Doha Agreement for Peace and Involvement of Political-Military Movements in the Sovereign and Inclusive National Dialogue in Chad

• Country/entity

  Chad
  

• Region

  Africa (excl MENA)
  

• Agreement name

  Doha Agreement for Peace and Involvement of Political-Military Movements in the Sovereign and Inclusive National Dialogue in Chad

• Date

  8 Aug 2022

• Agreement status

  Multiparty signed/agreed

• Interim arrangement

  Yes

• Agreement/conflict level

  Intrastate/intrastate conflict ( Chadian Conflicts (1966 - ) )

• Stage

  Framework/substantive - partial

• Conflict nature

  Government/territory

• Peace process

  Chad: Doha process

• Parties

  Page 10-14:
  HISSEIN ERDIMI
  
  Union of the Forces of Resistance
  
  UFR
  
  
  
  BACHIR TIKEZO OUSMANE
  
  Military Council for the Good of the Republic
  
  CMSR
  
  
  
  
  
  OUMAR MAHAMAT ADIGUEY
  
  Movement of the Chadians for the Liberation
  
  MLT
  
  
  
  
  
  BECHIR NASRI HISSEIN
  
  National Settlement Council of Chad
  
  CNR
  
  
  
  
  
  ABDALLAH RAMADANE
  
  National Movement for Settlement
  
  MNR
  
  
  
  HAMDANE DJIGUER
  
  Movement for the Democratic Card in Chad
  
  MCDT
  
  
  
  MAHAMAT ABDELKERIM HANNO
  
  Union of the Forces for the Republic
  
  UFR
  
  
  
  MAHAMAT ALI TAHIR NANAYE
  
  National Alliance for the Restoration of the Republic
  
  NARR
  
  
  ADAM HASSANE MAHAMAT
  
  Armed Resistance against the Anti-Democratic Forces
  
  RAFAD
  
  
  
  ISSA DJIMET HALIKI
  
  Movement for the Social Justice in Chad
  
  MJST
  
  
  MAHAMAT NOURI ALLATCHI
  
  Union of the Forces for Development of the Democracy
  
  UFDD
  
  
  NÉNÉ ÉHEMIR
  
  Alliance of the Resistant Democrats
  
  ADR
  
  
  Dr MOUSTAPHA GOTONA
  
  Assembly of the Forces for the Unity and Democracy
  
  RFUTD
  
  Represented by: Mahamat Ousman Tahir
  
  
  
  Pr DJIBINE KADJAM
  
  National Council for Liberation of Chad
  
  CNLT
  
  Represented by: Youssouf Haroun Djarma
  
  
  MOUSSA YOUNOUS
  
  Movement of Chadian Militants
  
  MMT
  
  Represented by: Abdelmanane Abdraman
  
  
  ABDELMANANE KHATAB
  
  Front for the Good of the Republic
  
  FSR
  
  
  AHMAT YOUNOUS SOULEYMANE
  
  People’s Front for the Chad’s Liberty
  
  FPLT
  
  Represented by: ABDEL AZIZ YOUSSOUF
  
  
  
  MAHAMAT TAHIR ALIO
  
  Free Army for the Change
  
  ALC
  
  Represented by: Issa Oumar Djibril
  
  
  
  ABDELKADER IBRAHIM OUSMAN
  
  Union of the Forces for Change and Democracy
  
  UFCD
  
  
  
  ABDELWAHID ABOUD MAKAYE
  
  Contact person
  
  
  
  Cpt of the Air Forces JEAN-LOUS VERTU
  
  Contact person
  
  
  
  HASSANE ALDOUDOU
  
  Contact person
  
  
  
  
  
  Movement for Democracy and Justice MDJT
  
  Saleh Aboubakar Choua
  
  
  
  H.E. the Ambassador CHERIF MAHAMAT ZENE
  
  Minister of Foreign affairs, Head of the governmental deputation in charge of the negotiations with the political-military movements
  
  
  
  HISSEIN ALMAHIDJIRI DAOUD
  
  Chadian National Amity
  
  
  
  ISSA OUMAR DJIBRINE
  
  National Union for Change
  
  UNC
  
  
  Dr YOUNOUS ATIM
  
  Union of the Forces for Justice and Change
  
  UFCJ
  
  
  
  MAHAMAT CHAÏB MAHAMAT
  
  National Movement for the Democratic Reform and Development
  
  MNDRD
  
  
  
