Comprehensive Ceasefire Agreement, Pleso
Export agreement coding (PDF)Country/entity
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Yugoslavia (former)Region
Europe and Eurasia
Europe and EurasiaAgreement name
Comprehensive Ceasefire Agreement, PlesoDate
23 Dec 1994Agreement status
Multiparty signed/agreedInterim arrangement
YesAgreement/conflict level
Intrastate/intrastate conflict ( )Stage
Ceasefire/relatedConflict nature
Government/territoryPeace process
Bosnia peace processParties
Alija Izetbegovic; Rasim Delic; Radovan Karadzic; Ratko MladicThird parties
Witnessed by: Yasushi Akashi; Bertrand De La PresleDescription
This short agreement provides for a general ceasefire at 1200 hours on 24 December 1994, to last for four months and seven days. The parties agree to enable mobility of humanitarian convoys, release all detainees, and begin negotiations for a comprehensive cessation of hostilities.
Agreement document
Groups
- Children/youth
No specific mention.
- Disabled persons
No specific mention.
- Elderly/ageGroups→Elderly/age→Anti-discriminationPage 1, Article 4
...
All people, regardless of age, sex or ethnic origin, shall have the right to live in a location of their choice. - Migrant workers
No specific mention.
- Racial/ethnic/national groupGroups→Racial/ethnic/national group→Anti-discriminationPage 1, Article 4
...
All people, regardless of age, sex or ethnic origin, shall have the right to live in a location of their choice. - Religious groups
No specific mention.
- Indigenous people
No specific mention.
- Other groups
No specific mention.
- Refugees/displaced persons
No specific mention.
- Social class
No specific mention.
Gender
- Women, girls and genderPage 1, Article 4
The parties agree to protect the human rights of those persons residing within territory under their control in accordance with international standards, to include international humanitarian law. All peoples, regardless of age, sex or ethnic origin, shall have the right to live in a location of their choice. - Men and boys
No specific mention.
- LGBTI
No specific mention.
- Family
No specific mention.
State definition
- Nature of state (general)
No specific mention.
- State configuration
No specific mention.
- Self determination
No specific mention.
- Referendum
No specific mention.
- State symbols
No specific mention.
- Independence/secession
No specific mention.
- Accession/unification
No specific mention.
- Border delimitation
No specific mention.
- Cross-border provision
No specific mention.
Governance
- Political institutions (new or reformed)
No specific mention.
- Elections
No specific mention.
- Electoral commission
No specific mention.
- Political parties reform
No specific mention.
- Civil societyPage 1, Article 3
The parties shall enable the passage of UNPROFOR and humanitarian convoys as well as teams deployed for the purpose of monitoring the cease-fire in accordance with the terms of this agreement and existing procedures. The parties commit themselves to full respect for the safety and security of UNPROFOR, humanitarian and related personnel.
Page 1, Article 5
The parties agree to the prompt and unconditional release of all detainees, to include prisoners of war, and the release of all available information on missing persons, each to be carried out in its own right. The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) will elaborate, in conjunction with the parties, a plan of action to implement this portion of the agreement. - Traditional/religious leaders
No specific mention.
- Public administration
No specific mention.
- Constitution
No specific mention.
Power sharing
- Political power sharing
No specific mention.
- Territorial power sharing
No specific mention.
- Economic power sharing
No specific mention.
- Military power sharing
No specific mention.
Human rights and equality
- Human rights/RoL generalPage 1, Article 4
The parties agree to protect the human rights of those persons residing within territory under their control in accordance with international standards, to include international humanitarian law.
...
The human rights situation in all areas shall be subject to international monitoring and observation. - Bill of rights/similar
No specific mention.
- Treaty incorporation
No specific mention.
- Civil and political rights
No specific mention.
- Socio-economic rightsHuman rights and equality→Socio-economic rights→OtherPage 1, Article 4
...
All people, regardless of age, sex or ethnic origin, shall have the right to live in a location of their choice.
