Burtinle Peace Agreement

• Country/entity

  Ethiopia
  Somalia
  Ogaden
  Puntland
  
• Region

  Africa (excl MENA)
  Africa (excl MENA)
  Africa (excl MENA)
  Africa (excl MENA)
  
• Agreement name

  Burtinle Peace Agreement
• Date

  6 May 2007
• Agreement status

  Multiparty signed/agreed
• Interim arrangement

  Yes
• Agreement/conflict level

  Intrastate/local conflict ( Somali Civil War (1991 - ) )
• Stage

  Framework/substantive - comprehensive
• Conflict nature

  Inter-group
• Peace process

  Somali Local Peace Processes
• Parties

  Bah Ararsame Community;
  Omar Mohamud Community
• Third parties

  Garaad Jama Garaad Ali Garaad Jama;
  Puntland Minister of Justice & Religious Affairs;
  Islan Bashir, Islan Bashir, Islan Abdulle;
  President of Puntlandl, Islan Farah;
  Puntland Minister of Interior;
  Elders of Puntland;
  All officials of Nugaal, Sool and Mudug regions
• Description

  Local peace agreement following conflict over the digging for water in communal grazing area, which provides for the demolition of the wells, compensation payments for the destruction of the wells and compensation payments for the deceased. Agreement monitored by Puntland officials.

• Agreement document

  SO_070506_Burtinle Peace Agreement.pdf | Download PDF

Local agreement properties

• Process type

  Formal structured process
  
• Rationale

  This agreement is part of a series of initiatives launched between 1997-2007 aimed at ending the Adadda conflict. It was mediated by traditional elders (Isimo) about two months after the conclusion of the 2007 Adadda agreement. The local peace process was supported by the Puntland administration and I/NGOs, among others. The agreement also references the Adadda agreement of May 15th 1997 upon which it builds.
• Is there a documented link to a national peace process?

  No
• Link to national process: articulated rationale

  Neither the agreement text nor limited background research suggests a link to a national-level peace process.
• Name of Locale

  Adadda area
• Nature Of Locale

  Region
• GPS Lat/Long (DD)

  7.980179, 47.717521
• Participant type

  Domestic religious organisation/leader or other elder
  
• Mediator, facilitator or similar

  Mediator or similar referred to
  Mediator (references)

  Mediators: Mediation committee/Isimo (traditional elders) from the Nugaal, Sool, and Mudug regions as well as the Dhulbahante sub-clan of Ahmed Garaad
  Type of mediator/facilitator/similar

  Domestic religious organisation/leader or other elder

Local issues

Burtinle Peace Agreement, 6 May 2007

To: Bah Ararsame Community Cc:

Garaad Jama Garaad Ali Garaad Jama

To: Omar Mohamud Community Cc:

Puntland Minister of Justice & Religious Affairs Cc:

Islan Bashir, Islan Bashir, Islan Abdulle, Cc:

President of Puntlandl, Islan Farah Cc:

Puntland Minister of Interior

Cc: Elders of Puntland Cc:

All officials of Nugaal, Sool and Mudug regions

Subject:

Committee verdict

Verdict is made on the basis of careful analysis and evaluation of the issues related to the pastoral areas and the disputes over water, such as digging Berkedo which creates environmental degradation.

All the concerns and complaints of both communities were listened to.

It is also based on the related references and previously reached agreements about the area such as the May 15th 1997 agreement, which forbids digging any Berkedo or cutting the trees of the areas.

Berkedo at Daladka and the berked owned by Abdimalik Haji Hussein at Adadda shall be demolished.

The two berkedo of Hassan Abdi Haabsade family shall remain in place, provided that new berkedo shall not be established beyond this point southwards within the grazing area.

The terrain between the existing villages is designated as grazing zone for the livestock:

therefore, it is prohibited to construct new berkedo, develop new townships or establish temporary makeshifts camps that could lead to further erosion and damage to the environment.

At the location of God-Dhurwaa and Kal-belebo, there shall not be any further extension by establishing new berkedo.

In the event that any new berkedo are constructed, both the new and the old shall be demolished.

Any party that violates the above four articles shall be liable to a fine of Somali Shilling 100 million and one year imprisonment.

The above resolutions shall be overseen by a committee composed of the two communities.

The committee can seek assistance from the regional authorities of Sool and Nugaal.

The owners of the berkedo that are to be demolished as agreed here shall receive:

Daladka $8.000

Adadda $7.000

Compensation to be paid in cash by Puntland administration through the Isimo

Representatives from Puntland administration, the mediating committees and elders from both communities shall execute the demolition of the above-mentioned berkedo.

Regarding the deceased men:

a. For each of the 8 men killed during the latest fighting, the committee has ruled:

A diya of 120 camels

An additional US $1000 as exoneration (plea for forgiveness).

Funeral expenses of Somali Shilling 5 million

b. The committee has also ruled a diya payment for a man as:

110 camels as diya

Funeral expenses of Somali Shilling 5 million

The diya payment shall be completed as follows:

467 heads [live camels], which corresponds to the Fiffi shall be paid within 2 months.

603 heads [live camels], which is the Mag-Dheer shall be paid within 6 months.

The cash compensations of funeral expenses, exoneration and the weapons shall be handed over on the date of signature of this agreement and are:

funeral expenses totalling Somali Shillings 45 million, and exoneration $8.000, and 6 guns.

Regarding the injuries, the Isimo ruled that each wounded member of both communities shall receive US $1.500 as medication/healing compensation to be brought to the venue of this conference.

The Isimo shall be the sole reference body for any changes that may be done to this agreement.

After signature of this agreement, either of the reconciled sub-clans that initiates actions that causes death or injury shall be fined Somali Shilling 200 million before the case is examined.