  NADJIB MAHAMAT ABDRAHAMANE
  
  Front of the National Convention
  
  
  
  DJAMAL IBRAHIM NAYIR
  
  National Movement for the Democratic Change
  
  
  
  MAHAMAT ABO SILECK
  
  National Alliance of the Resistance
  
  ANR
  
  Represented by: Mahamat Abdelkerim Hanno
  
  
  
  MAHAMAT MAHAMAT ADAM
  
  Movement for the Renaissance of Chad
  
  MRT
  
  
  OUMAR ALMAHDI BICHARA
  
  Chadian Movement for the National Good
  
  MSNT
  
  
  
  ADOUM SOUGUI HAMID
  
  Movement of Action and Renaissance
  
  MAR
  
  
  HISSEIN BRAHIM ACYL
  
  People’s Army for Liberation of Chad
  
  APLT
  
  
  
  Dr LEY-NGARDIGAL DJIMADOUM
  
  Chadian Action for Unity and Socialism – Popular and Ecologic Revolution Party
  
  ACTUS_PRPE
  
  
  
  OUMAR ABDRAHMANE ALISSEL
  
  National Alliance for the Unity and Change
  
  ANUC
  
  
  
  MAHAMAT KILEL HAMAD
  
  Union of the Forces for the Development an Fundamental Democracy
  
  UFDD-F
  
  
  
  
  Pr MOHAMED AGUID BACHAR ASSED
  
  Democratic and Popular National Assembly
  
  RNDP
  
  
  
  
  NDOLASSEM HILAIRE TAKILAL
  
  People’s Front for the Liberation of the South of Chad
  
  Represented by: KABÉ BAMNGAR
  
  
  
  OUSMANE ABDERAHIM
  
  Political-military Coordination of Revolutionary Democratic Councils
  
  CPM/CDR
  
  Represented by: Mahamat Badaouy
  
  
  
  
  IBRAHIM MOUSSA ADDIKER
  
  Contact person
  
  Represented by: Daoud Mahamat Djidda
  
  
  
  
  Pr NGAGOUTOU NGON NGAOUTOU
  
  Contact person
  
  
  
  
  ME KOSSI DJOHONGONA
  
  Contact person
  
  
  
  
  KANDOH BOUTNA
  
  Contact person

• Third parties

  Page 9-10:
  Article 4.29. This Agreement, signed in Doha in presence of the representatives of the State of Qatar and the United Nations (UN), the representatives of African Union (UA), Lake Chad Basin Commission (CBLT), Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC), European Union (EU), International Organisation of La Francophonie (OIF), Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OCI), of France, US, Germany, Italy, Togo, countries neighbouring to Chad (Cameron, Central African Republic, Libya, Niger, Nigeria, and Sudan) enters into force as of the date of being signed.

• Description

  This agreement, supported by Qatar as hosts and 3rd party to the agreement, outlines the core issues to be resolved in order to commence the National Inclusive Dialogue. Importantly, while many armed groups supported the deal, the main opponent of the transitional government, the Front for Change and Concord in Chad (FACT), was not one of them

• Agreement document

  TD_220808_Doha Agreement for Peace and Involvement of Political-Military Movements in the Sovereign and Inclusive National Dialogue in Chad.pdf | Download PDF

• Agreement document (original language)

  TD_220808_ Doha Agreement for Peace and Involvement of Political-Military Movements in the Sovereign and Inclusive National Dialogue in Chad.pdf | Download PDF

Groups

Gender

State definition

Governance

Power sharing

Human rights and equality

Rights related issues

Rights institutions

Justice sector reform

Socio-economic reconstruction

Land, property and environment

Security sector

Transitional justice

Implementation

DOHA AGREEMENT FOR PEACE AND INVOLVEMENT OF POLITICAL-MILITARY MOVEMENTS IN THE SOVEREIGN AND INCLUSIVE NATIONAL DIALOGUE IN CHAD

Preamble

The Transition Government of the Republic of Chad representing the Transition Military Council and Chad’s political-military movements shall be hereinafter called ‘the Parties’.

Considering the provisions of the Decree no.

307/PCMT/2021 from 13 August 2021 by which a Special Technical Committee for the preparation of the involvement of the political-military movements in the National Inclusive Dialogue in N’Djamena was established.

