The University of EdinburghPeace Agreements DatabasePeaceRep

Doha Agreement

  • Country/entity

    Yemen
  • Region

    Middle East and North Africa
  • Agreement name

    Doha Agreement
  • Date

    1 Feb 2008
  • Agreement status

    Multiparty signed/agreed
  • Interim arrangement

    Yes
  • Agreement/conflict level

    Intrastate/intrastate conflict ( Yemeni Civil Wars (1994) (2011 - ) )
  • Stage

    Ceasefire/related
  • Conflict nature

    Government
  • Peace process

    Yemen peace process
  • Parties

    Unsigned copy of agreement, supplementary text states that representatives of the Government of Yemen and Huthi representatives signed the agreement.
  • Third parties

    Unsigned, supplementary text states 'Text of agreement produced by Qatari mediation'
  • Description

    This short ceasefire agreement provides for the terms of ceasefire, which does not specify the commencement or duration of the ceasefire. Conditions include a general amnesty, demobilization, reconstruction, and respect for freedom of opinion, amongst other specifics.


Groups

  • Children/youth

    No specific mention.

  • Disabled persons
    Groups→Disabled persons→Substantive
    Page 1, Article 2
    ...search for [discovery of] the missing people and care for injured/wounded people; and release of corpses by whomever possesses them.
  • Elderly/age

    No specific mention.

  • Migrant workers

    No specific mention.

  • Racial/ethnic/national group

    No specific mention.

  • Religious groups

    No specific mention.

  • Indigenous people

    No specific mention.

  • Other groups

    No specific mention.

  • Refugees/displaced persons
    Groups→Refugees/displaced persons→Rhetorical
    Page 1, 3.
    Life [should] return to normal in the regions [of conflict], and everyone [should] return to his area, and live as safe citizens, as all the other citizens in the regions of the republic.
  • Social class

    No specific mention.


Gender

  • Women, girls and gender

    No specific mention.

  • Men and boys

    No specific mention.

  • LGBTI

    No specific mention.

  • Family

    No specific mention.


State definition

  • Nature of state (general)

    No specific mention.

  • State configuration

    No specific mention.

  • Self determination

    No specific mention.

  • Referendum

    No specific mention.

  • State symbols

    No specific mention.

  • Independence/secession

    No specific mention.

  • Accession/unification

    No specific mention.

  • Border delimitation

    No specific mention.

  • Cross-border provision

    No specific mention.


Governance

  • Political institutions (new or reformed)

    No specific mention.

  • Elections

    No specific mention.

  • Electoral commission

    No specific mention.

  • Political parties reform

    No specific mention.

  • Civil society

    No specific mention.

  • Traditional/religious leaders

    No specific mention.

  • Public administration

    No specific mention.

  • Constitution
    Governance→Constitution→Constitution affirmation/renewal
    Page 1, 6.
    Respect for freedom of opinion, to include the right to establish a political party in accordance with the constitution and the laws in force in the country.

Power sharing

  • Political power sharing

    No specific mention.

  • Territorial power sharing

    No specific mention.

  • Economic power sharing

    No specific mention.

  • Military power sharing

    No specific mention.


Human rights and equality

  • Human rights/RoL general

    No specific mention.

  • Bill of rights/similar

    No specific mention.

  • Treaty incorporation

    No specific mention.

  • Civil and political rights
    Human rights and equality→Civil and political rights→Vote and take part
    Page 1, 6.
    Respect for freedom of opinion, to include the right to establish a political party in accordance with the constitution and the laws in force in the country.
    Human rights and equality→Civil and political rights→Thought, opinion, conscience and religion
    Page 1, 6.
    Respect for freedom of opinion, to include the right to establish a political party in accordance with the constitution and the laws in force in the country.
  • Socio-economic rights

    No specific mention.


Rights related issues

  • Citizenship
    Rights related issues→Citizenship→Citizen, general
    Page 1, 3.
    Life [should] return to normal in the regions [of conflict], and everyone [should] return to his area, and live as safe citizens, as all the other citizens in the regions of the republic.
  • Democracy

    No specific mention.

  • Detention procedures

    No specific mention.

  • Media and communication
    Rights related issues→Media and communication→Media roles
    Page 1, 7.
    The arrival of ‘Abd al-Malik al-Huthi, Yahya al-Huthi, ‘Abd al-Karim al-Huthi, and ‘Abdallah ‘Izza al-Razzami to Qatar, without undertaking any political or media activity hostile to Yemen and without leaving Qatar except after the agreement of the Yemeni government.

    Page 1, 8.
    Cessation of all matter of media campaigns and acts of provocative incitement.
  • Mobility/access
    Page 1, 7.
    The arrival of ‘Abd al-Malik al-Huthi, Yahya al-Huthi, ‘Abd al-Karim al-Huthi, and ‘Abdallah ‘Izza al-Razzami to Qatar, without undertaking any political or media activity hostile to Yemen and without leaving Qatar except after the agreement of the Yemeni government.
  • Protection measures

    No specific mention.

  • Other
    Page 1, 6.
    Respect for freedom of opinion, to include the right to establish a political party in accordance with the constitution and the laws in force in the country.

Rights institutions

  • NHRI

    No specific mention.

  • Regional or international human rights institutions

    No specific mention.


Justice sector reform

  • Criminal justice and emergency law

    No specific mention.

  • State of emergency provisions

    No specific mention.

  • Judiciary and courts

    No specific mention.

  • Prisons and detention

    No specific mention.

  • Traditional Laws

    No specific mention.


