Protocol on the Political Participation of the Liberation and Justice Movement (LJM) and Integration of its Forces

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Country/entity: Sudan
Darfur
Region: Africa (excl MENA)
Agreement name: Protocol on the Political Participation of the Liberation and Justice Movement (LJM) and Integration of its Forces
Date: 16 Jul 2011
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Sudan Conflicts (1955 - )
Agreements relate to several distinct dyads, and also the negotiated independence of South Sudan, and subsequent internal conflict in South Sudan. Sudan-South Sudan. The long-standing conflict between the north and the south of the country dates back to colonial times, where the British introduced a so-called ‘Southern Policy’, severely hampering population movements between these big regions. Immediately after gaining independence in 1956, southern movements started to fight for independence; this fight became professionalised in 1983 with the foundation of the soon internationally supported Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA). When the Islamic Front government introduced strict sharia laws in the south after it took over power in 1988 the war intensified. A decade later, the military situation reached a stalemate, enabling internationally facilitated peace negotiations to begin in 1997. After more fighting, a final negotiation push began in 2002, leading to the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Areement (CPA) in January 2005.

Sudan-South Sudan post referendum. South Sudan became independent in July 2011; since then, relations between the two countries are complicated and violent conflict led by the SPLM (North) in the Sudanese Nuba mountains region has since intensified.

Darfur. Other long-standing violent conflicts are in the east and the west of the country. In the east, the Beja Congress, established in 1957, is the spearhead of a currently ‘peaceful’ opposition movement. In the west, the violent conflict in Darfur intensified in the early 2000s and rapidly gained international attention, even resulting in genocide charges against leading figures of the Sudanese government. The situation on the ground is complex, with over a dozen organisations (most notably the Sudanese Liberation Movement and the Justice and Equality Movement) fighting the Sudanese government and allied groups like the Janjaweed – although all parties have switched sides on numerous occasions. Several mediation attempts have not been successful, due to the shaky commitment of the Sudanese central government and the distrust among the armed opposition.

South Sudan - internal
In December 2013, after president Salva Kiir accused opposition leader Riek Machar of attempting a coup, violent conflict broke out between government forces of the SPLM/A and anti-governmental groups. In addition, several other political militias as well as communal militias have joined the conflict. In 2015 the Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in South Sudan (ARCSS) was signed. Due to unsuccessful implementation the agreement was revitalized in 2018. In September 2019, Kiir and Machar agreed to establish a power-sharing government after struggles on forming a unity transitional government.
Stage: Implementation/renegotiation
Conflict nature: Government/territory
Peace process: Darfur-Sudan peace process
Parties: For the Government of the Republic of The Sudan, Dr. Amin Hassan Omar;
For the Liberation and Justice Movement, Mr. Ahmed Abdel-Shafie;
Third parties: -
Description: Short agreement detailing the terms for political power sharing, ceasefire monitoring, and military integration between the Government of Sudan and the Liberation and Justice Movement.

Agreement document: SD_110716_Protocol Political Participation LJM Integration.pdf (opens in new tab) | Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: Page 1, A. Political Participation of the Movement,
(1) Adoption of the political participation at the national level, in the DRA organs, and at the state and local levels.

Page 3, B. Arrangements for the Integration in the Armed and Regular Forces and Social Integration:
1- After implementing the security arrangements stated in articles 66 to 71, and in accordance with the general principles in articles 72 to 74, the LJM forces shall be integrated into the Armed and Police Forces, demobolized, and reintegrated into the civil society (DDR). An agreed number of eligible combatants to be determined after verifying the total number of the Movement's forces shall be integrated according to the criteria contained in the DDPD. The percentage of those integrated shall be determined based on the best practices recognized in that field, provided that:
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: Power sharing→Political power sharing→Executive coalition
State level
Sub-state level
Page 1, A. Political Participation of the Movement,
(2) The Movement shall submit its nominations to the President of the Republic to occupy the posts as follows:
(2-1) At the national level, in accordance with article 4, paragraph 42 (i, ii, iii):
a) National minister (1);
b) Two ministers of state (2)

Page 1, Untitled Preamble,
Conforming with paragraph 56 on participation in power of Article 8 of DDPD Chapter II on power sharing,

Page 2, A. Political Participation of the Movement,
(2-2) For the DRA, in accordance with paragraph 66, the Movement shall submit its nomination to occupy the position of DRA Chairperson.
(2-3) For the DRA Executive Organ, in accordance with paragraph 67 to 70, the DRA Chairperson shall submit the nominations for the following posts allocated to LJM:
a) Assistant to the Chairperson for DRA affairs (1);
b) Three ministers/secretaries (3);
c) Two commissioners (2);
d) Advisor to the DRA Chairperson.