Considering the provisions of the Decree no.

0714/PCMT/PMT/2022 from 9 March 2022 by which a Special Negotiating Committee for negotiations with the political-military movements was established.

Expressing their deepest gratitude to His Highness Sheikh Tamim Ben Hamad Al Thani, the Emir of Qatar, for his support and accompaniment towards the success of the peacemaking process in Chad.

Further, expressing high appreciation to the United Nations (UN), African Union (UA), Lake Chad Basin Commission (CBLT), Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC), Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa (CEMAC), Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OCI), International Organisation of La Francophonie (OIF), to our friendly countries, as well as to all our bilateral and multilateral partners for their commitment to accompany Chad towards a successful transition into lasting stability and for peace and development.

Taking into consideration the political situation in Chad, whose main characteristic is instability.

Taking into consideration the highest interest of Chad which has to be protected in all circumstances in order to terminate the lasting political instability.

Taking into consideration the process initiated by the Transition Political Authorities in Chad to set the country on the pathway of peace, democracy and development, becoming a state with a stable rule of law which ensures a territorial integrity, national unity and social justice.

Taking into consideration that protection and promotion of human rights, democratic principles, rule of law and justice, as well as cessation of personal impunity, implementation of good governance practices and transparency in public administration are necessary conditions for the stability, development and prosperity of the whole society.

Taking into consideration the importance of a democratic governance based on consensus for promotion of a true national reconciliation which shall form a base for the lasting peace, justice and equality between Chadian citizens.

Taking into consideration that the current political transition constitutes a historical opportunity to reconciliate Chad with its own roots and prohibit all forms of injustice and abuse inciting use of violence as means to achieve the goals.

Keeping on their minds that using the ethnicity as political means to block progress and prosperity of a country is a dangerous wrong which impairs the national cohesion and unity.

Being convinced that a state of lasting peace and stability cannot be achieved without a common and shared vision which would include all members of the Chadian nation.

Relying on a firm determination and full commitment of the Head of the Transition Military Council to secure conditions for a peaceful and successful transition towards arrangement of a National Inclusive Dialogue which shall bring legally enforceable decisions.

Taking into consideration the urgent necessity to restore the constitutional order through free, transparent, democratic and trustworthy elections without undue delay.

Taking into consideration the firm determination and legitimate aspirations of all stakeholders throughout the Nation to find a solution for Chad, to conclude the Transition and to terminate the cycles of violence, persistent political instability and underdevelopment.

Taking into consideration the reliance of all Chadians on the logics of the dialogue and on the national reconciliation constitutes a guarantee of a success of the Transition as well as of the restoration of peace and security in the entire national territory.

Having had performed an in-depth analysis of the Chad’s situation and decided to permanently eliminate the deep causes of lasting crises which have been present.

Keeping on their mind the enormous legitimate expectation which the Chadian people have from the pre-dialogue talks with the political-military movements and from the National Inclusive Dialogue of N’Djamena.

Being strongly committed by the signature of this Peace Agreement to provide leadership towards stability and lasting national reconciliation in Chad.

Taking into consideration that the transition government and the political-military movements expressed their common willingness to open an opportunity for peace and to create conditions which would support the peace and finally set the base for a true national reconciliation.

Taking into consideration that the transition government and the political-military movements, by signing this Agreement, commit to prove that they take care of the future of Chad and that they are, in the sense of the this Peace Agreement of Doha, sincerely and honestly committed to take part in the National Inclusive Dialogue of N’Djamena, which foresees a creation of a lasting consensual base for refoundation of Chad.

Being aware that peace, security, real development and rule of law cannot be given particular shape without all sons and daughters of Chad working hard with the intention to achieve success on the National Inclusive Dialogue of N’Djamena.

Considering that the ambitious vision of the parties involved in the talks preceding the Doha Dialogue allows to facilitate the mediation works of the State of Qatar and the international partners who were able to bring the positions of the parties to the talks closer together in order to conclude a peace agreement and to participate in the National Inclusive Dialogue of N’Djamena.

Being aware of the high urgency of the National Inclusive Dialogue taking place in order to achieve a true national reconciliation which shall result in formation of one Nation for all.

Being determined to fulfil the commitment expressed in this Agreement and to actively participate in the National Inclusive Dialogue of N’Djamena.

