Accord de N'Djamena sur la normalisation des relations entre le Tchad et le Soudan

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Country/entity
Chad
Sudan
Region
Africa (excl MENA)
Africa (excl MENA)
Agreement name
Accord de N'Djamena sur la normalisation des relations entre le Tchad et le Soudan
Date
15 Jan 2010
Agreement status
Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement
Yes
Agreement/conflict level
Interstate/interstate conflict ( Chadian Conflicts (1966 - )Sudan Conflicts (1955 - ) )
Stage
Implementation/renegotiation
Conflict nature
Territory
Peace process
Chad-Sudan Agreements
Parties
the Governments of the Republic of Chad and of the Republic of Sudan

Signatures:
For the Republic of Chad, Moussa Faki Mahamat
For the Republic of Sudan, Ghazi Salahadine Al-ATABANI
Third parties
-
Description
In this agreement, the partis commit to take steps to normalise their relations; to end the existence of and support for any hostile activity by rebel groups operating in either country; to call on these armed groups to accept peace; as well as demobilised them and offer refugee status to the demobilised who do not wish to go back to their country.

Agreement document
SD_TD_100115_Accord de Ndjaema_tr.pdf | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language)
SD TD_100115_Accord de Ndjamena.pdf | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth
No specific mention.
Disabled persons
No specific mention.
Elderly/age
No specific mention.
Migrant workers
No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group
No specific mention.
Religious groups
No specific mention.
Indigenous people
No specific mention.
Other groups
No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons
Groups→Refugees/displaced persons→Substantive
Page 1, Article 6:
In respect of the provisions in Articles 1 and 2 of the present Agreement, the two Parties shall encourage the hostile armed groups to accept the calls for peace of their respective Governments; failing this they will be disarmed and neutralised. The neutralised and disarmed groups will have the choice of returning to their countries of origin, or to remain in the host country as refugees, on the basis of a list of names agreed by the respective Governments of the two countries. Those seeking refugee status who do not appear in this list must be sent to a third country.
Social class
No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender
No specific mention.
Men and boys
No specific mention.
LGBTI
No specific mention.
Family
No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general)
No specific mention.
State configuration
No specific mention.
Self determination
No specific mention.
Referendum
No specific mention.
State symbols
No specific mention.
Independence/secession
No specific mention.
Accession/unification
No specific mention.
Border delimitation
No specific mention.
Cross-border provision
Page 1, Article 1:
Chad will implement measures to end the existence of and support for, and any hostile activity by, Sudanese rebel groups against Sudan, from Chadian territory. This process must be completed by February 21, 2010;

Page 1, Article 2:
Sudan will implement measures to end the existence of and support for, and any hostile activity by, Chadian armed groups against the Government of the Republic of Chad, from Sudan. This process must be completed by February 21, 2010;

Page 1, Article 4:
Until the complete implementation of the Frontier Security Protocol and complete deployment of Forces, the two Parties, through coordination by the joint bilateral Military-Security Commission, must prevent any hostilities against either of the two States from their respective territories from now until February 21, 2010;

