Maikona and Walda Peace Declaration

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Country/entity
Ethiopia
Kenya
Region
Africa (excl MENA)
Africa (excl MENA)
Agreement name
Maikona and Walda Peace Declaration
Date
28 Jul 2009
Agreement status
Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement
Yes
Agreement/conflict level
Intrastate/local conflict ( Kenyan Post-Electoral Violence (2007 - 2008) )
Stage
Framework/substantive - partial
Conflict nature
Inter-group
Peace process
Kenya Local Agreements
Parties
Signed:
Galma Dabasso, Borana
Jattani Kotote, Borana
Abdub Dengich, Borana
Adi Mary Hapana, Borana
Salesa Galma, Borana

Chukulisa Tuye, Gabra
Sori Salesa, Gabra
Anudo Guyo, Gabra
Quri Guyo, Gabra
Adudo Godana, Gabra
Third parties
-
Description
Agreement to end violence between the Borana and Gabra communities, and the theft of livestock.

Agreement document
KE_090728_Maikona and Walda Peace Declaration.pdf | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth
No specific mention.
Disabled persons
No specific mention.
Elderly/age
No specific mention.
Migrant workers
No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group
No specific mention.
Religious groups
No specific mention.
Indigenous people
No specific mention.
Other groups
No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons
No specific mention.
Social class
No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender
No specific mention.
Men and boys
No specific mention.
LGBTI
No specific mention.
Family
No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general)
No specific mention.
State configuration
No specific mention.
Self determination
No specific mention.
Referendum
No specific mention.
State symbols
No specific mention.
Independence/secession
No specific mention.
Accession/unification
No specific mention.
Border delimitation
No specific mention.
Cross-border provision
No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed)
No specific mention.
Elections
No specific mention.
Electoral commission
No specific mention.
Political parties reform
No specific mention.
Civil society
No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders
No specific mention.
Public administration
No specific mention.
Constitution
No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing
No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing
No specific mention.
Economic power sharing
No specific mention.
Military power sharing
No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general
No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar
No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation
No specific mention.
Civil and political rights
No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights
No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship
No specific mention.
Democracy
No specific mention.
Detention procedures
No specific mention.
Media and communication
No specific mention.
Mobility/access
No specific mention.
Protection measures
No specific mention.
Other
No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI
No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions
No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law
No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions
No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts
No specific mention.
Prisons and detention
No specific mention.
Traditional Laws
No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction
No specific mention.
National economic plan
No specific mention.
Natural resources
Page 1:
We pledge to live peacefully with one another and to share the natural resources of water and pasture.
International funds
No specific mention.
Business
No specific mention.
Taxation
No specific mention.
Banks
No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights
No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights
No specific mention.
Cultural heritage
No specific mention.
Environment
No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access
No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees
No specific mention.
Ceasefire
No specific mention.
Police
No specific mention.
Armed forces
No specific mention.
DDR
No specific mention.
Intelligence services
No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces
No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces
No specific mention.
Corruption
No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime
Page 1:
Peace will be safeguarded through the implementation of the following fines:

If a person is caught with a stolen animal, the fine is 4 animals per animal stolen. The culprit also has to pay the expenses incurred for tracking that animal, and will be handed over to government law.
If a person injures another with intent to kill, the fine is 15 cows and they will be handed over to government law.
If a person kills another, the fine is 30 cows and they will be handed over to government law.
If a person is spreading lies and propaganda, inciting people to fight, they will be fined expenses and 5 cows.
If a person conceals a culprit or information, they and the concealed person will be fined the same, depending on the crime.
Drugs
No specific mention.
Terrorism
No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general
No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon
No specific mention.
Courts
No specific mention.
Mechanism
No specific mention.
Prisoner release
No specific mention.
Vetting
No specific mention.
Victims
No specific mention.
Missing persons
No specific mention.
Reparations
Transitional justice→Reparations→Material reparations
Page 1:
Peace will be safeguarded through the implementation of the following fines:

If a person is caught with a stolen animal, the fine is 4 animals per animal stolen. The culprit also has to pay the expenses incurred for tracking that animal, and will be handed over to government law.
If a person injures another with intent to kill, the fine is 15 cows and they will be handed over to government law.
If a person kills another, the fine is 30 cows and they will be handed over to government law.
If a person is spreading lies and propaganda, inciting people to fight, they will be fined expenses and 5 cows.
If a person conceals a culprit or information, they and the concealed person will be fined the same, depending on the crime.
Reconciliation
No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory
No specific mention.
Other international signatory
No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement
No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar
No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism
No specific mention.
Related cases
No specific mention.
Source
Nyikuri, C; Ayuko, B; Magotsi, L; (2011), Mogodashe Declaration III, National Steering Committee on Peacebuilding and Conflict Management, Kenya

ANNEX II:

Maikona and Walda Peace Declaration - 28th July 2009

We, the undersigned, have accepted peace between our communities, the Borana and the Gabra.

We pledge to live peacefully with one another and to share the natural resources of water and pasture.

Peace will be maintained through regular meetings between representatives of both communities, at alternating locations.

Peace will be safeguarded through the implementation of the following fines:

If a person is caught with a stolen animal, the fine is 4 animals per animal stolen.

The culprit also has to pay the expenses incurred for tracking that animal, and will be handed over to government law.

If a person injures another with intent to kill, the fine is 15 cows and they will be handed over to government law.

If a person kills another, the fine is 30 cows and they will be handed over to government law.

If a person is spreading lies and propaganda, inciting people to fight, they will be fined expenses and 5 cows.

If a person conceals a culprit or information, they and the concealed person will be fined the same, depending on the crime.

SIGNED

Galma Dabasso, Borana Chukulisa Tuye, Gabba

Jattani Kotote, Borana Sori Salesa, Gabra

Abdub Dengich, Borana Anudo Guyo, Gabra

Adi Mary Hapana, Borana Quri Guyo, Gabra

Salesa Galma, Borana Adudo Godana, Gabra

Peace and Transition Process Data

PA-X Analytics

Country/entity

Region

Agreement name

Date

Agreement status

Interim arrangement

Agreement/conflict level

Stage

Conflict nature

Peace process

Parties

Third parties

Description

Agreement document