The signatory Parties of this Agreement, who held a gathering in Doha from 13 March 2022 to 8 August 2022 upon the invitation of the State of Qatar, following a request of the Transition Military Council and the response of all Parties, aiming to take an in-depth research of the possible ways and means to finally resolve the various political-security crises in Chad and to define the conditions, necessary guarantees and respective commitments of the Parties and to ensure the participation of the political-military movements in the National Inclusive Dialogue planned to take place in N’Djamena on 20 August 2022,

have agreed on the following:

As for the application of this Agreement, the government representing the Transition Military Council and the Republic of Chad, formed by the Decree no.

0004/PCMT/2021 from 26 April 2021 and Decree no.

509/PCMT/PMTP/2022 from 25 February 2022 and being a signatory of this Agreement, shall be hereinafter referred to as ‘Transition Government’, and the movements being signatories of this Agreement and mentioned in the Annex A shall be hereinafter referred to as ‘political-military movements’.

MEASURES TOWARDS RESTORATION OF CONFIDENCE, PEACE, NATIONAL COHESION AND SECURITY

Complete and definitive termination of acts of hostility

Article 1.1.1.

By this Agreement, the Transition Government and the political-military movements declare a general ceasefire which shall commence upon a signature of this Agreement, as well as a mutual refrainment form hate and all forms of hostility of any nature.

Article 1.1.2.

The Transition Government commits to refrain from any military or police operation being undertaken by the defence and security forces against the political-military movements which are signatories to this Agreement, wherever they are placed in Chad’s neighbouring countries.

Article 1.1.3.

The political-military movements commit to refrain from any intrusions, armed operations or attacks of any nature against the transition government.

Article 1.1.4.

The Parties commit to prohibit all acts of revenge, reprisal and harassment on the grounds of ethnicity, political affiliation or for other reasons.

The Parties further commit to refuse all forms of false imprisonment, torture, forced displacement, fast-track executions and other similar unlawful practices and to terminate all similar activities immediately after having signed this Agreement.

Article 1.1.5.

The Parties take all necessary measures to remove weapons from the civilians and shall fight against illegal dissemination and holding of weapons.

In order to make the ceasefire permanent and irreversible, The Parties agree to adopt a Disarming, Demobilization and Reintegration (DDR) programme compliant with the recognized international norms, whose stages shall be mutually agreed.

On the Disarming, Demobilization and Reintegration (DDR) Process

Article 1.2.6.

The DDR process shall proceed in two stages:

First stage:

the political-military movements shall, as of the day of the signature of the Doha Agreement, commence submitting lists of their combatants including their biometric data to the Committee for Collaboration and Supervision over the Implementation of the Doha Agreement.

Second stage:

Upon the issue of the National Inclusive Dialogue of N’Djamena, the political-military movements shall, in coordination with the authorities of the neighbouring countries, present the counts of their combatants, weapons and their whereabouts to the Committee for Collaboration and Supervision over the Implementation of the Doha Agreement.

Article 1.2.7.

In the course of implementation of the DRR programme, the Committee for Collaboration and Supervision over the Implementation of the Doha Agreement shall supervise disarming of the units of the political-military movements in preliminary accommodations after the National Inclusive Dialogue of N’Djamena is concluded.

In this regard, they shall proceed towards a separate census of weapons, ammunition, vehicles and military equipment, which shall be placed under the control of the Committee for Collaboration and Supervision over the Implementation of the Doha Agreement.

Article 1.2.8.

The Parties agreed on appointing a National Commission Responsible for the Implementation of the DDR programme (CNCMO-DDR), which shall operate under the authority of the Committee for Collaboration and Supervision over the Implementation of the Doha Agreement and shall include representatives of the political-military movements whose combatants have been identified and registered.

The composition, tasks and functioning of the abovementioned committee are provided for by a Decree of the Council of Ministers.

Article 1.2.9.

The Parties shall appoint a Mixed Team of Liaisons (EML) which shall consist of ten (10) representatives of the transition government and ten (10) representatives of political-miliary movements to facilitate the interaction in the course of its implementation.

The commencement of the DDR process, which shall take place after the National Inclusive Dialogue of N’Djamena and shall follow the recommendations regarding the disarming and registration.

1.3 Measures to secure trust and security arrangements

Article 1.3.10.

The Parties agreed on adopting suitable measures in order to create an atmosphere of trust supportive to a dialogue and national accord.