Page 2, A. Political Participation of the Movement,
(2-5) For the state level, in accordance with article 12, paragraphs 82 & 83, the Movement shall submit to the President of the Republic its nomination to the post of Governor (Wali) in one of the new Darfur states, who shall be a DRA member ex officio. The Movement shall submit to the Governor of the state concerned its nominations for the following posts:
a) Six ministers (6) in the five Darfur states, two of which in one of the states, and one in each of the new four states. One of the Movement's ministers shall be deputy Governor in one of those states.
b) Twenty six (26) deputies in the legislative councils of the new four Darfur states, who shall be appointed by the President.
Power sharing→Political power sharing→Proportionality in legislature
Sub-state level
Page 2, A. Political Participation of the Movement,
(2-4) For the DRA Council, in accordance with article 10, paragraph 71, the Movement shall be represented by seventeen members (17), one of which shall be the DRA Vice Chairperson.
Power sharing→Political power sharing→Other proportionality
Sub-state level
Page 2, A. Political Participation of the Movement,
(2-6) For the local level, in accordance with article 13, paragraph (87), the Movement shall make its nominations for the posts of seven (7) commissioners in the localities in the five Darfur states.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: Power sharing→Military power sharing→Merger of forces
Page 1, Untitled Preamble,
Referring to the article (1) of the Agreement which states that this Protocol on the Political Participation of the Liberation and Justice Movement and the Integration of its Forces constitutes an integral part of the said Agreement;

Page 3, B. Arrangements for the Integration in the Armed and Regular Forces and Social Integration:
For the purpose of achieving the general principles specified in articles (62 & 63) of DDPD Chapter VI on Permanent Ceasefire and Final Security Arrangements, the GoS and LJM agree to proceed with fulfilling their respective obligations immediately upon signing this Agreement/Protocol, as follows:
1- To sustain the commitment to the ceasefire signed by the Parties on March 18th, 2010, and to participate in the mechanisms according to articles 64 & 65:
a) LJM shall designate three members (3) to participate in the Ceasefire Commission, according to paragraph 350;
b) LJM shall designate two members (2) to each of the Sector Sub-Ceasefire Commissioners (SSCFC), in Al-Fasher, Neyala, and AL-Geneina, and in any other sector(s) to be created later, according to paragraph 361;
c) LJM shall designate two members (2) to participate in each of the Ceasefire Team Site Groups (CTSGs) as specified by the CFC, according to paragraph 365;
d) LJM shall designate three members (3) to participate in the Joint Commission, according to paragraph 366;
e) LJM shall designate representatives to the Joint Logistics Coordination Committee, according to paragraph 410.

Page 3, B. Arrangements for the Integration in the Armed and Regular Forces and Social Integration:
1- After implementing the security arrangements stated in articles 66 to 71, and in accordance with the general principles in articles 72 to 74, the LJM forces shall be integrated into the Armed and Police Forces, demobolized, and reintegrated into the civil society (DDR). An agreed number of eligible combatants to be determined after verifying the total number of the Movement's forces shall be integrated according to the criteria contained in the DDPD. The percentage of those integrated shall be determined based on the best practices recognized in that field, provided that:
Page 3, B. Arrangements for the Integration in the Armed and Regular Forces and Social Integration:
For the purpose of achieving the general principles specified in articles (62 & 63) of DDPD Chapter VI on Permanent Ceasefire and Final Security Arrangements, the GoS and LJM agree to proceed with fulfilling their respective obligations immediately upon signing this Agreement/Protocol, as follows:
1- To sustain the commitment to the ceasefire signed by the Parties on March 18th, 2010, and to participate in the mechanisms according to articles 64 & 65:
a) LJM shall designate three members (3) to participate in the Ceasefire Commission, according to paragraph 350;
b) LJM shall designate two members (2) to each of the Sector Sub-Ceasefire Commissioners (SSCFC), in Al-Fasher, Neyala, and AL-Geneina, and in any other sector(s) to be created later, according to paragraph 361;
c) LJM shall designate two members (2) to participate in each of the Ceasefire Team Site Groups (CTSGs) as specified by the CFC, according to paragraph 365;
d) LJM shall designate three members (3) to participate in the Joint Commission, according to paragraph 366;
e) LJM shall designate representatives to the Joint Logistics Coordination Committee, according to paragraph 410.

