Agreement on a Partial Ceasefire

• Country/entity

  Mozambique
  
• Region

  Africa (excl MENA)
  
• Agreement name

  Agreement on a Partial Ceasefire
• Date

  1 Dec 1990
• Agreement status

  Multiparty signed/agreed
• Interim arrangement

  Yes
• Agreement/conflict level

  Intrastate/intrastate conflict ( Mozambique Civil War (1976 – 1992) and RENAMO Insurgency (2012 – ) )
• Stage

  Ceasefire/related
• Conflict nature

  Government
• Peace process

  Mozambique process in the 90s
• Parties

  For the delegation of GRM: Armando Emílio Guebuza;
  For the delegation of Renamo: Raul Manuel Domingos;
• Third parties

  'The Mediators' sign (and preamble notes that they were present - representative of Government of Italian Public, Archbishop of Beira, and two mediators of the Community of Sant' Edigio.)
  
  The mediators:
  Mario Raffaelli, D. Jaime Gonçalves, Andrea Riccardi, D. Matteo Zuppi
• Description

  A short agreement providing for the establishment and maintenance of a ceasefire. In particular the agreement focuses on the role to be fulfilled by Zimbabwean military units.

• Agreement document

  MZ_901201_Partial Ceasefire.pdf | Download PDF

Groups

Gender

State definition

Governance

Power sharing

Human rights and equality

Rights related issues

Rights institutions

Justice sector reform

Socio-economic reconstruction

Land, property and environment

Security sector

Transitional justice

Implementation

Agreement on a Partial Ceasefire

Delegations of the Government of the Republic of Mozambique and Renamo, led

respectively by Armando Emílio Guebuza, Minister of Transport and Communications,

and Raul Manuel Domingos, Head of the Department of External Relations, met in Rome

at the Sant’ Egidio Community headquarters in the presence of the mediators, Mario

Raffaelli, representative of the Government of the Italian Republic, Jaime Gonçalves,

Archbishop of Beira, and Andrea Riccardi and Matteo Zuppi of the Community Sant’

Egidio.

Inspired by reciprocal commitment to and desire for the rapid attainment of a

peaceful situation in Mozambique, they agreed on the need for immediate

implementation of the understandings and conclusions reached in the discussion of point

1 of the agenda approved on 9 November 1990, “THE PRESENCE AND ROLE OF

ZIMBABWEAN MILITARY FORCES IN THE PERIOD PRECEDING THE CEASEFIRE

PROCLAMATION,” in the following terms:

1. The Government of the Republic of Mozambique will agree with the Government of

the Republic of Zimbabwe modalities for concentrating the Zimbabwean troops along the

areas known as “The Beira Corridor”, and “The Limpopo Corridor”, to a minimum

distance of 3 km outside the furthest edges of each corridor.

This limit may be altered by

a proposal from the Joint Verification Commission referred to in point 3, in conformity

with criteria which will guarantee greater security and efficiency in verification.

The

concentration of the Zimbabwean troops in the above-mentioned corridors will begin at

the latest 15 days after the signature of this Agreement and will be concluded by a

deadline of 20 days after the time limit for beginning concentration.

1.1 The Government of the Republic of Mozambique will inform the negotiating table of

the maximum number of Zimbabwean troops to remain in the corridors.

1.2 The Zimbabwean troops may not be involved in military operations of an offensive

nature while concentration is under way,

2. To facilitate the peace process in Mozambique, Renamo will end all offensive military

operations and attacks on the Beira and Limpopo corridors, along the areas agreed in

term of point 1.

3. A Joint Verification Commission is created with the aim of invigilating the strict

implementation of this Agreement.

It comprises civilian and military representatives

designated by the Government of the Republic of Mozambique and by Renamo, three for

each party, whose names will be given to the mediators within seven days of the

signature of this Agreement.

The Government of the Republic of Zimbabwe may also

join the Joint Verification Commission and have three representatives.

3.1. The mediators or their representatives will also be members of the Joint Verification

Commission and will chair it.

Eight countries agreed between the parties will be

members.

3.2. The Joint Verification Commission will have its headquarters in Maputo.

It will

present reports to the negotiating table at regular intervals or whenever one of the parties

so requests.

3.3. The Joint Verification Commission may create sub-commissions with the same

composition, qualified to verify the implementation of this Agreement “in loco”.

3.4 The members of the Joint Verification Commission will have diplomatic immunity.

The Government of the Republic of Mozambique and Renamo will guarantee the safety

and free movement of the members of the Commission and its sub-commission, as well

as those of its emissaries, in any area subject to the application of this Agreement.

3.5 The Joint Verification Commission will agree the security measures necessary for its

members at the due moment.

The Government of the Republic of Mozambique will

provide installations for the headquarters of the Joint Verification Commission as well as

the necessary logistic support for its operations.

3.6 The Joint Verification Commission will be sworn in up to 15 days after the signing of

this Agreement, and will begin its work immediately.

It will control the implementation

of this Agreement for a period of six months, renewable by common agreement between

the parties when necessary.

3.7 The Joint Verification Commission will submit the fundamental criteria that are to

govern its activities to the negotiating table for approval as soon as it has been sworn in.

3.8 The delegations of the Republic of Mozambique and Renamo request the Italian

Government and other governments of the member countries of the Joint Verification

Commission to make efforts at both bilateral and multilateral levels to guarantee the

necessary financing and technical support of the Joint Verification Commission created

by this Agreement.

4. The parties undertake to avoid any activities that could directly or indirectly violate the

spirit or letter of this Agreement.

In the case of noting any unusual event of a military

nature that could compromise the implementation of this Agreement, at the request of one

of the parties the mediators may take practical initiatives to identify and overcome the

problem.

4.1 The Government of the Republic of Mozambique and Renamo, convinced that the

signing and implementation of this Agreement will make a significant contribution to

strengthening the climate of confidence necessary for dialogue, renew their commitment

to continuing their analysis of the remaining points of the agenda aimed at establishing

peace in Mozambique.

5. This Agreement comes into force on the date that it is signed.

Done at Sant’ Egidio, Rome, on 1 December 1990.

For the delegation of GRM:

For the delegation of Renamo:

Armando Emílio Guebuza

Raul Manuel Domingos

The mediators:

Mario Raffaelli, D. Jaime Gonçalves, Andrea Riccardi, D. Matteo Zuppi