In this regard, the transition government commits to guarantee the following to the officials and to the members of political-military movements:

adoption and application of law providing for an amnesty for all convictions for their participation in rebellions and/or offences against the State security, without prejudice to the breaches of the general law.

returning the property and belongings of the stakeholding members of the political movements which are signatories of the Doha Agreement or their authorized claimants seized or confiscated by the State upon criminal convictions mentioned above, as well as vacation of immovable property belonging to the members of the political-military movements or to political exiles.

Article 1.3.11.

In order to support an effective participation of all political-military movements who are signatories of Doha Agreement, the transition government shall adopt the following security and administrative measures:

measures aiming to ensure physical security of the members of political-military movements which are signatories of this Agreement, their belongings and their families during their return to Chad.

implementation of a special system of protection of delegates of the political-military movements which are signatories of this Agreement during the participation on the National Inclusive Dialogue of N’Djamena, who have expressed the need for specific security measures to protect the individuals by the means of deployment of a unit consisting of non-Chadian members, the Mixed International Force (FMM) based in N’Djamena, in cooperation with the Executive Secretariate of the Lake Chad Basin Commission (CBLT).

the size of the above mentioned FMM unit and the modalities of its deployment shall be the subject of a bipartite agreement between the Transition Military Council and the Executive Secretariate of the CBLT.

Article 1.3.12.

Besides of the special security measures, the transition government shall ensure free movement of the members of the political-military movements.

To achieve this goal, it shall take following measures:

secure the convenience and the transportation links that will allow the members of the political-military movements which are signatories to this Agreement to participate in the National Inclusive Dialogue of N’Djamena under good conditions.

ensure that the members of the political-military movements which are signatories to this Agreement will be able to enjoy the freedom of movement within the country as well as to leave it and return without having to face obstructions.

acknowledge the freedom of all members of the political-military movements to establish a political party or civil society in compliance with the applicable law.

Article 1.3.13.

In order to reinforce the trust, peace and stability, the political-military movements resolutely and jointly commit specifically to:

definitively abandon armed conflicts and using of all forms of violence both at the Chadian territory and outside as means of promotion of their claims or their ideas.

resolutely commit to follow the pathway of the dialogue and political competition in compliance with the applicable laws of the Republic of Chad.

Stop recruiting new combatants and disclose the numbers of the existing armed combatants or personnel in charge of handling heavy weapons which are present at the territory at the time of signature of the Doha Agreement.

allow, starting at the date of signature of this Agreement, for consolidation and stationing of the armed units, wherever they are placed, on sites dedicated to this purpose, in cooperation with the Committee for Collaboration and Supervision over the Implementation of the Doha Agreement and with the authorities of the country on whose territory the units are placed.

allow for the disarmament of the stationed units in the framework of the implementation of the DDR programme.

secure the discipline and good behaviour of their combatants in the zones of encampment and refrain from any activities which might compromise the normal implementation of the peacemaking process and DDR programme.

Article 1.3.14.

In order to consolidate the trust and promote national amity, the Parties shall, on the reciprocity basis, take steps towards a liberation of the respective units of defence and security forces and the combatants of the political-military movements captioned during various battles in compliance with the modalities and timetable which shall be agreed between the transition government and each touched political-military movement, under the supervision of the Committee for Collaboration and Supervision over the Implementation of the Doha Agreement.

NATIONAL INCLUSIVE DIALOGUE of N’Djamena

2.1. On the organization of the National Inclusive Dialogue of N’Djamena

Article 2.1.15.

The transition government and the political-military movements solemnly commit to exert any effort to promote the National Inclusive Dialogue of N’Djamena taking place in the shortest possible time and to become the co-signatories of its resolutions.

They particularly commit to create a secure and trustful environment which shall support a peaceful and fruitful dialogue.

Article 2.1.16.

The Parties shall ensure that the decisions taken in the course of this dialogue be to consolidate the peace, national cohesion, institutional stability, good governance and republican values.

Article 2.1.17.

The Parties subsequentially commit to contribute towards the successful organization of the National Inclusive Dialogue of N’Djamena, each as far as concerned, in the spirit of cooperation, fraternity and good will.

The practical organization and the management of the works in the scope of the National Inclusive Dialogue of N’Djamena shall proceed on a consensual, transparent and inclusive basis covering all the participating Parties.

2.2. On the agenda of the National Inclusive Dialogue of N’Djamena

Article 2.2.18.