Page 3, B. Arrangements for the Integration in the Armed and Regular Forces and Social Integration:
1- After implementing the security arrangements stated in articles 66 to 71, and in accordance with the general principles in articles 72 to 74, the LJM forces shall be integrated into the Armed and Police Forces, demobolized, and reintegrated into the civil society (DDR). An agreed number of eligible combatants to be determined after verifying the total number of the Movement's forces shall be integrated according to the criteria contained in the DDPD. The percentage of those integrated shall be determined based on the best practices recognized in that field, provided that:

Page 4, B. Arrangements for the Integration in the Armed and Regular Forces and Social Integration:
1- a) The LJM designate representatives to participate in the Darfur Security Arrangements Implementation Commission (DSAIC), and the Integration Technical Committee (ITC), according to paragraphs (448 & 449) respectively, and in the Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration Commission (DDR), according to paragraph (43), to undertake their respective tasks, and as agreed by the Parties;
b) The number of officers, non-commissioned officers, and soldiers be determined according to the organizational structure of the Sudan Armed and Police Forces (SAF & SPF), according to paragraph (459)
c) The ranks for the agreed number be determined according to paragraphs (454 to 462)

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision
Page 3, B. Arrangements for the Integration in the Armed and Regular Forces and Social Integration:
For the purpose of achieving the general principles specified in articles (62 & 63) of DDPD Chapter VI on Permanent Ceasefire and Final Security Arrangements, the GoS and LJM agree to proceed with fulfilling their respective obligations immediately upon signing this Agreement/Protocol, as follows:
1- To sustain the commitment to the ceasefire signed by the Parties on March 18th, 2010, and to participate in the mechanisms according to articles 64 & 65:
a) LJM shall designate three members (3) to participate in the Ceasefire Commission, according to paragraph 350;
b) LJM shall designate two members (2) to each of the Sector Sub-Ceasefire Commissioners (SSCFC), in Al-Fasher, Neyala, and AL-Geneina, and in any other sector(s) to be created later, according to paragraph 361;
c) LJM shall designate two members (2) to participate in each of the Ceasefire Team Site Groups (CTSGs) as specified by the CFC, according to paragraph 365;
d) LJM shall designate three members (3) to participate in the Joint Commission, according to paragraph 366;
e) LJM shall designate representatives to the Joint Logistics Coordination Committee, according to paragraph 410.
Police: Page 3, B. Arrangements for the Integration in the Armed and Regular Forces and Social Integration:
1- After implementing the security arrangements stated in articles 66 to 71, and in accordance with the general principles in articles 72 to 74, the LJM forces shall be integrated into the Armed and Police Forces, demobolized, and reintegrated into the civil society (DDR). An agreed number of eligible combatants to be determined after verifying the total number of the Movement's forces shall be integrated according to the criteria contained in the DDPD. The percentage of those integrated shall be determined based on the best practices recognized in that field, provided that:

Page 4, B. Arrangements for the Integration in the Armed and Regular Forces and Social Integration:
1- b) The number of officers, non-commissioned officers, and soldiers be determined according to the organizational structure of the Sudan Armed and Police Forces (SAF & SPF), according to paragraph (459)
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: Security sector→DDR→DDR programmes
Page 3, B. Arrangements for the Integration in the Armed and Regular Forces and Social Integration:
1- After implementing the security arrangements stated in articles 66 to 71, and in accordance with the general principles in articles 72 to 74, the LJM forces shall be integrated into the Armed and Police Forces, demobolized, and reintegrated into the civil society (DDR). An agreed number of eligible combatants to be determined after verifying the total number of the Movement's forces shall be integrated according to the criteria contained in the DDPD. The percentage of those integrated shall be determined based on the best practices recognized in that field, provided that:

Page 4, B. Arrangements for the Integration in the Armed and Regular Forces and Social Integration:
a) The LJM designate representatives to participate in the Darfur Security Arrangements Implementation Commission (DSAJC), and the Integration Technical Committee (ITC), according to paragraphs (448 & 449) respectively, and in the Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration Commission (DDR), according to paragraph ( 430), to undertake their respective tasks, and as agreed by the Parties;
b) The number of officers, non.commissioned officers, and soldiers be determined according to the organizational structure of the Sudan Armed and Police Forces (SAF & SPF), according to paragraph (45)
c) The ranks for the agreed number be determined according to paragraphs (454 to 46).
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: Page 1, Untitled Preamble,
Referring to the article (1) of the Agreement which states that this Protocol on the Political Participation of the Liberation and Justice Movement and the Integration of its Forces constitutes an integral part of the said Agreement;

Page 1, A. Political Participation of the Movement,
(1) Adoption of the political participation at the national level, in the DRA organs, and at the state and local levels.
(2) The Movement shall submit its nomnations to the President of the Republic to occupy the posts as follows:
(2-1) At the national level, in accordance with article 4, paragraph 42 (i, ii, iii):
a) National minister (1);