Rights related issues
- Citizenship
No specific mention.
- Democracy
No specific mention.
- Detention procedures
No specific mention.
- Media and communication
No specific mention.
- Mobility/accessPage 1, Article 3
The parties shall enable the passage of UNPROFOR and humanitarian convoys as well as teams deployed for the purpose of monitoring the cease-fire in accordance with the terms of this agreement and existing procedures. The parties commit themselves to full respect for the safety and security of UNPROFOR, humanitarian and related personnel. - Protection measures
No specific mention.
- OtherPage 1, Article 4
...
All people, regardless of age, sex or ethnic origin, shall have the right to live in a location of their choice.
Rights institutions
- NHRI
No specific mention.
- Regional or international human rights institutions
No specific mention.
Justice sector reform
- Criminal justice and emergency law
No specific mention.
- State of emergency provisions
No specific mention.
- Judiciary and courts
No specific mention.
- Prisons and detention
No specific mention.
- Traditional Laws
No specific mention.
Socio-economic reconstruction
- Development or socio-economic reconstructionSocio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Humanitarian assistancePage 1, Article 3
The parties shall enable the passage of UNPROFOR and humanitarian convoys as well as teams deployed for the purpose of monitoring the cease-fire in accordance with the terms of this agreement and existing procedures. - National economic plan
No specific mention.
- Natural resources
No specific mention.
- International funds
No specific mention.
- Business
No specific mention.
- Taxation
No specific mention.
- Banks
No specific mention.
Land, property and environment
- Land reform/rights
No specific mention.
- Pastoralist/nomadism rights
No specific mention.
- Cultural heritage
No specific mention.
- Environment
No specific mention.
- Water or riparian rights or access
No specific mention.
Security sector
- Security Guarantees
No specific mention.
- CeasefireSecurity sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision[Summary: Page 1-2, The agreement in its entirety provides for a general ceasefire.]
Page 1, Article 1
There shall be a general cease-fire along all lines of confrontation, which will take effect at 1200 hours on 24 December 1994. The general cease-fire shall be for an initial period of seven days and four months and shall be subject to renewal by agreement of the parties.
Page 1-2, Article 6
Negotiations aimed at achieving a comprehensive cessation of hostilities agreement for a period of no less than four months shall commence immediately after this agreement takes effect, with the intention of concluding the cessation of hostilities agreement by 1 January 1995. During the negotiations the Commanders of the parties in conflict will meet under the chairmanship of UNPROFOR to determine the military arrangements for the implementation of a cessation of all combat activities along all lines of confrontation. - Police
No specific mention.
- Armed forces
No specific mention.
- DDR
No specific mention.
- Intelligence services
No specific mention.
- Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces
No specific mention.
- Withdrawal of foreign forces
No specific mention.
- Corruption
No specific mention.
- Crime/organised crime
No specific mention.
- Drugs
No specific mention.
- Terrorism
No specific mention.
Transitional justice
- Transitional justice general
No specific mention.
- Amnesty/pardon
No specific mention.
- Courts
No specific mention.
- Mechanism
No specific mention.
- Prisoner releasePage 1, Article 5
The parties agree to the prompt and unconditional release of all detainees, to include prisoners of war, and the release of all available information on missing persons, each to be carried out in its own right. The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) will elaborate, in conjunction with the parties, a plan of action to implement this portion of the agreement. - Vetting
No specific mention.
- Victims
No specific mention.
- Missing personsPage 1, Article 5
The parties agree to the prompt and unconditional release of all detainees, to include prisoners of war, and the release of all available information on missing persons, each to be carried out in its own right. The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) will elaborate, in conjunction with the parties, a plan of action to implement this portion of the agreement. - Reparations
No specific mention.
- Reconciliation
No specific mention.
Implementation
- UN signatorySigned as witnesses by Special Representatives of the Secretary General, Mr Yasushi Akashi, and UNPROFOR Commander Bertrand De La Presle
- Other international signatory
No specific mention.
- Referendum for agreement
No specific mention.