In order to allow it to achieve its goals, the transition government and the political-military movements agree on the agenda of the Committee for Organization of the National Inclusive Dialogue consisting of the following:

fundamental reform of the army.

the question of a revision of the Transition Charter.

the question of the ineligibility of the members of the transition bodies in the first post-transition elections.

the further duration of the transition after the National Inclusive Dialogue.

establishment of a Government of the National Reconciliation after the wrap-up of the National Inclusive Dialogue, which shall be in charge, inter alia, of the implementation of the recommendations and resolutions adopted in the course of the National Inclusive Dialogue, as well as of the Doha Agreement.

nominating, on a consensual basis, a prime minister to form and manage the Government of the National Reconciliation, who shall stay in function until the presidential elections, in which he/she shall not stand as a candidate.

main orientation of the future Constitution which shall be presented for approval in a referendum.

institutional reforms for participation of political forces, political-military movements which are signatories of the Doha Agreement and the civil societies in the transition institutions and bodies.

legislative and regulatory reform in order to set up general, free, democratic and transparent elections.

appointment of a Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Committee to deal with the disputes of the past.

designing a mechanism of extradition of all persons suspected of crimes, whether civilians, military personnel or members of the political-military movements, between the competent national jurisdictions.

general audit of the governance of the country and in particular its profits from petrol and the process of privatisation of the national businesses.

establishment of a special investigation committee of the international community consisting of the representatives of the political-military movements, representatives of the defence and security forces and two representatives of the Committee for Collaboration and Supervision over the Implementation of the Doha Agreement in order to gather all the evidence about the disappearance of the war prisoners of both the transition government and of the political-military movements, in order to bring the persons responsible for the described disappearances to the justice.

discussing a practical application of French and Arabic language in all administrative operations of the official and unofficial state institutions.

raising the question of the return of the authorized officials into their posts and their connection to the ranks of their peers.

peace, social cohesion and national reconciliation.

form of the State, constitution, institutional reforms and electoral procedure.

human rights and fundamental liberties.

sectoral policies.

social questions.

MECHANISMS OF SUPERVISION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DOHA AGREEMENT

Article 3.19.

Signatory Parties to this Agreement commit to fulfil, in good faith, the commitments taken on by this Agreement and to exert effort towards implementation of common arrangements for peace, national reconciliation, guarantees of stability and development of their country.

In this regard, the signatory Parties commit to establish a Committee for Collaboration and Supervision over the Implementation of the Doha Agreement.

The Committee for Collaboration and Supervision over the Implementation of the Doha Agreement shall constitute a permanent framework of consultation and supervision over the implementation of the commitments taken on by all the Parties under this Agreement and shall implement all arrangements for peace and reconciliation, for stability and national development in Chad.

Article 3.20.

The Committee for Collaboration and Supervision over the Implementation of the Doha Agreement (CCSM-AD) shall be established as of the signature of this Agreement.

It shall consist of nine (9) members:

three (3) representatives of the transition government, three (3) representatives of the political-military movements, and there (3) representatives of the international community taking part in the peacemaking process in Chad.

The representatives of the international community shall nominate one of themselves to act as a Chair of the committee.

The other members can be nominated by the parties based on common agreement.

The modalities of functioning and the frequency of gatherings of the Committee for Collaboration and Supervision over the Implementation of the Doha Agreement shall be finalized on its first gathering which shall take place upon a common initiative of its members.

Article 3.21.

The Committee for Collaboration and Supervision over the Implementation of the Doha Agreement shall ensure the supervision over and coordination of the implementation of the DDR process, especially of the activities of the National Commission Responsible for the Implementation of the DDR programme (CNCMO-DDR), as well as of the Mixed Team of Liaisons.

Article 3.22.

The Parties ask the assembly of the international community and the concerned regional and subregional organization under whose management this Agreement was signed, to contribute with a precise support and accompaniment to the fulfilment of the objectives of this Agreement.

For this purpose, all the Parties call for the International Committee for Evaluation and Supervision over the Implementation of the Doha Agreement (CIES-AD) being established.

This Committee shall include the state of Qatar and the representatives of the United Nations (UN), the representatives of the African Union (UA), of the Lake Chad Basin Commission (CBLT), of the Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC), of the European Union (EU), of the International Organisation of La Francophonie (OIF), of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OCI), of France, US, Germany, Italy, Togo, countries neighbouring to Chad (Cameron, Central African Republic, Libya, Niger, Nigeria, and Sudan), as well as all the other organizations or countries which wish to accompany the process to achieve peace, stability and social and economic development.

