Protocolo De Comunicaciones Del Acuerdo De Cese Al Fuego Bilateral Nacional Y Temporal - CFBNT Entre El Gobierno De La Republica De Colombia Y El Ejercito De Liberacion Nacional - ELN

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Country/entity: Colombia
Region: Americas
Agreement name: Protocolo De Comunicaciones Del Acuerdo De Cese Al Fuego Bilateral Nacional Y Temporal - CFBNT Entre El Gobierno De La Republica De Colombia Y El Ejercito De Liberacion Nacional - ELN
Date: 13 Jul 2023
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Colombian Conflict (1964 - )
The Colombian conflict is really a set of conflicts and the peace agreements reflect both different processes relating to different conflict groups and dyads, and processes taking place at different times in a complex peace process history. The Colombian civil war has its roots in the late 1940s and the violent infighting between liberal and the conservative factions. Emerging from the liberal tradition with a thorough grounding in nationalist communist ideology, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army (FARC) began its armed insurrection against the Colombian government in 1964. Other left-wing guerrillas emerged as well, most notably the socialist/populist M-19, which would later be integrated into the formal political system in the peace process of 1990s; the National Liberation Army (ELN), which has strong roots in liberation theology, and the Maoist Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL) (also part of the 1990 process, less successfully). Several stages of peace processes were undertaken by the various sides, which were further complicated by the emergence of right-wing paramilitary ‘self-defence’ forces. The peace agreement between the Colombian government under President Uribe and the main alliance of the paramilitary groups, the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), concluded in 2005 and is still heavily disputed as several remnants are still active, but now subsumed under the heading ‘Bacrim’ (Bandas criminales). In addition, FARC and ELN maintain a military presence, but both demonstrate a strong interest in completing successful peace negotiations with the government, with the most recent agreements being between FARC and the Government.
Stage: Ceasefire/related
Conflict nature: Government
Peace process: Colombia VI - Government-ELN post-2015 process
Parties: Delegation of the Government of the Republic of Colombia:

José Otty Patiño Hormaza, Head of delegation
Iván Danilo Rueda Rodríguez, High Commissioner for Peace
Iván Cepeda Castro
Orlando Romero Reyes
Horacio Guerrero García
Olga Lilia Silva López
Rosmery Quintero Castro
Carlos Alfonso Rosero
Adelaida Jiménez Cortés
Rodrigo Botero García
Dayana Paola Urzola Domicó
José Félix Lafaurie Rivera
Nigeria Rentería Lozano
Álvaro Matallana Eslava
María José Pizarro Rodríguez.

Delegation of the Ejército de Liberación Nacional – ELN:

Pablo Beltrán, Head of delegation
Aureliano Carbonell
Bernardo Téllez
Manuel Gustavo Martínez
María Consuelo Tapias
Isabel Torres
Simón Pabón
Mauricio Iguarán.
Third parties: As observers for the Armed Forces:

Brig. Gen. William Oswaldo Rincón Zambrano
Maj. Gen. Hugo Alejandro López Barreto.

Guarantor countries (As witnesses and depositaries):

Laura Berdine Santos Delamonica, Federative Republic of Brazil
Eugenio Martínez Enríquez, Republic of Cuba
Peder Østebø, Kingdom of Norway
Patricia Esquenazi Marín, Republic of Chile
Roberto de León Huerta, United Mexican States
Gen. Carlos Martínez Mendoza, Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Permanent accompanying partners:

Angela Bargellini, Delegate of the Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General for Colombia
Msgr. Héctor Fabio Henao Gaviria, Delegate for Church-State Relations, Episcopal Conference of Colombia.
Description: A short protocol agreement connected to the bilateral national ceasefire between the Government of the Republic of Colombia and the Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN). The protocol agreement provides in detail for how the parties should communicate between themselves on the progress of the agreement and how they should communicate this to the public. Substantively this agreement makes provision for the content of the connected bilateral national ceasefire agreement to be communicated to the public, international community, media, government and ELN sections. There is also provision for communication regarding implementation of this agreement through joint communiques, newsletters issued by the peace talks panel, joint statements by the parties and the means established in the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism.

