Bendición Papal

  • Country/entity
    Ecuador
    Peru
  • Region
    Americas
    Americas
  • Agreement name
    Bendición Papal
  • Date
    23 Oct 1998
  • Agreement status
    Unilateral document
  • Interim arrangement
    Yes
  • Agreement/conflict level
    Interstate/interstate conflict ()
  • Stage
    Framework/substantive - partial
  • Conflict nature
    Territory
  • Peace process
    Ecuador-Peru border dispute peace process
  • Parties
    The Holy See:
    John Paul II
  • Third parties
    This agreement is one by the Pope which is in essence about the third parties.
    Addressed to Ecuador and Peru:
    To Their Excellencies the Presidents of the Republic of Ecuador and of the Republic of Peru
  • Description
    This one-page document conveys the support of Pope John Paul II to the process of reaching a peace agreement between Ecuador and Peru. The Pope also expresses gratitude to the Guarantor Countries for facilitating the process and notes the significance of the Comprehensive Agreement between Ecuador and Peru. It is considered part of the Acta Brasilia.


Groups

  • Children/youth

    No specific mention.

  • Disabled persons

    No specific mention.

  • Elderly/age

    No specific mention.

  • Migrant workers

    No specific mention.

  • Racial/ethnic/national group

    No specific mention.

  • Religious groups

    No specific mention.

  • Indigenous people

    No specific mention.

  • Other groups

    No specific mention.

  • Refugees/displaced persons

    No specific mention.

  • Social class

    No specific mention.


Gender

  • Women, girls and gender

    No specific mention.

  • Men and boys

    No specific mention.

  • LGBTI

    No specific mention.

  • Family

    No specific mention.


State definition

  • Nature of state (general)

    No specific mention.

  • State configuration

    No specific mention.

  • Self determination

    No specific mention.

  • Referendum

    No specific mention.

  • State symbols

    No specific mention.

  • Independence/secession

    No specific mention.

  • Accession/unification

    No specific mention.

  • Border delimitation

    No specific mention.

  • Cross-border provision

    No specific mention.


Governance

  • Political institutions (new or reformed)

    No specific mention.

  • Elections

    No specific mention.

  • Electoral commission

    No specific mention.

  • Political parties reform

    No specific mention.

  • Civil society

    No specific mention.

  • Traditional/religious leaders

    No specific mention.

  • Public administration

    No specific mention.

  • Constitution

    No specific mention.


Power sharing

  • Political power sharing

    No specific mention.

  • Territorial power sharing

    No specific mention.

  • Economic power sharing

    No specific mention.

  • Military power sharing

    No specific mention.


Human rights and equality

  • Human rights/RoL general

    No specific mention.

  • Bill of rights/similar

    No specific mention.

  • Treaty incorporation

    No specific mention.

  • Civil and political rights

    No specific mention.

  • Socio-economic rights

    No specific mention.


Rights related issues

  • Citizenship

    No specific mention.

  • Democracy

    No specific mention.

  • Detention procedures

    No specific mention.

  • Media and communication

    No specific mention.

  • Mobility/access

    No specific mention.

  • Protection measures

    No specific mention.

  • Other

    No specific mention.


Rights institutions

  • NHRI

    No specific mention.

  • Regional or international human rights institutions

    No specific mention.


Justice sector reform

  • Criminal justice and emergency law

    No specific mention.

  • State of emergency provisions

    No specific mention.

  • Judiciary and courts

    No specific mention.

  • Prisons and detention

    No specific mention.

  • Traditional Laws

    No specific mention.


Socio-economic reconstruction

  • Development or socio-economic reconstruction

    No specific mention.

  • National economic plan

    No specific mention.

  • Natural resources

    No specific mention.

  • International funds

    No specific mention.

  • Business

    No specific mention.

  • Taxation

    No specific mention.

  • Banks

    No specific mention.


Land, property and environment

  • Land reform/rights

    No specific mention.

  • Pastoralist/nomadism rights

    No specific mention.

  • Cultural heritage

    No specific mention.

  • Environment

    No specific mention.

  • Water or riparian rights or access

    No specific mention.


Security sector

  • Security Guarantees

    No specific mention.

  • Ceasefire

    No specific mention.

  • Police

    No specific mention.

  • Armed forces

    No specific mention.

  • DDR

    No specific mention.

  • Intelligence services

    No specific mention.

  • Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces

    No specific mention.

  • Withdrawal of foreign forces

    No specific mention.

  • Corruption

    No specific mention.

  • Crime/organised crime

    No specific mention.

  • Drugs

    No specific mention.

  • Terrorism

    No specific mention.


Transitional justice

  • Transitional justice general

    No specific mention.

  • Amnesty/pardon

    No specific mention.

  • Courts

    No specific mention.

  • Mechanism

    No specific mention.

  • Prisoner release

    No specific mention.

  • Vetting

    No specific mention.

  • Victims

    No specific mention.

  • Missing persons

    No specific mention.

  • Reparations

    No specific mention.

  • Reconciliation
    Page 1, Par.2:
    I join in with the joy of your noble people, so dear to me, who am united by many common bonds of Christian faith and culture, which today see the closing of a painful chapter in the history of their relations and the opening of lasting prospects of peace.

Implementation

  • UN signatory

    No specific mention.

  • Other international signatory
    The Holy See:
    John Paul II
  • Referendum for agreement

    No specific mention.

  • International mission/force/similar

    No specific mention.

  • Enforcement mechanism

    No specific mention.

  • Related cases

    No specific mention.

  • Source
    http://www4.congreso.gob.pe/comisiones/1999/exteriores/libro1/2avolum/indins.htm

Papal Blessing

To Their Excellencies the Presidents

of the Republic of Ecuador and

Of the Republic of Peru

I am pleased to be spiritually present at the solemn moment of the signing of the comprehensive and lasting Agreement between Ecuador and Peru, which concludes the peace process begun with the “Itamaraty Peace Declaration" of February 17th, 1995.

I join in with the joy of your noble people, so dear to me, who am united by many common bonds of Christian faith and culture, which today see the closing of a painful chapter in the history of their relations and the opening of lasting prospects of peace.

The Agreement has a high significance, both for the American continent, in the search for ever greater integration, and for the entire international community.

I would like to warmly congratulate the President of Ecuador, Dr. Jamil Mahuad, and the President of Peru, Alberto Fujimori, for this achievement.

I would like to express special gratitude to the Guarantor Countries of the Protocol of Peace, Friendship and Borders of Rio de Janeiro" - Argentina, Brazil, Chile and the United States - and to their Heads of State, who have been continuously available to assist Parties, and whose active collaboration, coordinated by the Lord President Henrique Cardoso, has allowed for a decisive arrival at the goal.

My thoughts also turn to the Catholic communities in Ecuador and Peru, which, under the guidance of their Pastors, with timely initiatives - such as days of peace prayers - have been able to promote a genuine "pedagogy of peace".

I have no doubt that they will continue on this path.

I strongly hope that your sister Nations do not cease to advance, with firm determination and perseverance, along the tracks drawn by this Agreement, entrusting all to the intercession of Saint Marianitas of Quito, of Santa Rosa of Lima and, above all, of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Queen of Peace, so loved and venerated by the people of both countries.

On your people, Presidents, and your collaborators, especially Ecuador and Peru, as well as on those who are present here, I cordially invoke the Blessing of Almighty God.

From the Vatican, October, 23rd, 1998.

John Paul II