It can hear the signatory Parties of the Doha Agreement in order to evaluate its own development and prepare its recommendations.

Article 3.23.

The Parties agreed on endowing the CIES-AD with the power to hear directly the signatory Parties of the Doha Agreement in order to evaluate its own development and prepare its recommendations and to participate in the National Inclusive Dialogue of N’Djamena as an observer or facilitator under the modalities which shall be established on the basis of common agreement with the various members of the Committee for Organization of the National Inclusive Dialogue (CODNI).

The members of the CIES-AD enjoy privileges and immunities which are necessary for the independent exercise of their offices.

MISCELLANEOUS AND CLOSING PROVISIONS

Article 4.24.

The Parties commit to implement all provisions of this Agreement with integrity and in good faith, and in compliance with the following principles:

-respect to the national unity, territorial integrity and sovereignty of Chad.

-protection of the highest national interests.

-absolute and definitive refusal of violence as means of political expression.

-turning to the dialogue and cooperation as means of dispute resolution under all circumstances.

-respect to the human rights, human dignity, fundamental liberties and freedom of religion.

-achieving a sovereign status of the National Inclusive Dialogue and legal enforceability of its resolutions.

Article 4.25.

In case of a dispute or discrepancies in interpretation of this Agreement, any of the signatory Parties may use good offices, dialogue and negotiation to resolve the issue.

If no agreement is achieved, each Party may, after 60 days which count as of the date of the dispute, initiate an arbitration with a arbitral tribunal consisting of three arbiters nominated by the International Committee for Evaluation and Supervision over the Implementation of the Doha Agreement (CIES-AD).

Article 4.26.

The Agreement may, if necessary, be amended by one or more annexes signed by the Parties, and subject to approval by the Committee for Collaboration and Supervision over the Implementation of the Doha Agreement (CCSM-AD).

The annexes shall become an inseverable part of the Agreement.

Article 4.27.

This Agreement and its prospective annexes can only be modified upon the agreement of the transition government and the political-military movements which are its signatories and subject to approval by the Committee for Collaboration and Supervision over the Implementation of the Doha Agreement (CCSM-AD).

Article 4.28.

The signatory Parties of this Agreement reflect the legitimate expectations of the Chadian people and apply to the International Community, to the Technical and Financial Partners, to the friends of Chad for support of their effort towards its economic and social development.

Article 4.29.

This Agreement, signed in Doha in presence of the representatives of the State of Qatar and the United Nations (UN), the representatives of African Union (UA), Lake Chad Basin Commission (CBLT), Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC), European Union (EU), International Organisation of La Francophonie (OIF), Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OCI), of France, US, Germany, Italy, Togo, countries neighbouring to Chad (Cameron, Central African Republic, Libya, Niger, Nigeria, and Sudan) enters into force as of the date of being signed.

This Agreement was executed in Doha on Monday, 8 August 2022 in three counterparts, each of them being considered an original, in both French and Arabic language, both language versions being considered authentic.

In case of discrepancies, the Arabic version shall prevail.

HISSEIN ERDIMI

Union of the Forces of Resistance

UFR

[illegible signature]

BACHIR TIKEZO OUSMANE

Military Council for the Good of the Republic

CMSR

[illegible signature]

OUMAR MAHAMAT ADIGUEY

Movement of the Chadians for the Liberation

MLT

[illegible signature]

BECHIR NASRI HISSEIN

National Settlement Council of Chad

CNR

[illegible signature]

ABDALLAH RAMADANE

National Movement for Settlement

MNR

[illegible signature]

HAMDANE DJIGUER

Movement for the Democratic Card in Chad

MCDT

[illegible signature]

MAHAMAT ABDELKERIM HANNO

Union of the Forces for the Republic

UFR

[illegible signature]

MAHAMAT ALI TAHIR NANAYE

National Alliance for the Restoration of the Republic

NARR

[illegible signature]

ADAM HASSANE MAHAMAT

Armed Resistance against the Anti-Democratic Forces

RAFAD

[illegible signature]

ISSA DJIMET HALIKI

Movement for the Social Justice in Chad

MJST

[illegible signature]

