism for Negotiation with the Disaffected, 12
We, the participants of the Jirga commit ourselves to act as messengers of peace and take the message of the Jirga to our communities and our people in our areas and to cooperate with the local authorities, tribal elders, youth and the women for the objective of ensuring peace.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: Page 1, Untitled Preamble
The National Consultative Peace Jirga (NCPJ) participated by 1,600 delegates representing the suffering nation of Afghanistan from all walks of life including
...
civil society organizations
Traditional/religious leaders: Page 1, Untitled Preamble
The National Consultative Peace Jirga (NCPJ) participated by 1,600 delegates representing the suffering nation of Afghanistan from all walks of life including
...
religious scholars, tribal leaders

Page 2, Understanding, Negotiation and Agreement for Sustainable Peace, 4
We, the participants seriously request that the aspiration of the people and of the Jirga members and their decisions be respected and put to practice, any action otherwise would be a major harm to the traditional value of the Jirga.

Page 3, Framework for Talks with the Disaffected, 9
we the participants of the Jirga call on scholars and clerics in mosques and the mass media including audio visual and print to fulfill their duties in promoting peace and preaching against violence

Page 4, Developing Mechanism for Negotiation with the Disaffected, 11
...
The Commission would create by the passage of time its local offices at district and provincial levels and would be represented by different people including
...
religious scholars, tribal elders,

Page 4, Developing Mechanism for Negotiation with the Disaffected, 12
We, the participants of the Jirga commit ourselves to act as messengers of peace and take the message of the Jirga to our communities and our people in our areas and to cooperate with the local authorities, tribal elders, youth and the women for the objective of ensuring peace.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: Power sharing→Political power sharing→Other
State level
Sub-state level
Page 4, Developing Mechanism for Negotiation with the Disaffected

11. A high Peace Council or Commission should be created to follow up on the recommendations made by the Jirga and the Peace Process. The Commission would create by the passage of time its local offices at district and provincial levels and would be represented by different people including our patriotic brothers and sisters, religious scholars, tribal elders, a representative from each House of the parliament, and a person to represent the militants who have given up violence. The Commission shall form a special committee to handle the issues related to the release and return to normal life of the prisoners.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: Page 3, Framework for Talks with the Disaffected, 8
...
People of Afghanistan demand a just peace which can guarantee the rights of its all citizens including women and children.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: Rights related issues→Citizenship→Citizen, general
Page 1, Untitled Preamble
...
Recognizing our religious and national obligations and the need for peace as a vital and righteous demand of every Afghan citizen, we, the participants of the NCPJ fully support President Hamid Karzai’s commitment and initiative to consult the nation to reach through peaceful means to a lasting peace and end to the conflict and bloodshed.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: Rights related issues→Media and communication→Media roles
Page 3, Framework for Talks with the Disaffected, 9
we the participants of the Jirga call on scholars and clerics in mosques and the mass media including audio visual and print to fulfill their duties in promoting peace and preaching against violence
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Socio-economic development
Page 2, Understanding, Negotiation and Agreement for Sustainable Peace, 7
Providing for investment that can lead to economic, human resources and infrastructure development aimed at creating employment, poverty reduction and building capacity for Islamic and general education should be placed as top government programs.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: Page 1, Untitled Preamble
...
The People of Afghanistan highly value the support by the international community and the United States in particular and for their help to rebuild our state institutions and infrastructure and call for their continued effective and institutional support and assistance. We express our gratitude for the sincere efforts by the Muslim countries especially by Saudi King (the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques) and Republic of Turkey to help ensure peace in our war stricken country and want that the efforts continue, speed up and expand.

Page 3, Framework for Talks with the Disaffected, 8
...
We call on the international community to support the peace process led by the government of Afghanistan
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: Page 3, Framework for Talks with the Disaffected, 8
...
The government and the international forces should guarantee security and safety for those who join the peace process and should provide for a safe return of those in armed opposition

Page 3, Framework for Talks with the Disaffected, 10
...
The Government with cooperation from the people should take all required measures to ensure security and prevent destructive terrorist acts
Ceasefire: No specific mention.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: Page 3, Framework for Talks with the Disaffected, 8
...
International and Afghan forces are strongly requested to seriously avoid any unnecessary arrests and arbitrary searches of houses as well as aerial bombardment of residential areas that lead to civilian casualties. The government should take all required measures to be able to lead military operations and coordination among international forces operating in Afghanistan
...
The international community is suggested to expedite the process of equipping, training and strengthening Afghan national security forces, so they can get the capability in taking responsibility to provide security for their own country and people
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: Page 3, Framework for Talks with the Disaffected, 8
...
The disaffected in armed opposition should renounce violence and all other activities that result in killing our people and destroying the infrastructure and should dissociate themselves from Alqaeda and other terrorist groups

