Agreement between the Government of Guinea Bissau and the Self-proclaimed military junta ('Abuja Accord')
Export agreement coding (PDF)Country/entity
Guinea-BissauRegion
Africa (excl MENA)Agreement name
Agreement between the Government of Guinea Bissau and the Self-proclaimed military junta ('Abuja Accord')Date
1 Nov 1998Agreement status
Multiparty signed/agreedInterim arrangement
YesAgreement/conflict level
Intrastate/intrastate conflict ( )Stage
Framework/substantive - partialConflict nature
GovernmentPeace process
Guinea Bissau peace processParties
(Signed) President, João Bernardo VIEIRA
for the Government of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau
(Signed) General Ansumane MANE
for the self-proclaimed military juntaThird parties
WITNESSED BY: (Signed) His Excellency, General Abdulsalami ABUBAKAR Head of State, Commander-in-Chief of the Federal Republic of Nigeria for and on behalf of the Authority of Heads of State and Government of ECOWAS (Signed) His Excellency, Yahya A. J. J. JAMMEH President of the Republic of the Gambia (Signed) Honourable Koffi PANOU Minister of Communications of the Togolese Republic for and on behalf of the President of the Togolese Republic and the Chairman of ECOWAS (Signed) H.E. Lansana KOUYATE ECOWAS Executive Secretary (Signed) Professor Ibrahima FALL Assistant Secretary-General for Political Affairs for and on behalf of the Secretary-General of the United Nations (Signed) Ms. Adwoa COLEMAN Organization of African Unity Representative for and on behalf of the Secretary-General of the Organization of African Unity (OAU)Description
A short agreement between the government of Guinea-Bissau and the Military Junta. The agreement reaffirms the ceasefire and provides for the withdrawal of foreign forces, the deployment of an ECOWAS interposition force, the establishment of a government of national unity and a deadline for the holding of general and presidential elections.
Agreement document
Groups
- Children/youth
No specific mention.
- Disabled persons
No specific mention.
- Elderly/age
No specific mention.
- Migrant workers
No specific mention.
- Racial/ethnic/national group
No specific mention.
- Religious groups
No specific mention.
- Indigenous people
No specific mention.
- Other groups
No specific mention.
- Refugees/displaced persons
No specific mention.
- Social class
No specific mention.
Gender
- Women, girls and gender
No specific mention.
- Men and boys
No specific mention.
- LGBTI
No specific mention.
- Family
No specific mention.
State definition
- Nature of state (general)
No specific mention.
- State configuration
No specific mention.
- Self determination
No specific mention.
- Referendum
No specific mention.
- State symbols
No specific mention.
- Independence/secession
No specific mention.
- Accession/unification
No specific mention.
- Border delimitation
No specific mention.
- Cross-border provision
No specific mention.
Governance
- Political institutions (new or reformed)Governance→Political institutions (new or reformed)→Temporary new institutionsPage 1, 4: To immediately put in place a government of national unity, which will include, among other things, representatives of the self-proclaimed junta, in line with the agreement already reached by the parties;
- ElectionsPage 1, 5: That general and presidential elections shall be held not later than the end of March 1999. These elections will be observed by ECOWAS, the Community of Portuguese-Speaking Countries and the international community.
- Electoral commission
No specific mention.
- Political parties reform
No specific mention.
- Civil societyPage 1, 3: That the interposition force will guarantee security along the Guinea- Bissau/Senegal border, keep the warring parties apart and guarantee free access to humanitarian organizations and agencies to reach the affected civilian population. In this regard, the Oswaldo Vieira international airport and the seaport shall be opened immediately;
- Traditional/religious leaders
No specific mention.
- Public administration
No specific mention.
- Constitution
No specific mention.
Power sharing
- Political power sharingPower sharing→Political power sharing→GeneralState levelPage 1, 4: To immediately put in place a government of national unity, which will include, among other things, representatives of the self-proclaimed junta, in line with the agreement already reached by the parties;
- Territorial power sharing
No specific mention.
- Economic power sharing
No specific mention.
- Military power sharing
No specific mention.
Human rights and equality
- Human rights/RoL general
No specific mention.
- Bill of rights/similar
No specific mention.
- Treaty incorporation
No specific mention.
- Civil and political rights
No specific mention.
- Socio-economic rights
No specific mention.
Rights related issues
- Citizenship
No specific mention.
- Democracy
No specific mention.
- Detention procedures
No specific mention.
- Media and communication
No specific mention.
- Mobility/accessPage 1, 3: That the interposition force will guarantee security along the Guinea- Bissau/Senegal border, keep the warring parties apart and guarantee free access to humanitarian organizations and agencies to reach the affected civilian population. In this regard, the Oswaldo Vieira international airport and the seaport shall be opened immediately;
- Protection measures
No specific mention.
- Other
No specific mention.
Rights institutions
- NHRI
No specific mention.
- Regional or international human rights institutions
No specific mention.
Justice sector reform
- Criminal justice and emergency law
No specific mention.
- State of emergency provisions
No specific mention.
- Judiciary and courts
No specific mention.
- Prisons and detention
No specific mention.
- Traditional Laws
No specific mention.
Socio-economic reconstruction
- Development or socio-economic reconstruction
No specific mention.
- National economic plan
No specific mention.
- Natural resources
No specific mention.
- International funds
No specific mention.
- Business
No specific mention.
- Taxation
No specific mention.
- Banks
No specific mention.
Land, property and environment
- Land reform/rights
No specific mention.
- Pastoralist/nomadism rights
No specific mention.
- Cultural heritage
No specific mention.
- Environment
No specific mention.