MAHAMAT NOURI ALLATCHI

Union of the Forces for Development of the Democracy

UFDD

[illegible signature]

NÉNÉ ÉHEMIR

Alliance of the Resistant Democrats

ADR

[illegible signature]

Dr MOUSTAPHA GOTONA

Assembly of the Forces for the Unity and Democracy

RFUTD

Represented by:

Mahamat Ousman Tahir

[illegible signature]

Pr DJIBINE KADJAM

National Council for Liberation of Chad

CNLT

Represented by:

Youssouf Haroun Djarma

[illegible signature]

MOUSSA YOUNOUS

Movement of Chadian Militants

MMT

Represented by:

Abdelmanane Abdraman

[illegible signature]

ABDELMANANE KHATAB

Front for the Good of the Republic

FSR

[illegible signature]

AHMAT YOUNOUS SOULEYMANE

People’s Front for the Chad’s Liberty

FPLT

Represented by:

ABDEL AZIZ YOUSSOUF

[illegible signature]

MAHAMAT TAHIR ALIO

Free Army for the Change

ALC

Represented by:

Issa Oumar Djibril

[illegible signature]

ABDELKADER IBRAHIM OUSMAN

Union of the Forces for Change and Democracy

UFCD

[illegible signature]

ABDELWAHID ABOUD MAKAYE

Contact person

[illegible signature]

Cpt of the Air Forces JEAN-LOUS VERTU

Contact person

[illegible signature]

HASSANE ALDOUDOU

Contact person

[illegible signature]

{in handwriting:

Movement for Democracy and Justice MDJT

Saleh Aboubakar Choua

[illegible signature]}

H.E. the Ambassador CHERIF MAHAMAT ZENE

Minister of Foreign affairs, Head of the governmental deputation in charge of the negotiations with the political-military movements

[illegible signature]

HISSEIN ALMAHIDJIRI DAOUD

Chadian National Amity

[illegible signature]

ISSA OUMAR DJIBRINE

National Union for Change

UNC

[illegible signature]

Dr YOUNOUS ATIM

Union of the Forces for Justice and Change

UFCJ

[illegible signature]

MAHAMAT CHAÏB MAHAMAT

National Movement for the Democratic Reform and Development

MNDRD

[illegible signature]

NADJIB MAHAMAT ABDRAHAMANE

Front of the National Convention

[illegible signature]

DJAMAL IBRAHIM NAYIR

National Movement for the Democratic Change

[illegible signature]

MAHAMAT ABO SILECK

National Alliance of the Resistance

ANR

Represented by:

Mahamat Abdelkerim Hanno

[illegible signature]

MAHAMAT MAHAMAT ADAM

Movement for the Renaissance of Chad

MRT

[illegible signature]

OUMAR ALMAHDI BICHARA

Chadian Movement for the National Good

MSNT

[illegible signature]

ADOUM SOUGUI HAMID

Movement of Action and Renaissance

MAR

[illegible signature]

HISSEIN BRAHIM ACYL

People’s Army for Liberation of Chad

APLT

[illegible signature]

Dr LEY-NGARDIGAL DJIMADOUM

Chadian Action for Unity and Socialism – Popular and Ecologic Revolution Party

ACTUS_PRPE

[illegible signature]

OUMAR ABDRAHMANE ALISSEL

National Alliance for the Unity and Change

ANUC

[illegible signature]

MAHAMAT KILEL HAMAD

Union of the Forces for the Development an Fundamental Democracy

UFDD-F

[illegible signature]

Pr MOHAMED AGUID BACHAR ASSED

Democratic and Popular National Assembly

RNDP

[illegible signature]

NDOLASSEM HILAIRE TAKILAL

People’s Front for the Liberation of the South of Chad

Represented by:

KABÉ BAMNGAR

[illegible signature]

OUSMANE ABDERAHIM

Political-military Coordination of Revolutionary Democratic Councils

CPM/CDR

Represented by:

Mahamat Badaouy

[illegible signature]

IBRAHIM MOUSSA ADDIKER

Contact person

Represented by:

Daoud Mahamat Djidda

[illegible signature]

Pr NGAGOUTOU NGON NGAOUTOU

Contact person

[illegible signature]

ME KOSSI DJOHONGONA

Contact person

[illegible signature]

KANDOH BOUTNA

Contact person

[illegible signature]