Agreement between the TFG and the Puntland Regional State of Somalia (Galkayo Agreement)

  • Country/entity
    Somalia
    Puntland
  • Region
    Africa (excl MENA)
    Africa (excl MENA)
  • Agreement name
    Agreement between the TFG and the Puntland Regional State of Somalia (Galkayo Agreement)
  • Date
    23 Aug 2009
  • Agreement status
    Multiparty signed/agreed
  • Interim arrangement
    Yes
  • Agreement/conflict level
    Intrastate/intrastate conflict ( Somali Civil War (1991 - ) )
  • Stage
    Implementation/renegotiation
  • Conflict nature
    Government/territory
  • Peace process
    Somalia-Puntland Peace Process
  • Parties
    Prime Minister of TFG, signed by Omar Abdurashid Ali Sharmarke; President of Puntland, Abdurahman Mohamed Mohamed 'Farole'
  • Third parties
    -
  • Description
    Short agreement agreeing to integrate Puntland into the Transitional Federal Government, including Puntland participation in the constitutional drafting process; the participation of Puntland in meetings of interest to it; the continuation of the F.A.L. development plans by the Mogadishu government; establishing Somali Army training camps and a Maritime Police Forces center in Puntland; continuing the fight against piracy; distribution of education bursaries to Puntland; training teachers in Puntland; establishing international humanitarian offices in Puntland; keeping contact with Somalis abroad presevering Somali culture; integrating regional administrations.


Groups

  • Children/youth

    No specific mention.

  • Disabled persons

    No specific mention.

  • Elderly/age

    No specific mention.

  • Migrant workers

    No specific mention.

  • Racial/ethnic/national group

    No specific mention.

  • Religious groups

    No specific mention.

  • Indigenous people

    No specific mention.

  • Other groups

    No specific mention.

  • Refugees/displaced persons

    No specific mention.

  • Social class

    No specific mention.


Gender

  • Women, girls and gender
    Page 2, 11. The IFG Ministry of Education and that of Puntland shall have a joint working relationship and shall harmoniously work on means of training teachers and headmasters/headmistress. They will also work on means of unifying the curriculum of the Somali Education System.
  • Men and boys
    Gender→Men and boys→Gender neutral wording
    Page 2, 11. The IFG Ministry of Education and that of Puntland shall have a joint working relationship and shall harmoniously work on means of training teachers and headmasters/headmistress. They will also work on means of unifying the curriculum of the Somali Education System.
  • LGBTI

    No specific mention.

  • Family

    No specific mention.


State definition

  • Nature of state (general)
    Page 1, Art 1, To strengthen the Unity and Sovereignty of the Somali State and the TFG recognized Puntland as part of the Somali Republic, committed to peace, stability, law and order, with functioning administration and it is spearheading the Federal System of Administration in Somalia,
  • State configuration

    No specific mention.

  • Self determination

    No specific mention.

  • Referendum

    No specific mention.

  • State symbols

    No specific mention.

  • Independence/secession

    No specific mention.

  • Accession/unification

    No specific mention.

  • Border delimitation

    No specific mention.

  • Cross-border provision

    No specific mention.


Governance

  • Political institutions (new or reformed)
    Governance→Political institutions (new or reformed)→General references
    Page 1, 2, To speed-up the drafting of the Federal Constitution and nominate a Committee that will implement and conduct a referendum on the Constitution.
  • Elections

    No specific mention.

  • Electoral commission

    No specific mention.

  • Political parties reform

    No specific mention.

  • Civil society

    No specific mention.

  • Traditional/religious leaders

    No specific mention.

  • Public administration
    Page 1, Art 1, To strengthen the Unity and Sovereignty of the Somali State and the TFG recognized Puntland as part of the Somali Republic, committed to peace, stability, law and order, with functioning administration and it is spearheading the Federal System of Administration in Somalia,

    Page 2, Art. 15. Lastly, the two sides were in agreement that the Ministries of the TFG and those of the Puntland Regional Administration should establish permanent working relationship,
  • Constitution
    Governance→Constitution→Constitutional reform/making
    Page 1, 2, To speed-up the drafting of the Federal Constitution and nominate a Committee that will implement and conduct a referendum on the Constitution.

    3, To implement issues related to the constitution and the establishment of the Federal System of administration; to two sides agreed to set-up a centre in Garowe for the Constitution Drafting Committee. Puntland will provide the necessary help to the Committee to allow it fulfil its mandate.

Power sharing

  • Political power sharing

    No specific mention.

  • Territorial power sharing
    Power sharing→Territorial power sharing→Federal or similar sub-divided government
    Page 1, Art. 3, To implement issues related to the constitution and the establishment of the Federal System of administration; to two sides agreed to set-up a centre in Garowe for the Constitution Drafting Committee.