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed)
No specific mention.
Elections
No specific mention.
Electoral commission
No specific mention.
Political parties reform
No specific mention.
Civil society
No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders
No specific mention.
Public administration
No specific mention.
Constitution
No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing
No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing
No specific mention.
Economic power sharing
No specific mention.
Military power sharing
No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general
No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar
No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation
No specific mention.
Civil and political rights
No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights
No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship
No specific mention.
Democracy
No specific mention.
Detention procedures
No specific mention.
Media and communication
No specific mention.
Mobility/access
No specific mention.
Protection measures
No specific mention.
Other
No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI
No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions
No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law
No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions
No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts
No specific mention.
Prisons and detention
No specific mention.
Traditional Laws
No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction
No specific mention.
National economic plan
No specific mention.
Natural resources
No specific mention.
International funds
No specific mention.
Business
No specific mention.
Taxation
No specific mention.
Banks
No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights
No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights
No specific mention.
Cultural heritage
No specific mention.
Environment
No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access
No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees
Page 1, Article 3:
To implement the additional Chadian-Sudanese Security Protocol signed by experts from the two countries at Ndjamena on January 15, 2010. This process will take place concurrently with provisions 1 and 2 of the current agreement and Forces will be fully deployed by February 21, 2010, after the effective implementation of points 1 and 2 of this agreement;
Ceasefire
Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision
Page 1, Article 4:
Until the complete implementation of the Frontier Security Protocol and complete deployment of Forces, the two Parties, through coordination by the joint bilateral Military-Security Commission, must prevent any hostilities against either of the two States from their respective territories from now until February 21, 2010;
Police
No specific mention.
Armed forces
Page 1, Article 4:
Until the complete implementation of the Frontier Security Protocol and complete deployment of Forces, the two Parties, through coordination by the joint bilateral Military-Security Commission, must prevent any hostilities against either of the two States from their respective territories from now until February 21, 2010;
DDR
Security sector→DDR→Demilitarisation provisions
Page 1, Article 6:
In respect of the provisions in Articles 1 and 2 of the present Agreement, the two Parties shall encourage the hostile armed groups to accept the calls for peace of their respective Governments; failing this they will be disarmed and neutralised. The neutralised and disarmed groups will have the choice of returning to their countries of origin, or to remain in the host country as refugees, on the basis of a list of names agreed by the respective Governments of the two countries. Those seeking refugee status who do not appear in this list must be sent to a third country.
Intelligence services
No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces
Page 1, Article 1:
Chad will implement measures to end the existence of and support for, and any hostile activity by, Sudanese rebel groups against Sudan, from Chadian territory. This process must be completed by February 21, 2010;

Page 1, Article 2:
Sudan will implement measures to end the existence of and support for, and any hostile activity by, Chadian armed groups against the Government of the Republic of Chad, from Sudan. This process must be completed by February 21, 2010;

Page 1, Article 6:
In respect of the provisions in Articles 1 and 2 of the present Agreement, the two Parties shall encourage the hostile armed groups to accept the calls for peace of their respective Governments; failing this they will be disarmed and neutralised. The neutralised and disarmed groups will have the choice of returning to their countries of origin, or to remain in the host country as refugees, on the basis of a list of names agreed by the respective Governments of the two countries. Those seeking refugee status who do not appear in this list must be sent to a third country.
Withdrawal of foreign forces
Page 1, Article 3:
To implement the additional Chadian-Sudanese Security Protocol signed by experts from the two countries at Ndjamena on January 15, 2010. This process will take place concurrently with provisions 1 and 2 of the current agreement and Forces will be fully deployed by February 21, 2010, after the effective implementation of points 1 and 2 of this agreement;

Page 1, Article 4:
Until the complete implementation of the Frontier Security Protocol and complete deployment of Forces, the two Parties, through coordination by the joint bilateral Military-Security Commission, must prevent any hostilities against either of the two States from their respective territories from now until February 21, 2010;
Corruption
No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime
No specific mention.
Drugs
No specific mention.
Terrorism
No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general
No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon
No specific mention.
Courts
No specific mention.
Mechanism
No specific mention.
Prisoner release
No specific mention.
Vetting
No specific mention.
Victims
No specific mention.
Missing persons
No specific mention.
Reparations
No specific mention.
Reconciliation
No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory
No specific mention.
Other international signatory
No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement
No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar
No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism
No specific mention.
Related cases
No specific mention.
Source
http://peacemaker.un.org

FINAL JOINT COMMUNIQUE

A Sudanese delegation led by Dr Ghazi Salahaddine Atabani, Special Advisor of President Omar Hassan Ahmad Al Bachir, in charge of the Darfur dossier, visited Ndjamena on Friday January 15, 2010.

It had meetings with a Chadian delegation led by the Minister of Exterior Relations Moussa Faki Mahamat, on concrete measures for the normalisation of relations between Chad and Sudan.

The two delegations finalised and signed a Normalisation Agreement between the two countries as well as an Additional Frontier Security Protocol.

The two delegations agreed to take steps to end the existence of and support for, and any hostile activity by, rebel groups operating in either country.

The two countries agreed to implement those measures needed to secure their common border and to maintain regular contact in order to realise their objectives.

The two parties call on the armed groups to accept the call for peace issued by their respective governments.

The two delegations congratulated themselves on the spirit of comprehension and sincerity in which all the bilateral meetings held in Ndjamena since October 2009 have been held.

The Sudanese delegation thanks the President of the Republic of Chad, his Government and the people of Chad for the warm and fraternal welcome extended to it during its visits to Ndjamena.

Done in Ndjamena, January 15, 2010