Page 2, A. Political Participation of the Movement,
(2)(2-1)
b) Two ministers of state (2)

Page 2, A. Political Participation of the Movement,
(2-2) For the DRA, in accordance with paragraph 66, the Movement shall submit its nomination to occupy the position of DRA Chairperson.
(2-3) For the DRA Executive Organ, in accordance with paragraph 67 to 70, the DRA Chairperson shall submit the nomnations for the following posts allocated to LJM:
a) Assistant to the Chairperson for DRA affairs (1);
b) Three ministers/secretaries (3);
c) Two commissioners (2);
d) Advisor to the DRA Chairperson.

Page 2, A. Political Participation of the Movement,
(2-4) For the DRA Council, in accordance with article 10, paragraph 71, the Movement shall be represented by seventeen members (17), one of which shall be the DRA Vice Chairperson.

Page 2, A. Political Participation of the Movement,
(2-5) For the state level, in accordance with article 12, paragraphs 82 & 83, the Movement shall submit to the President of the Republic its nomination to the post of Governor (Wali) in one of the new Darfur states, who shall be a DRA member ex officio. The Movement shall submit to the Governor of the state concerned its nominations for the following posts:
a) Six ministers (6) in the five Darfur states, two of which in one of the states, and one in each of the new four states. One of the Movement's ministers shall be deputy Governor in one of those states.
b) Twenty six (26) deputies in the legislative councils of the new four Darfur states, who shall be appointed by the President.

Page 2, A. Political Participation of the Movement,
(2-6) For the local level, in accordance with article 13, paragraph (87), the Movement shall make its nominations for the posts of seven (7) commissioners in the localities in the five Darfur states.

Page 3, B. Arrangements for the Integration in the Armed and Regular Forces and Social Integration:
For the purpose of achieving the general principles specified in articles (62 & 63) of DDPD Chapter VI on Permanent Ceasefire and Final Security Arrangements, the GoS and LJM agree to proceed with fulfilling their respective obligations immediately upon signing this Agreement/Protocol, as follows:
1- To sustain the commitment to the ceasefire signed by the Parties on March 18th, 2010, and to participate in the mechanisms according to articles 64 & 65:
a) LJM shall designate three members (3) to participate in the Ceasefire Commission, according to paragraph 350;
b) LJM shall designate two members (2) to each of the Sector Sub-Ceasefire Commissioners (SSCFC), in Al-Fasher, Neyala, and AL-Geneina, and in any other sector(s) to be created later, according to paragraph 361;
c) LJM shall designate two members (2) to participate in each of the Ceasefire Team Site Groups (CTSGs) as specified by the CFC, according to paragraph 365;
d) LJM shall designate three members (3) to participate in the Joint Commission, according to paragraph 366;
e) LJM shall designate representatives to the Joint Logistics Coordination Committee, according to paragraph 410.

Page 3, B. Arrangements for the Integration in the Armed and Regular Forces and Social Integration:
1- After implementing the security arrangements stated in articles 66 to 71, and in accordance with the general principles in articles 72 to 74, the LJM forces shall be integrated into the Armed and Police Forces, demobolized, and reintegrated into the civil society (DDR). An agreed number of eligible combatants to be determined after verifying the total number of the Movement's forces shall be integrated according to the criteria contained in the DDPD. The percentage of those integrated shall be determined based on the best practices recognized in that field, provided that:

1- a) The LJM designate representatives to participate in the Darfur Security Arrangements Implementation Commission (DSAIC), and the Integration Technical Committee (ITC), according to paragraphs (448 & 449) respectively, and in the Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration Commission (DDR), according to paragraph (43), to undertake their respective tasks, and as agreed by the Parties;
b) The number of officers, non-commissioned officers, and soldiers be determined according to the organizational structure of the Sudan Armed and Police Forces (SAF & SPF), according to paragraph (459)
c) The ranks for the agreed number be determined according to paragraphs (454 to 462)
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: Page 1, Untitled Preamble,
Affirming the desire of the Parties to strengthen their political partnership with a view to successfully implementing the Agreement and promoting peace through the joint action consolidated by the political agreements between them;

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: UN Peacemaker
http://peacemaker.un.org/
http://peacemaker.un.org/sudan-political-participation2011

Protocol on the Political Participation of the Liberation and Justice Movement and Integration of its Forces

The Government of the Sudan (GoS) and the Liberation and Justice Movement (LJM):

Having signed the Agreement on the Adoption of the Doha Document for Peace in Darfur (DDPD) on the 13th of Sha’baan 1432 hijri, being 14th July 2011;