    Art. 4. In reference to the Transitional Federal Charter, the two sides agreed to speed up the establishment of the remaining Federal States, encourage and offer the necessary support to Puntland Regional State

    Page 1, Art. 5, Puntland, as a regional administration, will participate in meetings pertaining to its interests.
  • Economic power sharing

    No specific mention.

  • Military power sharing

    No specific mention.


Human rights and equality

  • Human rights/RoL general
    Page 1, Art 1, To strengthen the Unity and Sovereignty of the Somali State and the TFG recognized Puntland as part of the Somali Republic, committed to peace, stability, law and order, with functioning administration and it is spearheading the Federal System of Administration in Somalia,
  • Bill of rights/similar

    No specific mention.

  • Treaty incorporation

    No specific mention.

  • Civil and political rights

    No specific mention.

  • Socio-economic rights

    No specific mention.


Rights related issues

  • Citizenship

    No specific mention.

  • Democracy

    No specific mention.

  • Detention procedures

    No specific mention.

  • Media and communication

    No specific mention.

  • Mobility/access

    No specific mention.

  • Protection measures
    Rights related issues→Protection measures→Other
    Page 2, Art. 13. ... They [The TFG and Puntland] also appealed for the enhancement of Somali language, poetry, and protection of Somali Museums and historical sites.

    Page 2, Art. 13. The TFG and Puntland are appealing for the development and protection of the Islamic Religion and norms.
  • Other

    No specific mention.


Rights institutions

  • NHRI

    No specific mention.

  • Regional or international human rights institutions

    No specific mention.


Justice sector reform

  • Criminal justice and emergency law

    No specific mention.

  • State of emergency provisions

    No specific mention.

  • Judiciary and courts

    No specific mention.

  • Prisons and detention

    No specific mention.

  • Traditional Laws

    No specific mention.


Socio-economic reconstruction

  • Development or socio-economic reconstruction
    Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Socio-economic development
    Page 2, Art. 1O. The two sides agreed to give 25% of education bursaries received by the T FG .. These bursaries should be given through competitive examinations manned by the Puntland Ministry of Education and in this regard the TFG Ministry of Higher Education will play a supervisory role.

    Art. 11, The IFG Ministry of Education and that of Puntland shall have a joint working relationship and shall harmoniously work on means of training teachers and headmasters/headmistress. They will also work on means of unifying the curriculum of the Somali Education System
  • National economic plan
    Page 1, Art. 6, The TFG promises that it will strive with Puntland on ways of identifying and completing the developmental programs that were undertaken in Puntland by F.AL (Fonda Aiuto Italiano) before the collapse of the Somali Government in 1 992
  • Natural resources

    No specific mention.

  • International funds
    Page 1, 8. While acknowledging the threat being posed on the Regions in Puntland by the pirates, the TFG and the Puntland Administration agreed to establish a large centre for the Somali Marine Forces and called on the International Community to provide the proposed centre with the adequate support

    Page 2, Art 10. The two sides agreed to give 25% of education bursaries received by the T FG. These bursaries should be given through competitive examinations manned by the Puntland Ministry of Education and in this regard the TFG Ministry of Higher Education will play a supervisory role.

    ... Art. 12. The two sides agreed that offices of International Agencies involved in Somali affairs should be relocated to peaceful areas in Somalia such as Puntland.
  • Business

    No specific mention.

  • Taxation

    No specific mention.

  • Banks

    No specific mention.


Land, property and environment

  • Land reform/rights

    No specific mention.

  • Pastoralist/nomadism rights

    No specific mention.

  • Cultural heritage
    Land, property and environment→Cultural heritage→Tangible
    Page 2, Art. 13. ... They [The TFG and Puntland] also appealed for the enhancement of Somali language, poetry, and protection of Somali Museums and historical sites.
    Land, property and environment→Cultural heritage→Intangible
    Page 2, Art. 13. The TFG and Puntland are appealing for the development and protection of the Islamic Religion and norms.
    Land, property and environment→Cultural heritage→Promotion
    Page 2, Art. 14. The two sides also agreed to maintain permanent contacts with Somalis abroad and encourage them to preserve their culture, religion, language and to further encourage them to take part in the rehabilitation of the country. The Somalis are also advised to live in honour and dignity with the communities that host and offer them resettlement opportunities.
  • Environment

    No specific mention.

  • Water or riparian rights or access

    No specific mention.


Security sector

  • Security Guarantees

    No specific mention.

  • Ceasefire

    No specific mention.

  • Police

    No specific mention.

  • Armed forces
    Page 1, Art 7. The two sides agreed to establish training facilities in Puntland for the armed Somali forces and provide necessary logistics and material support.

    8. While acknowledging the threat being posed on the Regions in Puntland by the pirates, the TFG and the Puntland Administration agreed to establish a large centre for the Somali Marine Forces and called on the International Community to provide the proposed centre with the adequate support
  • DDR

    No specific mention.