Socio-economic reconstruction

  • Development or socio-economic reconstruction
    Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Infrastructure and reconstruction
    Page 1, 9.
    The Yemeni government will undertake the reconstruction of what the war has destroyed and the treatment of its effects;
  • National economic plan

    No specific mention.

  • Natural resources

    No specific mention.

  • International funds
    Page 1, 9.
    ...the praiseworthy state of Qatar will undertake to contribute to a fund for the rebuilding of the affected areas and for the compensation of those affected [by the fighting], and this fund will be open to the contributions of Arab and friendly states.
  • Business

    No specific mention.

  • Taxation

    No specific mention.

  • Banks

    No specific mention.


Land, property and environment

  • Land reform/rights

    No specific mention.

  • Pastoralist/nomadism rights

    No specific mention.

  • Cultural heritage

    No specific mention.

  • Environment

    No specific mention.

  • Water or riparian rights or access

    No specific mention.


Security sector

  • Security Guarantees

    No specific mention.

  • Ceasefire
    Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision
    [Summary: the agreement in its entirety provides for the conditions of a ceasefire, the duration of which was not specified.]

    Page 1, 1.
    Cessation of military operations; and adherence, of the Huthi and those with him, to the republican order [system], the constitution and the laws in force in the country.
  • Police

    No specific mention.

  • Armed forces

    No specific mention.

  • DDR
    Security sector→DDR→Demilitarisation provisions
    Page 1, 5.
    The relinquishment of medium weapons, along with their ammunition, to the state.
  • Intelligence services

    No specific mention.

  • Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces
    Page 1, 1.
    Cessation of military operations; and adherence, of the Huthi and those with him, to the republican order [system], the constitution and the laws in force in the country.

    Page 1, 2.
    Ending of the rebellion;
  • Withdrawal of foreign forces

    No specific mention.

  • Corruption

    No specific mention.

  • Crime/organised crime

    No specific mention.

  • Drugs

    No specific mention.

  • Terrorism

    No specific mention.


Transitional justice

  • Transitional justice general

    No specific mention.

  • Amnesty/pardon
    Transitional justice→Amnesty/pardon→Amnesty/pardon proper
    Page 1, 2.
    ...implementation of the general amnesty decision;
  • Courts

    No specific mention.

  • Mechanism

    No specific mention.

  • Prisoner release
    Page 1, 2.
    ...the release of prisoners, except for those charged in cases turned over to the general prosecutor or under consideration by the courts;
  • Vetting

    No specific mention.

  • Victims
    Page 1, 2.
    ...search for [discovery of] the missing people and care for injured/wounded people; and release of corpses by whomever possesses them.
  • Missing persons
    Page 1, 2.
    ...search for [discovery of] the missing people and care for injured/wounded people; and release of corpses by whomever possesses them.
  • Reparations
    Transitional justice→Reparations→Material reparations
    Page 1, 9.
    ...the praiseworthy state of Qatar will undertake to contribute to a fund for the rebuilding of the affected areas and for the compensation of those affected [by the fighting], and this fund will be open to the contributions of Arab and friendly states.
  • Reconciliation

    No specific mention.


Implementation

  • UN signatory

    No specific mention.

  • Other international signatory

    No specific mention.

  • Referendum for agreement

    No specific mention.

  • International mission/force/similar

    No specific mention.

  • Enforcement mechanism

    No specific mention.

  • Related cases

    No specific mention.

  • Source
    “Waqf al-Qital fi Sa‘da wa-l-I‘lan ‘an al-‘Afu,” al-Ayyam, June 17, 2007; International Crisis Group, “Yemen: Defusing the Saada Time Bomb,” Middle East Report 86, May 27, 2009

    English translation coded from Salmoni, Barak A., Loidolt, Bryce, Wells, Madeline. Regime and Periphery in Northern Yemen: The Huthi Phenomenon (Santa Monica, Arlington, Pittsburg: RAND Corporation, 2010), pp. 315-316

APPENDIX F

Conflict Ceasefire Conditions

Doha Agreement, 2007–2008

Text of agreement produced by Qatari mediation, summer–fall 2007.

GoY-Huthi representatives also met in Qatar in January–February 2008.

The Doha agreement was signed on February 1, 2008.

1. Cessation of military operations;

and adherence, of the Huthi and those with him, to the republican order [system], the constitution and the laws in force in the country.

2. Ending of the rebellion;

implementation of the general amnesty decision;

and the release of prisoners, except for those charged in cases turned over to the general prosecutor or under consideration by the courts;

and search for [discov- ery of] the missing people and care for injured/wounded people;

and release of corpses by whomever possesses them.

3. Life [should] return to normal in the regions [of conflict], and everyone [should] return to his area, and live as safe citizens, as all the other citizens in the regions of the republic.

4. Extension of the state’s general order in the region, as in all other regions of the republic.

5. The relinquishment of medium weapons, along with their ammunition, to the state.

6. Respect for freedom of opinion, to include the right to establish a political party in accordance with the constitution and the laws in force in the country.

7. The arrival of ‘Abd al-Malik al-Huthi, Yahya al-Huthi, ‘Abd al-Karim al-Huthi, and ‘Abdallah ‘Izza al-Razzami to Qatar, without undertaking any political or media activity hostile to Yemen and without leaving Qatar except after the agreement of the Yemeni government.

8. Cessation of all matter of media campaigns and acts of provocative incitement.

9. The Yemeni government will undertake the reconstruction of what the war has destroyed and the treatment of its effects;

the praiseworthy state of Qatar will undertake to contribute to a fund for the rebuilding of the affected areas and for the compensation of those affected [by the fighting], and this fund will be open to the contributions of Arab and friendly states.