Referring to the article (1) of the Agreement which states that this Protocol on thetical Participation of the Liberation and Justice Movement and Integration of its Forces constitutes an integral part of said Agreement;

Conforming with paragraph 56 on participation in power of Article 8 of DDPD Chapter II on power sharing,

Affirming the desire of the Parties to strengthen their political partnership with a view to successfully implementing the Agreement and promoting peace through the joint action consolidated by the political agreements between them,

Have agreed to the following:

A. Political Participation of the Movement

(1) Adoption of the political participation at the national level, in the DRA organs, and at the state and local levels

(2) The Movement shall submit its nominations to the President of the Republic to occupy the posts as follows:

(2-1) At the national level, in accordance with article 4, paragraph 42 (i,ii,iii):

a) National minister (1);

b) Two ministers of state (2).

(2-2) For the DRA, in accordance with paragraph 66, the Movement shall submit its nomination to occupy the position of DRA Chairperson.

(2-3) For the DRA Executive Organ, in accordance with paragraphs 67 to 70, the DRA Chairperson shall submit the nominations for the following posts allocated to LJM:

a) Assistant to the Chairperson for DRA affairs (1);

b) Three ministers/secretaries (3);

c) Two commissioners (2);

d) Advisor to the DRA Chairperson.

(2-4) For the DRA Council, in accordance with article 10, paragraph 71, the Movement shall be represented by seventeen members (17), one of which shall be the DRA Vice Chairperson.

(2-5) For the state level, in accordance with article 12, paragraphs 82 & 83, the Movement shall submit to the President of the Republic its nomination to the post of Governor (Wali) in one of the new Darfur states, who shall be a DRA member ex officio.

The Movement shall submit to the Governor of the state concerned its nominations for the following posts:

a) Six ministers (6) in the five Darfur states, two of which in one of the states, and one in each of the new four states.

One of the Movement’s ministers shall be deputy Governor in one of those states.

b) Twenty six (26) deputies in the legislative councils of the new four Darfur states, who shall be appointed by the President.

(2-6) For the local level, in accordance with article 13, paragraph (87), the Movement shall makes its nominations for the posts of seven (7) commissioners in the localities in the five Darfur states.

B. Arrangements for the Integration in the Armed and Regular Forces and Social Integration:

For the purpose of achieving the general principles specified in articles (62 & 63) of DDPD Chapter VI on Permanent Ceasefire and Final Security Arrangements, the GoS and LJM agree to proceed with fulfilling their respective obligations immediately upon signing this Agreement/Protocol, as follows:

1- To sustain the commitment to the ceasefire signed by the Parties on March 18th, 2010, and to participate in the mechanisms according to articles 64 & 65:

a) LJM shall designate three members (3) to participate in the Ceasefire Commission, according to paragraph 350;

b) LJM shall designate two members (2) to each of the Sector Sub-Ceasefire Commissions (SSCFC), in Al-Fasher, Neyala and AL-Geneina, and in any other sector(s) to be created later, according to paragraph 361;

c) LJM shall designate two members (2) to participate in each of the Ceasefire Team Site Groups (CTSGs) as specified by the CFC, according to paragraph 365;

d) LJM shall designate three members (3) to participate in the Joint Commission, according to paragraph 366;

e) LJM shall designate representatives to the Joint Logistics Coordination Committee, according to paragraph 410.

1- After implementing the security arrangements stated in articles 66 to 71, and in accordance with the general principles in articles 72 to 74, the LJM forces shall be integrated into the Armed and Police Forces, demobilized, and reintegrated into the civil society (DDR).

An agreed number of eligible combatants to be determined after verifying the total number of the Movement’s forces shall be integrated according to the criteria contained in the DDPD.

The percentage of those integrated shall be determined based on the best practices recognized in that field, provided that:

a) The LJM designate representatives to participate in the Darfur Security Arrangements Implementation Commission (DSAIC), and the Integration Technical Committee (ITC), according to paragraphs (448 & 449) respectively, and in the Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration Commission (DDR), according to paragraph (430), to undertake their respective tasks, and as agreed by the Parties;

b) The number of officers, non-commissioned officers, and soldiers be determined according to the organizational structure of the Sudan Armed and Police Forces (SAF & SPF), according to paragraph (459)

c) The ranks for the agreed number be determined according to paragraphs (454 to 46?).

Done in Doha, this 15th of Sha’baan, 1432 Hijri, being the 16th of July, 2011 A.D.

For the Government to the Republic For the Liberation and Justice

of The Sudan Movement

Dr. Amin Hassan Omar Mr. Ahmed Abdel-Shafie