- International mission/force/similarPage 1, Article 2
Should any party breach the terms of this agreement, and if such a breach is verified, the United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR) shall report such a breach of the terms of the agreement through the Secretary-General to the Security Council immediately. The parties shall be responsible for reporting breaches to each other and to UNPROFOR. UNPROFOR shall assess allegations of breaches, attempt to resolve them where possible, and make public the results of its assessment, as appropriate.
Page 1, Article 3
The parties shall enable the passage of UNPROFOR and humanitarian convoys as well as teams deployed for the purpose of monitoring the cease-fire in accordance with the terms of this agreement and existing procedures. The parties commit themselves to full respect for the safety and security of UNPROFOR, humanitarian and related personnel.
Page 1, Article 4
...
The human rights situation in all areas shall be subject to international monitoring and observation.
Page 1-2, Article 6
Negotiations aimed at achieving a comprehensive cessation of hostilities agreement for a period of no less than four months shall commence immediately after this agreement takes effect, with the intention of concluding the cessation of hostilities agreement by 1 January 1995. During the negotiations the Commanders of the parties in conflict will meet under the chairmanship of UNPROFOR to determine the military arrangements for the implementation of a cessation of all combat activities along all lines of confrontation. - Enforcement mechanismPage 1, Article 2
Should any party breach the terms of this agreement, and if such a breach is verified, the United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR) shall report such a breach of the terms of the agreement through the Secretary-General to the Security Council immediately. The parties shall be responsible for reporting breaches to each other and to UNPROFOR. UNPROFOR shall assess allegations of breaches, attempt to resolve them where possible, and make public the results of its assessment, as appropriate. - Related cases
No specific mention.
- SourceUN Peacemaker
http://peacemaker.un.org/
http://peacemaker.un.org/bosniacomprehensiveceasefire94
Comprehensive Cease-fire Agreement
The undersigned representatives agree as follows:
1. There shall be a general cease-fire along all lines of confrontation, which will take effect at 1200 hours on 24 December 1994.
The general cease-fire shall be for an initial period of seven days and four months and shall be subject to renewal by agreement of the parties.
2. Should any party breach the terms of this agreement, and if such a breach is verified, the United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR) shall report such a breach of the terms of the agreement through the Secretary-General to the Security Council immediately.
The parties shall be responsible for reporting breaches to each other and to UNPROFOR.
UNPROFOR shall assess allegations of breaches, attempt to resolve them where possible, and make public the results of its assessment, as appropriate.
3. The parties shall enable the passage of UNPROFOR and humanitarian convoys as well as teams deployed for the purpose of monitoring the cease-fire in accordance with the terms of this agreement and existing procedures.
The parties commit themselves to full respect for the safety and security of UNPROFOR, humanitarian and related personnel.
4. The parties agree to protect the human rights of those persons residing within territory under their control in accordance with international standards, to include international humanitarian law.
All people, regardless of age, sex or ethnic origin, shall have the right to live in a location of their choice.
The human rights situation in all areas shall be subject to international monitoring and observation.
5. The parties agree to the prompt and unconditional release of all detainees, to include prisoners of war, and the release of all available information on missing persons, each to be carried out in its own right.
The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) will elaborate, in conjunction with the parties, a plan of action to implement this portion of the agreement.
6. Negotiations aimed at achieving a comprehensive cessation of hostilities agreement for a period of no less than four months shall commence immediately after this agreement takes effect, with the intention of concluding the cessation of hostilities agreement by 1 January 1995.
During the negotiations the Commanders of the parties in conflict will meet under the chairmanship of UNPROFOR to determine the military arrangements for the implementation of a cessation of all combat activities along all lines of confrontation.
23 December 1994
(Signed) Alija IZETBEGOVIC
(Signed) Radovan KARADŽIC
(Signed) Rasim DELIC
(Signed) Ratko MLADIC
Witnessed by:
(Signed) Yasushi AKASHI
(Signed) Bertrand DE LA PRESLE