• Country/entity

  Libya
  

• Region

  Middle East and North Africa
  

• Agreement name

  Reconciliation Agreement between the Zintan and Mashashiyya Tribes

• Date

  18 May 2017

• Agreement status

  Multiparty signed/agreed

• Interim arrangement

  Yes

• Agreement/conflict level

  Intrastate/local conflict ( Libyan Conflicts (1969 - 1994) (2011 - ) )

• Stage

  Framework/substantive - partial

• Conflict nature

  Inter-group

• Peace process

  Libyan local processes

• Parties

  Mashashiyya Tribe[13 signatories]

  Reconciliation Council [4 signatories]

  Zintan Tribe [9 signatories]

  Al-Qantrar [7 signatories]

  Neighbouring Areas [3 signatories] 
  
  The reconciliation council is comprised of: 

  Warfallah Tribe, Tarhunah Tribe, Gharyan Tribe, Gadhdhafiyya Tribe, Sa’iyan, Rajban, Jadu, al- Asabi’ah, al-Ruhaybat, al-Qawalish, al-Hawamid, al-Zuwayyah Tribe, Burqah Tribes.

• Third parties

  -

• Description

  Agreement made between tribal parties, elders and reconciliation council regarding refugee return to and from specified locations; the removal of armed groups; the opening of roads; the hand over of wanted persons in accordance with law. In addition, the agreement specified the tasks of the Reconciliation Council, including missing persons, trial, investigation into misdeeds and 'blood'. The agreement is considered violated if one party allies themselves with another third party for the purpose of attacking the other party to this agreement.

• Agreement document

  LY_170518_Reconciliation Agreement between the Zintan and Mashashiyya Tribes_EN.pdf | Download PDF

• Agreement document (original language)

  LY_170518_Reconciliation Agreement between the Zintan and Mashashiyya Tribes_AR.pdf | Download PDF

Local agreement properties

• Process type

  Formal structured process
  

• Rationale

  -> Link to national level; external support mechanism; culture of signing The communication between antagonistic parties and the signing of the agreement was supported by the locally-based Reconciliation Council. Moreover, the agreement is clearly embedded in a culture of signing (and supporting) agreements to bring an end to the violence between the tribes of this locale (Fezzan).

• Is there a documented link to a national peace process?

  Yes

• Link to national process: articulated rationale

  The agreement seems linked to the national process. Although it primarily relates to a highly localise conflict and was signed by local tribal leaders, it stresses on the wish of the signing parties that "peace may return to Libya".

• Name of Locale

  al-‘Awiniyya, ‘Umur, Zawiyya

• Nature Of Locale

  Region

• GPS Lat/Long (DD)

  32.431756, 12.533279

• Participant type

  Domestic religious organisation/leader or other elder
  

• Mediator, facilitator or similar

  No mention of mediator or similar

Local issues

In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful Blessings and peace on our noble prophet and envoy of Allah, guided by the Almighty.

“Repel [evil] by that [deed] which is better;

and thereupon the one whom between you and him is enmity [will become] as though he was a devoted friend.

But none is granted it except those who are patient, and none is granted it except one having a great portion [of good].” [

Surat Fussilat 34]

And the Almighty said:

“And cooperate in righteousness and piety, but do not cooperate in sin and aggression.” [

Surat al-Maidah 2]

And he, peace by upon him, said:

“The whole of a Muslim is inviolable for another Muslim:

his blood, his property, and his honour.” [

Hadith Nawawi 35]

In order to preserve the cohesion of the social fabric and to fix the rift between brothers, neighbours and siblings in one nation, and in the desire to avoid more strife, wars and bloodshed, we stand today at this historic milestone to witness and to assist the sensible position called for by the Mashashiyya and Zintan tribes as well as those other tribes around them (to rise above injury and return kinship and repair the rift so that tranquillity and peace may return to Libya.

The reconciliation council is comprised of:

Warfallah Tribe, Tarhunah Tribe, Gharyan Tribe, Gadhdhafiyya Tribe, Sa’iyan, Rajban, Jadu, al- Asabi’ah, al-Ruhaybat, al-Qawalish, al-Hawamid, al-Zuwayyah Tribe, Burqah Tribes.

After rounds of communication regarding the current problem in the region of al-‘Awiniyya, ‘Umur, and Zawiyya al-Baqu between the Zintan, the Mashashiyya, the Quntrar and tribes bordering al- ‘Awiniyya, and numerous calls with all parties, with a mandate from the warring tribes to the council comprised of the afore-mentioned tribes, and after examination of all circumstances surrounding this problem with the councils entrusted and authorized by the relevant tribes, the reconciliation council reached consensus on the following agreement:

1. The people of al-‘Awiniyya, Zawiyya al-Baqul and ‘Umur remain in their homes, with the return of incomers1 from other regions back to their place of origin.

2. Return of emigrants from Mizda to their homes from Zintan, Quntrar, Mashashiyya and others.

3. Concealment of all provocative, armed presences in all conflict zones.

4. Securing the roads leading in and out of the mentioned places, and ensuring that no checkpoints are established.

5. Coordination with security directorates in the bordering regions to put in place a plan to secure the roads in coordination with the councils from all parties.

6. In the case of any act of aggression or criminal act by any individual or group from the quarreling parties, the case against the offender or offenders will be determined and they will be handed over to a neutral agency agreed-upon by the parties, or to the reconciliation council given that the parties pledged not [to engage] in indiscriminate and random retaliation with the raising of social coverage from the defectors.

7. The reconciliation council takes charge of the matters of services, maintenance, compensation for damages, and removing the remnants of the war in all aforementioned areas under the remit of the official agencies through a council formed for this purpose.

8. The settling of the current conflict between the parties on the lands and properties of the town Mizda and other areas, not going beyond what is in conformity with shariah, traditional authority, and the mandate of the council to settle the conflict.

Any party that does not submit to the view of the council during the period defined by the council will have a ruling issued against them, and will be turned over to the competent authorities.

9. The council undertake an inspection into the matters of blood, misdeeds and missing persons in accordance with the demands presented by all parties.

10. The introduction of any power or other party for their use in the attacking of any other parties is not permissible to any party.

Signatures:

Mashashiyya Tribe[13 signatories]

Reconciliation Council [4 signatories]

Zintan Tribe [9 signatories]

Al-Qantrar [7 signatories]

Neighbouring Areas [3 signatories]