Agreement document: CO_230713_Protocol on communication regarding the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire between the Government of the Republic of Colombia and the Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN).pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): CO_230713_Protocolo De Comunicaciones Del Acuerdo De Cese Al Fuego Bilateral Nacional Y Temporal - CFBNT Entre El Gobierno De La Republica De Colombia Y El Ejercito De Liberacion Nacional - ELN.pdf (opens in new tab)| Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: Rights related issues→Media and communication→Other
1. Communication by the parties in the implementation of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire shall be objective, timely, truthful and relevant.
2. There shall be a greater focus on communication regarding the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire when it is in force, or is being evaluated, extended and/or suspended.
3. The parties undertake to communicate the content of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and its Protocols to the general public, the international community, the media, government institutions and entities and the ranks of ELN.
Information related to the implementation of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire, such as evaluations, assessments and extension or suspension decisions, shall be communicated jointly by the parties or the heads of delegation, by mutual agreement.
The heads of delegation shall agree on how to communicate any extraordinary situation that is not specific to the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism and that the parties deem relevant.
4. Communication regarding the implementation of the Agreement shall take the form of:
(a) Joint communiqués
(b) Newsletters issued by the peace talks panel
(c) Joint statements or statements by the parties that are consistent with the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and its Protocols
(d) The means established in the Protocol on the mandate of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism
5. In each case, the parties or the heads of delegation shall mutually agree on the content of the communications.
6. The national body of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism shall decide on the procedures and means of communication for information regarding the mandate of the Mechanism.
7. Communication on the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire shall serve to inform and educate, and it shall always be aligned with the Protocol on education of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision
1. Communication by the parties in the implementation of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire shall be objective, timely, truthful and relevant.
2. There shall be a greater focus on communication regarding the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire when it is in force, or is being evaluated, extended and/or suspended.
3. The parties undertake to communicate the content of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and its Protocols to the general public, the international community, the media, government institutions and entities and the ranks of ELN.
Information related to the implementation of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire, such as evaluations, assessments and extension or suspension decisions, shall be communicated jointly by the parties or the heads of delegation, by mutual agreement.
The heads of delegation shall agree on how to communicate any extraordinary situation that is not specific to the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism and that the parties deem relevant.
4. Communication regarding the implementation of the Agreement shall take the form of:
(a) Joint communiqués
(b) Newsletters issued by the peace talks panel
(c) Joint statements or statements by the parties that are consistent with the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and its Protocols
(d) The means established in the Protocol on the mandate of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism
5. In each case, the parties or the heads of delegation shall mutually agree on the content of the communications.
6. The national body of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism shall decide on the procedures and means of communication for information regarding the mandate of the Mechanism.
7. Communication on the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire shall serve to inform and educate, and it shall always be aligned with the Protocol on education of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: 3. The parties undertake to communicate the content of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and its Protocols to the general public, the international community, the media, government institutions and entities and the ranks of ELN.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: Angela Bargellini, Delegate of the Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General for Colombia
Other international signatory: Laura Berdine Santos Delamonica, Federative Republic of Brazil
Eugenio Martínez Enríquez, Republic of Cuba
Peder Østebø, Kingdom of Norway
Patricia Esquenazi Marín, Republic of Chile
Roberto de León Huerta, United Mexican States
Gen. Carlos Martínez Mendoza, Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: No specific mention.

Protocol on communication regarding the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire between the Government of the Republic of Colombia and the Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN)

Pursuant to the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire between the Government of the Republic of Colombia and the Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN) (Agreement No.

10, second Cuba Agreement), signed on 9 June 2023, the present Protocol establishes the procedures for communication regarding the Agreement and its Protocols and their implementation.

1. Communication by the parties in the implementation of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire shall be objective, timely, truthful and relevant.

2. There shall be a greater focus on communication regarding the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire when it is in force, or is being evaluated, extended and/or suspended.

3. The parties undertake to communicate the content of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and its Protocols to the general public, the international community, the media, government institutions and entities and the ranks of ELN.

Information related to the implementation of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire, such as evaluations, assessments and extension or suspension decisions, shall be communicated jointly by the parties or the heads of delegation, by mutual agreement.

The heads of delegation shall agree on how to communicate any extraordinary situation that is not specific to the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism and that the parties deem relevant.

4. Communication regarding the implementation of the Agreement shall take the form of:

(a) Joint communiqués

(b) Newsletters issued by the peace talks panel

(c) Joint statements or statements by the parties that are consistent with the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire and its Protocols

(d) The means established in the Protocol on the mandate of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism

5. In each case, the parties or the heads of delegation shall mutually agree on the content of the communications.

6. The national body of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism shall decide on the procedures and means of communication for information regarding the mandate of the Mechanism.

7. Communication on the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire shall serve to inform and educate, and it shall always be aligned with the Protocol on education of the Agreement on a temporary bilateral national ceasefire.

Havana, Cuba, 13 July 2023.

Delegation of the Government of the Republic of Colombia:

José Otty Patiño Hormaza, Head of delegation

Iván Danilo Rueda Rodríguez, High Commissioner for Peace

Iván Cepeda Castro

Orlando Romero Reyes

Horacio Guerrero García

Olga Lilia Silva López

Rosmery Quintero Castro

Carlos Alfonso Rosero

Adelaida Jiménez Cortés

Rodrigo Botero García

Dayana Paola Urzola Domicó

José Félix Lafaurie Rivera

Nigeria Rentería Lozano

Álvaro Matallana Eslava

María José Pizarro Rodríguez.

Delegation of the Ejército de Liberación Nacional – ELN:

Pablo Beltrán, Head of delegation

Aureliano Carbonell

Bernardo Téllez

Manuel Gustavo Martínez

María Consuelo Tapias

Isabel Torres

Simón Pabón

Mauricio Iguarán.

As observers for the Armed Forces:

Brig.

Gen. William Oswaldo Rincón Zambrano

Maj. Gen. Hugo Alejandro López Barreto.

Guarantor countries (As witnesses and depositaries):

Laura Berdine Santos Delamonica, Federative Republic of Brazil

Eugenio Martínez Enríquez, Republic of Cuba

Peder Østebø, Kingdom of Norway

Patricia Esquenazi Marín, Republic of Chile

Roberto de León Huerta, United Mexican States

Gen. Carlos Martínez Mendoza, Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Permanent accompanying partners:

Angela Bargellini, Delegate of the Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General for Colombia

Msgr.

Héctor Fabio Henao Gaviria, Delegate for Church-State Relations, Episcopal Conference of Colombia.