Maikona and Walda Peace Declaration

• Country/entity

  Ethiopia
  Kenya
  
• Region

  Africa (excl MENA)
  Africa (excl MENA)
  
• Agreement name

  Maikona and Walda Peace Declaration
• Date

  28 Jul 2009
• Agreement status

  Multiparty signed/agreed
• Interim arrangement

  Yes
• Agreement/conflict level

  Intrastate/local conflict ( Kenyan Post-Electoral Violence (2007 - 2008) )
• Stage

  Framework/substantive - partial
• Conflict nature

  Inter-group
• Peace process

  Kenya Local Agreements
• Parties

  Signed:
  Galma Dabasso, Borana
  Jattani Kotote, Borana
  Abdub Dengich, Borana
  Adi Mary Hapana, Borana
  Salesa Galma, Borana
  
  Chukulisa Tuye, Gabra
  Sori Salesa, Gabra
  Anudo Guyo, Gabra
  Quri Guyo, Gabra
  Adudo Godana, Gabra
• Third parties

  -
• Description

  Agreement to end violence between the Borana and Gabra communities, and the theft of livestock.

• Agreement document

  KE_090728_Maikona and Walda Peace Declaration.pdf | Download PDF

Local agreement properties

• Process type

  Formal structured process
  
• Rationale

  The agreement does not reference previous meetings, but the agreement was the result of the Dillo Dukana peace initiative, and the Walda meeting followed meetings and resolutions between the Gabra and Borana communities in November 2008, June 2009, and 17th-19th July 2009. The meetings in July 2009 were supported by the Pastoralist Shade Initiative and the Oromia Pastoralists Association, as part of the DFID Democracy Growth and Peace for Pastoralists project.
• Is there a documented link to a national peace process?

  No
• Link to national process: articulated rationale

  No documented references in the agreement to a national peace process, or in the accompanying reporting of the process, as it was very focused on localised, cross-border violence and insecurity.
• Name of Locale

  Maikona, Walda
• Nature Of Locale

  Region
• GPS Lat/Long (DD)

  3.207191, 38.038651
• Participant type

  Central state actor
  Local state actor
  International or transnational actor
  Domestic religious organisation/leader or other elder
  Local community/civilian group(s)/civil society organisations
  Regional state actor
  
• Mediator, facilitator or similar

  Mediator or similar referred to
  Mediator (references)

  No referred to in the agreement text, but the accompanying report states that the meeting was supported by the Pastoralist Shade Initiative.
  Type of mediator/facilitator/similar

  International or transnational actor

Local issues

ANNEX II:

Maikona and Walda Peace Declaration - 28th July 2009

We, the undersigned, have accepted peace between our communities, the Borana and the Gabra.

We pledge to live peacefully with one another and to share the natural resources of water and pasture.

Peace will be maintained through regular meetings between representatives of both communities, at alternating locations.

Peace will be safeguarded through the implementation of the following fines:

If a person is caught with a stolen animal, the fine is 4 animals per animal stolen.

The culprit also has to pay the expenses incurred for tracking that animal, and will be handed over to government law.

If a person injures another with intent to kill, the fine is 15 cows and they will be handed over to government law.

If a person kills another, the fine is 30 cows and they will be handed over to government law.

If a person is spreading lies and propaganda, inciting people to fight, they will be fined expenses and 5 cows.

If a person conceals a culprit or information, they and the concealed person will be fined the same, depending on the crime.

SIGNED

Galma Dabasso, Borana Chukulisa Tuye, Gabba

Jattani Kotote, Borana Sori Salesa, Gabra

Abdub Dengich, Borana Anudo Guyo, Gabra

Adi Mary Hapana, Borana Quri Guyo, Gabra

Salesa Galma, Borana Adudo Godana, Gabra