Page 4, Developing Mechanism for Negotiation with the Disaffected, 11
...
The Commission would create by the passage of time its local offices at district and provincial levels and would be represented by different people including
...
a person to represent the militants who have given up violence.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: Page 3, Framework for Talks with the Disaffected, 8
...
The government with public support should take every necessary step to deliver good governance, make sure appointments are made on the basis of merits, and fight administrative and moral corruption as well as illegal property possession at national and provincial level.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: Page 2, Understanding, Negotiation and Agreement for Sustainable Peace,
1. We, the participants of the NCPJ demand from all the parties engaged in conflict to act and comply by the teachings of Islam and respect the aspiration of the people of Afghanistan for lasting peace and ending war and fratricide through understanding and negotiations. The peace and reconciliation initiative shall be for and among Afghans only and does not include in anyway foreign extremist elements and international terrorist networks.

Page 3, Framework for Talks with the Disaffected, 8
... The disaffected in armed opposition should renounce violence and all other activities that result in killing our people and destroying the infrastructure and should dissociate themselves from Alqaeda and other terrorist groups

Page 3, Framework for Talks with the Disaffected, 10
... The Government with cooperation from the people should take all required measures to ensure security and prevent destructive terrorist acts

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: Transitional justice→Amnesty/pardon→Relief of other sanctions
Page 3, Framework for Talks with the Disaffected, 8
...
The government in agreement with the international community should take serious action in getting the names of those in opposition removed from the consolidated blacklist.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: Page 2, Framework for Talks with the Disaffected, 8
...
as a gesture of a goodwill, to take immediate and solid action in freeing from various prisons those detained based on inaccurate information or unsubstantiated allegations

Page 4, Developing Mechanism for Negotiation with the Disaffected, 11
...
The Commission shall form a special committee to handle the issues related to the release and return to normal life of the prisoners.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: Page 2, Understanding, Negotiation and Agreement for Sustainable Peace, 4
For a sustainable peace to be ensured, strong and sincere commitments by all the parties concerned is a must. We, the participants seriously request that the aspiration of the people and of the Jirga members and their decisions be respected and put to practice, any action otherwise would be a major harm to the traditional value of the Jirga.

Page 2, Understanding, Negotiation and Agreement for Sustainable Peace, 6
Avoiding any issues that can inflame ethnical, regional, linguistic, party, religious and political sensitivities and can strain the national unity must be placed as top working priorities for all parties concerned.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: UN Peacemaker
http://peacemaker.un.org/
http://peacemaker.un.org/node/1551

Resolution Adopted at the Conclusion of the National Consultative Peace Jirga

Loya Jirga Tent, Kabul, 6 June 2010

The National Consultative Peace Jirga (NCPJ) participated by 1,600 delegates representing the suffering nation of Afghanistan from all walks of life including from both Houses of the Parliament, Provincial Councils, religious scholars, tribal leaders, civil society organizations, Afghan refugees residing in Iran and Pakistan (Invitees had been divided into 13 categories) was held for consultation on seeking ways out for the insecurity and for a lasting peace in the country.

Professor Burhanuddin Rabani was selected to chair the Jirga.

Over the past three days, the delegates divided within various smaller working sessions debated proposals and details of each items of agenda and then took the issues to the general session and hereby agreed on the following:

Recognizing our religious and national obligations and the need for peace as a vital and righteous demand of every Afghan citizen, we, the participants of the NCPJ fully support President Hamid Karzai’s commitment and initiative to consult the nation to reach through peaceful means to a lasting peace and end to the conflict and bloodshed.

We recognize and thank the Muslim people of Afghanistan for the resilience, tolerance, patience and sacrifices they have made for a sustainable peace and public prosperity.

The People of Afghanistan highly value the support by the international community and the United States in particular and for their help to rebuild our state institutions and infrastructure and call for their continued effective and institutional support and assistance.

We express our gratitude for the sincere efforts by the Muslim countries especially by Saudi King (the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques) and Republic of Turkey to help ensure peace in our war stricken country and want that the efforts continue, speed up and expand.

We the participants of the NCPJ have taken the following decisions and call on the government of Afghanistan and the parties in conflict to take all sincere, immediate and practical measures for its implementation:

Understanding, Negotiation and Agreement for Sustainable Peace

We, the participants of the NCPJ demand from all the parties engaged in conflict to act and comply by the teachings of Islam and respect the aspiration of the people of Afghanistan for lasting peace and ending war and fratricide through understanding and negotiations.