  • Intelligence services

    No specific mention.

  • Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces
    Page 1, Art. 9. The TFG and the Puntland agreed to jointly corporate (sic) on means of fighting pirates and illegal immigrates who are posing threats to the overall peace in Somalia particularly in the Puntland area,
  • Withdrawal of foreign forces

    No specific mention.

  • Corruption

    No specific mention.

  • Crime/organised crime

    No specific mention.

  • Drugs

    No specific mention.

  • Terrorism

    No specific mention.


Transitional justice

  • Transitional justice general

    No specific mention.

  • Amnesty/pardon

    No specific mention.

  • Courts

    No specific mention.

  • Mechanism

    No specific mention.

  • Prisoner release

    No specific mention.

  • Vetting

    No specific mention.

  • Victims

    No specific mention.

  • Missing persons

    No specific mention.

  • Reparations

    No specific mention.

  • Reconciliation

    No specific mention.


Implementation

  • UN signatory

    No specific mention.

  • Other international signatory

    No specific mention.

  • Referendum for agreement

    No specific mention.

  • International mission/force/similar

    No specific mention.

  • Enforcement mechanism

    No specific mention.

  • Related cases

    No specific mention.

  • Source
    UN Peacemaker - http://peacemaker.un.org/; http://peacemaker.un.org/sites/peacemaker.un.org/files/SO_090823_Agreement%20between%20TFG%20and%20the%20Puntland%20Regional%20State%20of%20Somalia%20(Galcayo%20Agr.).pdf

In the name of Allah most Gracious most Merciful

An Agreement between the Transitional Federal Government and the Puntland Regional State of Somalia

23 August 2009

A high level delegation lead by Omar Abdurashid Ali Sharmarke, Prime Minister of the Transitional Federal Government, arrived for an official visit in the town of Galkayo, Puntland, where he was warmly received by the leaders of the Puntland Regional State including President Abdurahmam Mohamed Mohamued "Farole".

The two sides agreed on the following points:

1. To strengthen the Unity and Sovereignty of the Somali State and the TFG recognized Puntland as part of the Somali Republic, committed to peace, stability, law and order, with functioning administration and it is spearheading the Federal System of Administration in Somalia,

2. To speed-up the drafting of the Federal Constitution and nominate a Committee that will implement and conduct a referendum on the Constitution.

3. To implement issues related to the constitution and the establishment of the Federal System of administration;

to two sides agreed to set-up a centre in Garowe for the Constitution Drafting Committee.

Puntland will provide the necessary help to the Committee to allow it fulfil its mandate.

4. In reference to the Transitional Federal Charter, the two sides agreed to speed up the establishment of the remaining Federal States, encourage and offer the necessary support to Puntland Regional State

5. Puntland, as a regional administration, will participate in meetings pertaining to its interests.

6. The TFG promises that it will strive with Puntland on ways of identifying and completing the developmental programs that were undertaken in Puntland by F .AL (Fonda Aiuto Italiano) before the collapse of the Somali Government in 1991.

7. The two sides agreed to establish training facilities in Puntland for the armed Somali forces and provide necessary logistics and material support.

8. While acknowledging the threat being posed on the Regions in Puntland by the pirates, the TFG and the Puntland Administration agreed to establish a large centre for the Somali Marine Forces and called on the International Community to provide the proposed centre with the adequate support

9. The TFG and the Puntland agreed to jointly corporate on means of fighting pirates and illegal immigrates who are posing threats to the overall peace in Somalia particularly in the Puntland area,

10. The two sides agreed to give 25% of education bursaries received by the TFG .. These bursaries should be given through competitive examinations manned by the Puntland Ministry of Education and in this regard the TFG Ministry of Higher Education will play a supervisory role.

11 The IFG Ministry of Education and that ofPuntland shall have a joint working relationship and shall harmoniously work on means of training teachers and headmasters/headmistress.

They will also work on means of unifying the curriculum of the Somali Education System

12. The two sides agreed that offices of International Agencies involved in Somali affairs should be relocated to peaceful areas in Somalia such as Puntland.

13. The TFG and Puntland are appealing for the development and protection of the Islamic Religion and norms.

They also appealed for the enhancement of Somali language, poetry, and protection of Somali Museums and historical sites.

14. The two sides also agreed to maintain permanent contacts with Somalis abroad and encourage them to preserve their culture, religion, language and to further encourage them to take part in the rehabilitation of the country.

The Somalis are also advised to live in honour and dignity with the communities that host and offer them resettlement opportunities.

15. Lastly, the two sides were in agreement that the Ministries of the TFG and those of the Puntland Regional Administration should establish permanent working relationship,

Galkayo, 23 August 2009

Omar Abdurashid Ali Sharmarke

Prime Minister

Signatures

Abdurahmam Mohamed Mohamued "Farole".

President of Puntland State