- Water or riparian rights or access
No specific mention.
Security sector
- Security Guarantees
No specific mention.
- CeasefireSecurity sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provisionPage 1, 1: To reaffirm the ceasefire agreement signed in Praia on 26 August 1998;
- Police
No specific mention.
- Armed forces
No specific mention.
- DDR
No specific mention.
- Intelligence services
No specific mention.
- Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forcesPage 1, 4: To immediately put in place a government of national unity, which will include, among other things, representatives of the self-proclaimed junta, in line with the agreement already reached by the parties;
- Withdrawal of foreign forcesPage 1, 2: To the total withdrawal from Guinea-Bissau of all foreign troops. This withdrawal shall be done simultaneously with the deployment of an ECOWAS Military Observer Group interposition force, which will take over from the withdrawn forces;
- Corruption
No specific mention.
- Crime/organised crime
No specific mention.
- Drugs
No specific mention.
- Terrorism
No specific mention.
Transitional justice
- Transitional justice general
No specific mention.
- Amnesty/pardon
No specific mention.
- Courts
No specific mention.
- Mechanism
No specific mention.
- Prisoner release
No specific mention.
- Vetting
No specific mention.
- Victims
No specific mention.
- Missing persons
No specific mention.
- Reparations
No specific mention.
- Reconciliation
No specific mention.
Implementation
- UN signatoryWITNESSED BY:
...(Signed) Professor Ibrahima FALL
Assistant Secretary-General for Political Affairs
for and on behalf of the Secretary-General of the United Nations - Other international signatoryWITNESSED BY:
(Signed) His Excellency, General Abdulsalami ABUBAKAR
Head of State, Commander-in-Chief of the Federal Republic of Nigeria
for and on behalf of the Authority of Heads of State and Government of ECOWAS
(Signed) His Excellency, Yahya A. J. J. JAMMEH
President of the Republic of the Gambia
(Signed) Honourable Koffi PANOU
Minister of Communications of the Togolese Republic
for and on behalf of the President of the Togolese Republic and the Chairman of ECOWAS
(Signed) H.E. Lansana KOUYATE
ECOWAS Executive Secretary
...(Signed) Ms. Adwoa COLEMAN
Organization of African Unity Representative
for and on behalf of the Secretary-General of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) - Referendum for agreement
No specific mention.
- International mission/force/similarPage 1, 2: To the total withdrawal from Guinea-Bissau of all foreign troops. This withdrawal shall be done simultaneously with the deployment of an ECOWAS Military Observer Group interposition force, which will take over from the withdrawn forces;
Page 1, 3: That the interposition force will guarantee security along the Guinea- Bissau/Senegal border, keep the warring parties apart and guarantee free access to humanitarian organizations and agencies to reach the affected civilian population. In this regard, the Oswaldo Vieira international airport and the seaport shall be opened immediately;
Page 1, 5: That general and presidential elections shall be held not later than the end of March 1999. These elections will be observed by ECOWAS, the Community of Portuguese-Speaking Countries and the international community. - Enforcement mechanism2. ECOMOG interposition force to take over from withdrawn foreign troops, and 3. to guarantee security along border with Senegal; 5. elections to be observed by ECOWAS, Community of Portuguese-speaking countries, and the intl community
- Related cases
No specific mention.
- SourceUN Peacemaker: http://peacemaker.un.org/
Agreement between the Government of Guinea-Bissau and the self-proclaimed military junta
The parties to the conflict in the Guinea-Bissau, meeting in Abuja, Nigeria, on 31 October and 1 November 1998 in the context of the efforts of the Twenty-first Summit of the Authority of the Heads of State and Government of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS),
HEREBY AGREE AS FOLLOWS:
To reaffirm the ceasefire agreement signed in Praia on 26 August 1998;
To the total withdrawal from Guinea-Bissau of all foreign troops.
This withdrawal shall be done simultaneously with the deployment of an ECOWAS Military Observer Group interposition force, which will take over from the withdrawn forces;
That the interposition force will guarantee security along the Guinea- Bissau/Senegal border, keep the warring parties apart and guarantee free access to humanitarian organizations and agencies to reach the affected civilian population.
In this regard, the Oswaldo Vieira international airport and the seaport shall be opened immediately;
To immediately put in place a government of national unity, which will include, among other things, representatives of the self-proclaimed junta, in line with the agreement already reached by the parties;
That general and presidential elections shall be held not later than the end of March 1999.
These elections will be observed by ECOWAS, the Community of Portuguese-Speaking Countries and the international community.
DONE AT ABUJA, THIS 1ST DAY OF NOVEMBER, 1998.
(Signed) President, João Bernardo VIEIRA
for the Government of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau
(Signed) General Ansumane MANE
for the self-proclaimed military junta
WITNESSED BY:
(Signed) His Excellency, General Abdulsalami ABUBAKAR
Head of State, Commander-in-Chief of the Federal Republic of Nigeria
for and on behalf of the Authority of Heads of State and Government of ECOWAS
(Signed) His Excellency, Yahya A. J. J. JAMMEH
President of the Republic of the Gambia
(Signed) Honourable Koffi PANOU
Minister of Communications of the Togolese Republic
for and on behalf of the President of the Togolese Republic and the Chairman of ECOWAS
(Signed) H.E. Lansana KOUYATE
ECOWAS Executive Secretary
(Signed) Professor Ibrahima FALL
Assistant Secretary-General for Political Affairs
for and on behalf of the Secretary-General of the United Nations
(Signed) Ms. Adwoa COLEMAN
Organization of African Unity Representative
for and on behalf of the Secretary-General of the Organization of African Unity (OAU)