The peace and reconciliation initiative shall be for and among Afghans only and does not include in anyway foreign extremist elements and international terrorist networks.

The government should develop a comprehensive program to follow up the peace process based on decisions by the NCPJ and change it into a national and standing strategy.

No peace efforts should bring to question the achievements made so far and its legal values and should not lead to a new crisis in the country.

For a sustainable peace to be ensured, strong and sincere commitments by all the parties concerned is a must.

We, the participants seriously request that the aspiration of the people and of the Jirga members and their decisions be respected and put to practice, any action otherwise would be a major harm to the traditional value of the Jirga.

We call on all the parties involved to avoid setting such conditions that can make it impossible for the understanding and negotiations to start, but rather express their goodwill by taking constructive and flexible approaches for the dialogue to begin.

Avoiding any issues that can inflame ethnical, regional, linguistic, party, religious and political sensitivities and can strain the national unity must be placed as top working priorities for all parties concerned.

Providing for investment that can lead to economic, human resources and infrastructure development aimed at creating employment, poverty reduction and building capacity for Islamic and general education should be placed as top government programs.

Framework for Talks with the Disaffected

We call upon the government of Afghanistan and the international troops stationed in the country:

as a gesture of a goodwill, to take immediate and solid action in freeing from various prisons those detained based on inaccurate information or unsubstantiated allegations;

The government in agreement with the international community should take serious action in getting the names of those in opposition removed from the consolidated blacklist;

The government and the international forces should guarantee security and safety for those who join the peace process and should provide for a safe return of those in armed opposition;

International and Afghan forces are strongly requested to seriously avoid any unnecessary arrests and arbitrary searches of houses as well as aerial bombardment of residential areas that lead to civilian casualties;

The government should take all required measures to be able to lead military operations and coordination among international forces operating in Afghanistan;

The disaffected in armed opposition should renounce violence and all other activities that result in killing our people and destroying the infrastructure and should dissociate themselves from Alqaeda and other terrorist groups;

The international community is suggested to expedite the process of equipping, training and strengthening Afghan national security forces, so they can get the capability in taking responsibility to provide security for their own country and people;

We want and urge for a long-term international commitment, so Afghanistan does not become again a playground for regional conflicts, and that external interferences can be averted and thus space for stronger regional cooperation can be provided;

We call on the international community to support the peace process led by the government of Afghanistan;

The government with public support should take every necessary step to deliver good governance, make sure appointments are made on the basis of merits, and fight administrative and moral corruption as well as illegal property possession at national and provincial level.

This is the key in boosting public confidence to the government and for a successful peace process;

People of Afghanistan demand a just peace which can guarantee the rights of its all citizens including women and children.

For the purpose of social justice, the Jirga urges that laws be applied equally on all citizens of the country;

2. we the participants of the Jirga call on scholars and clerics in mosques and the mass media including audio visual and print to fulfill their duties in promoting peace and preaching against violence;

3. We, the participants of the Jirga call upon our Muslim nation to join hands with the Government to bring an end to the current insecurity and instability and help make the process a success.

The Government with cooperation from the people should take all required measures to ensure security and prevent destructive terrorist acts.

Developing Mechanism for Negotiation with the Disaffected

A high Peace Council or Commission should be created to follow up on the recommendations made by the Jirga and the Peace Process.

The Commission would create by the passage of time its local offices at district and provincial levels and would be represented by different people including our patriotic brothers and sisters, religious scholars, tribal elders, a representative from each House of the parliament, and a person to represent the militants who have given up violence.

The Commission shall form a special committee to handle the issues related to the release and return to normal life of the prisoners.

We, the participants of the Jirga commit ourselves to act as messengers of peace and take the message of the Jirga to our communities and our people in our areas and to cooperate with the local authorities, tribal elders, youth and the women for the objective of ensuring peace.

To win the international community’s support to the Jirga decisions, the Government of Afghanistan should include the Resolution in the agenda for the Kabul Conference.

The Government is responsible to continuously and transparently communicate to public any progress achieved in the peace process through a mechanism to be established.

The recommendations by the 28 Committees of the Jirga are attached to this resolution to be used in developing the Action Plan and Peace Strategy.

In conclusion, the Peace Jirga on behalf of the Muslim nation of Afghanistan strongly denounce the latest brutal raid by Israeli forces on a flotilla of humanitarian aid in the international waters aimed at breaking the blockade in Gaza for the oppressed Palestinians and express its heartfelt condolences and deep sympathies to the families of the victims and to the wounded.

We call on the United Nations and the international community to end the oppressing blockade of Gaza.